Sol-Gel Synthesis of Silicon-Doped Lithium Manganese Oxide with Enhanced Reversible Capacity and Cycling Stability

Zhao, Hongyuan; Li, Dongdong; Wang, Yashuang; Li, Fang; Wang, Guifang; Wu, Tingting; Wang, Zhankui; Li, Yongfeng; Su, Jianxiu

doi:10.3390/ma11081455

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The atom location confused degree, which is closely related to the electrochemical properties of the LMO and represents the exchange of atomic sites between lithium and manganese ions that lead to the formation of an anti-spinel structure [ 88 , 89 ], was analyzed through the intensity ratio between the I(311)/I(400) peaks. In Table 6 , values obtained for the I(311)/I(400) ratio were close to a theoretical value of 1.86, corresponding to a LMO spinel without exchange of atomic sites [ 90 ], which would indicate that LiMg x Mn 2−x O 4 samples have an insignificant degree of confusion and, therefore, would imply high structural stability of the Mn 2 O 4 spinel framework.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies on Synthesis of Mg-Doped LiMn2O4 Nanoparticles

2020

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In this work, a first study on kinetics and thermodynamics of thermal decomposition for synthesis of doped LiMn2O4 nanoparticles is presented. The effect of Mg doping concentration on thermal decomposition of synthesis precursors, prepared by ultrasound-assisted Pechini-type sol–gel process, and its significance on nucleation and growth of Mg-doped LiMn2O4 nanoparticles was studied through a method based on separation of multistage processes in single-stage reactions by deconvolution and transition state theory. Four zones of thermal decomposition were identified: Dehydration, polymeric matrix decomposition, carbonate decomposition and spinel formation, and spinel decomposition. Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis focused on the second zone. First-order Avrami-Erofeev equation was selected as reaction model representing the polymer matrix thermal decomposition. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters revealed that Mg doping causes an increase in thermal inertia on conversion rate, and CO2 desorption was the limiting step for formation of thermodynamically stable spinel phases. Based on thermogravimetry experiments and the effect of Mg on thermal decomposition, an optimal two-stage heat treatment was determined for preparation of LiMgxMn2-xO4 (x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10) nanocrystalline powders as promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Crystalline structure, morphology, and stoichiometry of synthesized powders were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, and AAS, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies on Synthesis of Mg-Doped LiMn2O4 Nanoparticles

2020

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“…With the increasingly serious environmental pollution, new energy and environmental technology have caught more and more extensive attention. Under this circumstance, the research and development of lithium-ion batteries are receiving more and more attention at home and abroad since their first commercial application in 1991 [1,2,3]. As an important cathode material, LiMn 2 O 4 possesses a rather high cost advantage because of the abundant manganese resource and this material can be obtained by many preparation technologies [4,5,6,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, the doping strategy usually choses other heterogeneous ions (Li + , Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ , Al 3+ , Cr 3+ , Si 4+ , etc.) to replace a small amount of manganese ions [2,9,22,23,24,25]. As a result, the Jahn–Teller distortion effect can be decreased, which enhances the structural stability of LiMn 2 O 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Electrochemical Properties of LiMn2O4-Based Cathode Material Co-Modified by Mg-Doping and Octahedral Morphology

Zhao

Nie

Que³

et al. 2019

Materials

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In this work, the spinel LiMn2O4 cathode material was prepared by high-temperature solid-phase method and further optimized by co-modification strategy based on the Mg-doping and octahedral morphology. The octahedral LiMn1.95Mg0.05O4 sample belongs to the spinel cubic structure with the space group of Fd3m, and no other impurities are presented in the XRD patterns. The octahedral LiMn1.95Mg0.05O4 particles show narrow size distribution with regular morphology. When used as cathode material, the obtained LiMn1.95Mg0.05O4 octahedra shows excellent electrochemical properties. This material can exhibit high capacity retention of 96.8% with 100th discharge capacity of 111.6 mAh g−1 at 1.0 C. Moreover, the rate performance and high-temperature cycling stability of LiMn2O4 are effectively improved by the co-modification strategy based on Mg-doping and octahedral morphology. These results are mostly given to the fact that the addition of magnesium ions can suppress the Jahn–Teller effect and the octahedral morphology contributes to the Mn dissolution, which can improve the structural stability of LiMn2O4.

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“…Meanwhile, lithium-ion batteries, as the power source, have been developed quickly in recent years [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. It is generally known that there are four major classes of mature cathode materials, namely LiCoO 2 [9,10], LiFePO 4 [11,12], LiNi 1−x−y Co x M y O 2 (M = Mn, Al) [13,14], and LiMn 2 O 4 [15,16], for batteries. Among these materials, LiMn 2 O 4 shows many virtues such as mature production technology, cheap production costs, non-pollution characteristics, and so forth [17,18,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Cycling Stability through Erbium Doping of LiMn2O4 Cathode Material Synthesized by Sol-Gel Technique

et al. 2018

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In this work, LiMn2−xErxO4 (x ≤ 0.05) samples were obtained by sol-gel processing with erbium nitrate as the erbium source. XRD measurements showed that the Er-doping had no substantial impact on the crystalline structure of the sample. The optimal LiMn1.97Er0.03O4 sample exhibited an intrinsic spinel structure and a narrow particle size distribution. The introduction of Er3+ ions reduced the content of Mn3+ ions, which seemed to efficiently suppress the Jahn–Teller distortion. Moreover, the decreased lattice parameters suggested that a more stable spinel structure was obtained, because the Er3+ ions in a ErO6 octahedra have stronger bonding energy (615 kJ/mol) than that of the Mn3+ ions in a MnO6 octahedra (402 kJ/mol). The present results suggest that the excellent cycling life of the optimal LiMn1.97Er0.03O4 sample is because of the inhibition of the Jahn-Teller distortion and the improvement of the structural stability. When cycled at 0.5 C, the optimal LiMn1.97Er0.03O4 sample exhibited a high initial capacity of 130.2 mAh g−1 with an excellent retention of 95.2% after 100 cycles. More significantly, this sample showed 83.1 mAh g−1 at 10 C, while the undoped sample showed a much lower capacity. Additionally, when cycled at 55 °C, a satisfactory retention of 91.4% could be achieved at 0.5 C after 100 cycles with a first reversible capacity of 130.1 mAh g−1.

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Sol-Gel Synthesis of Silicon-Doped Lithium Manganese Oxide with Enhanced Reversible Capacity and Cycling Stability

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies on Synthesis of Mg-Doped LiMn2O4 Nanoparticles

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies on Synthesis of Mg-Doped LiMn2O4 Nanoparticles

Improved Electrochemical Properties of LiMn2O4-Based Cathode Material Co-Modified by Mg-Doping and Octahedral Morphology

Enhanced Cycling Stability through Erbium Doping of LiMn2O4 Cathode Material Synthesized by Sol-Gel Technique

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