Solanaceae glycoalkaloids: α-solanine and α-chaconine modify the cardioinhibitory activity of verapamil

Abstract

Context Solanaceae glycoalkaloids (SGAs) possess cardiomodulatory activity. Objective This study investigated the potential interaction between verapamil and glycoalkaloids. Material and methods The cardioactivity of verapamil and glycoalkaloids (α-solanine and α-chaconine) was tested in adult beetle ( Tenebrio molitor ) myocardium in vitro using microdensitometric methods. The myocardium was treated with pure substances and mixtures of verapamil and glycoalkaloids for 9 min with saline as a control. Two experimental variants were used: simultaneous application of verapamil and glycoalkaloids or preincubation of the myocardium with one of the compounds followed by perfusion with a verapamil solution. We used 9 × 10 −6–5 × 10 −5 M and 10 −9 –10 −5 M concentration for verapamil and glycoalkaloids, respectively. Results Verapamil, α-solanine and α-chaconine showed cardioinhibitory activity with IC 50 values equal to 1.69 × 10 −5 , 1.88 × 10 −7 and 7.48 × 10 −7 M, respectively. When the glycoalkaloids were applied simultaneously with verapamil, an antagonistic effect was observed with a decrease in the maximal inhibitory effect and prolongation of t 50 and the recovery time characteristic of verapamil. We also confirmed the expression of two transcript forms of the gene that encodes the α1 subunit of L-type calcium channels in the myocardium and brain with equal transcription levels of both forms in the myocardium and significant domination of the shorter form in the brain of the insect species tested. Discussion and conclusions The results show that attention to the composition of the daily diet during therapy with various drugs is particularly important. In subsequent studies, the nature of interaction between verapamil and SGAs on the molecular level should be checked, and whether this interaction decreases the efficiency of cardiovascular therapy with verapamil in humans.

Insecticidal effects of substances from cinnamon bark – eugenol, trans-cinnamaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde to yellow mealworm

“…Insects 120 ± 5 mg T. molitor larvae were obtained from a colony maintained in the Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology at Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland. The specimens were maintained at stable conditions (26 • C and a 60% relative humidity in an 8 h light to 16 h dark photoperiod) in the MIR 154 incubator (PHCbi, Netherlands), as previously described (Chowański et al 2022). Food (carrot, lettuce, oatmeal) was provided ad libitum.…”

The Therapeutic Value of Solanum Steroidal (Glyco)Alkaloids: A 10-Year Comprehensive Review

“…In a paper by Chowański et al [ 9 ], α-chaconine and α-solanine were used in conjunction with verapamil in cardioinhibitory assays on T. molitor semi-isolated heart. Firstly, both SGAs exhibit cardioinhibitory behavior as 10 −7 M of α-solanine shows significant changes in contraction frequency with an IC 50 of 1.88 × 10 −5 M while α-chaconine shows significant change in contraction frequency at 10 −6 M, with an IC 50 of 7.48 × 10 −5 M. All in all, α-solanine had the most potent action, with its maximal action being reached at an earlier time than that of α-chaconine.…”

“…This is thought to be due to the ability of the alkaloids to interfere with ion channels in the heart [ 191 ]. Recently, α-solanine and α-chaconine were identified to display cardiomodulatory activity by interacting with the drug verapamil, that decrease the efficiency of cardiovascular therapy [ 9 ].…”

“…[ 2 , 3 , 4 ] and play a key role in the plant-environment interactions, in particular against bacterial and fungal attacks [ 5 , 6 ]. Their anti-nutrient properties and human toxicity are well-documented [ 3 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], while they more recently have attracted the attention of researchers for their wide range of pharmacological properties (anticancer, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, etc.) [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”