Sol i 1, the phospholipase allergen of imported fire ant venom

Hoffman, Donald R.; Sakell, R.H.; Schmidt, Margit

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2004.11.020

Cited by 81 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…However, the peptide sequences for V. squamosa PLA differed significantly from those of the other five species. By MALDI-Q-TOF-MS and LC-ESI-MS/MS the V. squamosa Ag5 sequence described by Hoffman et al [28] previously could be confirmed (Fig. 3) and one single-amino acid difference in position 136 (V?S) could be detected (see also Supporting Information).…”

Section: Vespula Venom Plasupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The close taxonomic relation of the different yellow jackets set the basis for the MS investigation of the hitherto unknown PLA from V. pensylvanica, V. flavopilosa and the partially described PLA from V. squamosa, respectively [28]. The peptide sequences identified for V. pensylvanica and V. flavopilosa displayed very high homologies at the protein level to the already known PLA sequences from V. vulgaris, V. maculifrons and V. germanica (Fig.…”

Section: Vespula Venom Plamentioning

confidence: 83%

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A proteomic study of the major allergens from yellow jacket venoms

et al. 2007

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The venoms of stinging insects belong to the most dangerous allergen sources and can cause fatal anaphylactic reactions. Reliable prediction of a patient's risk to anaphylactic reactions is vital, and diagnosis requires the knowledge of the relevant allergens. Recently, a new hyaluronidase -like glycoprotein from Vespula vulgaris (Ves v 2b) was identified. This led us to investigate hyaluronidases and also other major allergens from V. germanica and four additional Vespula species. By MALDI-Q-TOF-MS, the new hyaluronidase-like protein was shown to be the major component of the 43-kDa band in all Vespula species studied. LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS sequencing of Ves g 2a and Ves g 2b facilitated the cloning of their cDNA. Ves v 2b and Ves g 2b turned out to be essentially identical on protein level. Whereas the less abundant "a" form displayed enzymatic activity, the new "b" homologue did not. This is probably caused by amino acid exchanges in the active site, and it raises questions about the physiological role of this protein. Sequence comparisons by MS/MS of antigen 5 and phospholipases from V. vulgaris, germanica, maculifrons, pensylvanica, flavopilosa and squamosa revealed the latter as a taxonomic outlier and led to the discovery of several not previously reported amino acid differences.

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Section: Vespula Venom Plasupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Vespula Venom Plamentioning

confidence: 83%

A proteomic study of the major allergens from yellow jacket venoms

et al. 2007

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“…These proteins induce specific IgE responses in allergic victims. Sol i 1 has phospholipase A 1 B activity and shares some immunologic cross-reactivity with phospholipases in vespid venoms (22). Sol i 2 comprises approximately half to two-thirds of the venom protein content and is not immunologically cross-reactive with other Hymenoptera venoms (23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the allergen Sol gem 2 from the fire ant venom, Solenopsis geminata

Sukprasert¹,

Uawonggul²,

Jamjanya³

et al. 2012

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Sol i 2 is a potent allergen in Solenopsis invicta venom, and most humans exhibit reactivity to it. The Sol gem 2 allergen found in the venom of the Thai tropical fire ant Solenopsis geminata was analysed in the present study. The protein was present in higher amounts than other proteins, as determined by SDS-PAGE, and presumably has allergenic properties similar to those of Sol i 2. Sol gem 2 molecular weight is 28 and 15 kDa, respectively, under non-reducing and reducing conditions, indicating that its native form is a dimer. LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed its similarity to Sol i 2. The mono/dimeric form of Sol gem 2 was determined to be relevant by proteomic approach and immunoblotting. An anti-Sol gem 2 antibody was produced in mice, with a titer greater than 1:800 according to the Western blotting analysis. The Sol gem 2-neutralising activity of this antibody was determined in crickets. The paralytic dose 50 (PD 50 ) of crude S. geminata venom was elevated from 0.18 mg/g of body weight to more than 0.90 mg/g of body weight after preincubation with antibody at a ratio of 1:1. These results suggest that Sol gem 2 plays an important role in mediating the effects of the piperidine derivatives in the venom.Key words: allergy, ant venom, hymenoptera, immunoreactivity. Original PaPer The Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases ISSN 1678-9199 | 2012 | volume 18 | issue 3 | pages 325-334 INTRODUCTIONVenomous insects such as bees, wasps, hornets, yellow jackets and fire ants belong to the order Hymenoptera. These insects have a stinging apparatus at the tail end of their abdominal segment and still comprise a serious problem in tropical climates. Every year, a large number of people are stung by these insects (1). The stings are capable of delivering between 100 ng (fire ants) and 50 μg (bees) of venom (2, 3). The venom is injected from a gland through the stinger and is used to catch prey and to defend against predators. The venom of these insects is composed of various biologically active peptide and protein components, some of which can cause toxicity or anaphylaxis in humans (4).Fire ants (Solenopsis sp.) are members of the Formicidae family. The medically important aggressive species are S. invicta, S. richteri, S. geminata and S. saevissima (5, 6). The venom components of these ants and their immunoreactivity have been extensively studied. Approximately 95% of fire ant venom consists of water-insoluble piperidine alkaloids, and approximately 0.1% of its weight (10 to 100 ng of protein in 0.04 to 0.11 μL per sting) is protein (7). The toxicity of the venom is thought to be due to solenopsins and methyl-, alkylor alkenyl-substituted piperidines (7-9). The venom has cytotoxic, insecticidal, antibiotic and antimicrobial properties as well (7,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). The protein components of venom, which are wellknown allergens, are believed to play important roles in accelerating the spread of solenopsins to nearby cells and tissues. Solenopsins are believed t...

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“…The venom of fire ants is over 90% composed of piperidinic alkaloids, the remaining being an aqueous solution of allergenic proteins and peptides (HOFFMAN et al, 2005).…”

Section: Two Brazilian Fire Ants Species Namely Solenopsis Invicta Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HOFFMAN et al 1988HOFFMAN et al , 2005HOFFMAN et al , 1990HOFFMAN et al , 1993 in which four principal allergens were identified and sequenced -Sol i 1-4. Equivalent allergens were also identified in the venom of S. richteri and S. geminata.…”

Section: Two Brazilian Fire Ants Species Namely Solenopsis Invicta Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biologia, morfologia e bioquímica de veneno da formiga lava-pés Solenopsis saevissima Smith (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

Fox¹

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The fire ant Solenopsis saevissima Smith is one of the insects most frequently involved in accidents in Brazil, yet being a poorly studied species. The series of studies presented here aimed at filling some of this gap in knowledge about this common and important ant species. Some aspects of the field biology of S. saevissima are shown in comparison with other fire ants: a unique list of associated arthropods collected from field inspections in Southern Brazil is given, which includes several new taxa, one of which is herein described for the first time. The larvae of S. saevissima are described for the first time and compared with larvae from close species, culminating with the demonstration that larval characters within this group cannot be feasibly employed in species-level phylogenetic and taxonomic analyses.In terms of internal anatomy, a detailed ultrastructural description of the venom apparatus of S. saevissima is given, wherein special emphasis was given to the particular organisation of each region of the apparatus, suggesting there are specialised areas for the production of each venom compound. The venom of this species was subject of biochemical analyses for the first time, generally illustrating that the venom of S. saevissima is >90% made of a simple mixture of cis-and trasundecil-pyperidinic alkaloids, being the remainder an aqueous solution of toxic proteins, comprising neurotoxins, and traces of phospholipases and allergens. The venom of S. saevissima proved being less diverse in toxins than the venom of Solenopsis invicta, possibly explaining why S. invicta is a successful invasive species while S. saevissima apparently is not. Moreover, herein is included the first record of intraspecific variation in the nature of venom alkaloids, providing biochemical evidence for the existence of cryptic species in S. saevissima. Taken together, the obtained results contribute to the body of knowledge about fire ant populations in South America, and are proof of the existence of paramount facets yet to be investigated in deeper details.Keywords: fire ant, taxonomy, systematics, venom toxins, venomous arthropod, morphology. vi Organização da teseEsta tese teve como objetivo geral apresentar resultados sobre vários aspectos da biologia e bioquímica de veneno das formigas lava-pés, em especial S. saevissima. Estes resultados foram aqui agrupados em capítulos individualizados de acordo com o assunto de que tratam. Cada capítulo já foi escrito e organizado em formato de publicação, logo todos estão no idioma internacional inglês e incluem resumo, introdução, discussão e conclusões próprias. Ao fim da tese, panorama geral sobre as partes é traçado para que se possa avaliar o que foi obtido no conjunto, e uma série de perspectivas futuras são delineadas.O capítulo 1 apresenta uma lista de artrópodes inquilinos encontrados no interior dos formigueiros de lava-pés durante as coletas no campo, bem como faz comentários sobre a distribuição das espécies nas áreas investigadas. É enfatizada a carência de estudo...

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Sol i 1, the phospholipase allergen of imported fire ant venom

Cited by 81 publications

References 28 publications

A proteomic study of the major allergens from yellow jacket venoms

A proteomic study of the major allergens from yellow jacket venoms

Characterization of the allergen Sol gem 2 from the fire ant venom, Solenopsis geminata

Biologia, morfologia e bioquímica de veneno da formiga lava-pés Solenopsis saevissima Smith (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

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