Solar District Heating Systems for Small Districts with Medium Scale Seasonal Thermal Energy Stores

Bauer, Dan; Marx, Roman; Drück, Harald

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2016.06.195

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…In some cases, the heat is produced from waste incinerators or from large 20 biomass plants, especially in northern Europe. Medium and small DH systems show a wider variety of energy conversion technologies, ranging from fossil CHP production to biomass heat or CHP production [7,8],waste heat recovery from industrial sites, heat pumps, energy generation 25 from geothermal sources [9, 10] and solar energy [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real operation data analysis on district heating load patterns

Noussan

Jarre

Poggio

2017

Energy

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District heating networks play an important role in the heating and cooling sector, serving up to 60% of the citizens in some countries. The availability of a thermal network supplying multiple users allows producing heat from different sources and multiple technologies. The possibility of relying on different solutions allows the system manager to optimize the heat generation by choosing the best unit for each operation condition. This choice is based on a deep knowledge of heat load profiles, that are related to users behavior, network performances and control logics.This paper provides an analysis of a DH system operation over ten heating seasons, with the aim of highlighting the main characteristics of the heat load variations and finding the fundamental drivers for heat load prediction. Although the system has seen a significant development throughout the years, the specific energy consumption has been found to be comparable on the whole duration of the analysis. Two main patterns are highlighted, based on the different operation settings along the hours of the day and the outdoor temperature as the main weather driver for building's heat demand.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real operation data analysis on district heating load patterns

Noussan

Jarre

Poggio

2017

Energy

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“…In Denmark there is extensive experience of using heat pumps and heat storage in the hybrid district heating plants pursuing a broader use of the RES potential while increasing system flexibility and efficiency . The heat pump enhances efficient solar thermal utilization by upgrading the temperature of the heat supplied from the storage to the DH grid, thus allowing more efficient utilization of storage volume and lower operational temperature for the solar field, which improves collector efficiency . An example of heat pump installation in the hybrid plant in Marstal, Denmark, is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Technical Potential and Foreseen Impact Of Bioenergy Res Hybmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioenergy RES hybrids − assessment of status in Finland, Austria, Germany, and Denmark

Hakkarainen

Hannula

Vakkilainen

2019

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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This paper surveys the status and future prospects of bioenergy renewable energy source (RES) hybrids, i.e. energy conversion processes that have at least two renewable energy inputs, one of which is bioenergy. Finland, Austria, Germany and Denmark were the case study countries. We found that the implementation of bioenergy RES hybrids was already ongoing in various sectors, but a majority of them was focused on domestic heating applications. Bioenergy can be used to provide flexible resources for both energy supply and energy storage. An important motivation behind hybrid systems is the possibility of switching between different energy sources in an optimal way. No significant technical limitations were identified for surveyed hybrid systems, but the future economic potential of bioenergy RES hybrids remains difficult to estimate as the value of flexibility cannot be assessed in isolation from the energy system.

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“…Other than the abovementioned issues, some other reasons can also decrease the performance of the system. Claudia Weissmann et al (Weissmann, et al, 2017) and Liuhua Gao et al (Gao, et al, 2015) estimated that building orientation, demand, solar thermal collector orientation and size (Bauer, et al, 2016), insulation losses, pipe leakages (Nussbicker-Lux, 2012), and seasonal storage losses can affect the system performance.…”

Section: Btesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most of the heating networks, it is always recommended to have a higher temperature difference between the supply and the return temperature so that the return temperature is as low as possible. This improves the efficiency of the power or heating plant (Urbaneck, et al, 2015;Bauer, et al, 2016;BINE Information Service, 2000). However, it is found that most of the plants faced the issue of a higher return temperature in the district heating network (Ministry of the Environment, Department of the Built Environment, 2010; Nussbicker-Lux, 2012; Dincer & Rosen, 2007;Rehman, et al, 2017;Sibbitt, et al, 2011).…”

Section: Space Heating Temperature Differencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase in the supply temperature can happen due to a malfunction in the control algorithm or control system. One of the issues found in the plants (Urbaneck, et al, 2015;Bauer, et al, 2016;BINE Information Service, 2000) that causes deviations in the plant performance is the space heating network temperature. Although in Finland the space heating network supply temperature varies from (40-30 o C) in floor heating systems (Ministry of the Environment, Department of the Built Environment, 2010; Rehman, et al, 2017), depending on the ambient temperature.…”

Section: Space Heating Supply Temperature Set Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of technical failures on the performance of an optimized community-size solar heating system in Nordic conditions

Rehman

Hirvonen

Sirén

2018

Journal of Cleaner Production

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There is a substantial need to accelerate the advancement and implementation of clean energy technologies in order to solve the challenges of the energy crisis and climate change. Solar heating technology is a feasible solution among clean energy technologies. In real conditions such complex systems often suffer from different kinds of technical failures and deviations reducing the system performance. This paper focuses on the challenges of a solar district heating system at high latitudes, proposes an optimized solution and investigates the influence of possible failures in planning, implementation and operation phase. The configuration proposed is a heat pump connected between two tanks, using solar-charged borehole storage to directly charge the lower temperature tank. Dynamic simulations were performed and a multi-objective optimization was carried out. The impact of the considered system solutions on the renewable energy fraction, purchased electricity and investment cost as a function of demand, solar thermal and photovoltaic areas, tanks and borehole volumes have been evaluated. The influence of 10 different technical failures was investigated. The study showed that in the optimized system, the most serious faults were i) de-stratification of the storage tanks (23-35% increase in annual purchased electricity) ii) on-off instead of variable speed control of the solar circulation pump (1-22% increase) and iii) reduction in heat pump performance (7-21%). These numbers of course depend on the initial assumptions, but still they show the magnitude of performance reduction some failures can achieve. Therefore, these parameters need to be considered during the implementation of such a system.

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Solar District Heating Systems for Small Districts with Medium Scale Seasonal Thermal Energy Stores

Cited by 28 publications

References 1 publication

Real operation data analysis on district heating load patterns

Real operation data analysis on district heating load patterns

Bioenergy RES hybrids − assessment of status in Finland, Austria, Germany, and Denmark

Influence of technical failures on the performance of an optimized community-size solar heating system in Nordic conditions

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