2018
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805781
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Sol–Gel Synthesis of Metal–Phenolic Coordination Spheres and Their Derived Carbon Composites

Abstract: A formaldehyde-assisted metal-ligand crosslinking strategy is used for the synthesis of metal-phenolic coordination spheres based on sol-gel chemistry. A range of mono-metal (Co, Fe, Al, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ce), bi-metal (Fe-Co, Co-Zn) and multi-metal (Fe-Co-Ni-Cu-Zn) species can be incorporated into the frameworks of the colloidal spheres. The formation of coordination spheres involves the pre-crosslinking of plant polyphenol (such as tannic acid) by formaldehyde in alkaline ethanol/water solvents, followed by the ag… Show more

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Cited by 147 publications
(87 citation statements)
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“…Abundant phenol groups on the TA molecules tend to bond with atomically distributed Ni‐ions via a metal‐phenolic coordination reaction. [ 16–19 ] The Ni 2+ ‐TA coordinative complex promotes the graphitization of TA, even under relatively low temperatures. As a result, the unprecedented nanostructured graphite, possessing multiorientations, was achieved with each edge of the graphite domain exposed outward.…”
Section: Figurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Abundant phenol groups on the TA molecules tend to bond with atomically distributed Ni‐ions via a metal‐phenolic coordination reaction. [ 16–19 ] The Ni 2+ ‐TA coordinative complex promotes the graphitization of TA, even under relatively low temperatures. As a result, the unprecedented nanostructured graphite, possessing multiorientations, was achieved with each edge of the graphite domain exposed outward.…”
Section: Figurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, phenolic compounds, which are widely found in plants, have been explored as potential glue molecules for engineering high‐performance functional materials via various sacrificial bonding interactions, including metal coordination, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic interaction . Phenolic compounds have a strong chelating ability with metal ions to form metal‐phenolic coordination bonds that endow metal‐phenolic materials with improved overall mechanical properties .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[14] The sol-gel synthesis of metal-tannic acid coordination colloidal spheres and carbon composites similarly contain the pre-crosslinking of tannic acid by formaldehyde in the alkaline ethanol/water solvents resulted in the formation of oligomers, and the aggregation assembly of polyphenol oligomers via metal-ligand crosslinking grew into the coordination colloidal spheres (Figure 24c). [126] Some biomolecules with large molecular weight can aggregate into nanoparticles without polymerization. Acetylated lignin (ACL) colloidal spheres in tetrahydrofuran (THF) were obtained by gradual hydrophobic aggregation of ACL molecules via the addition of water into the ACL-THF solution (Figure 25).…”
Section: Biomass-based Pcssmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Reproduced with permission. [126] Copyright 2018, Wiley-VCH. over other colloidal spheres; the introduction of active metal sites and specific functional groups into biomass colloidal carbons can significantly extend their applications in emerging fields.…”
Section: Biomass-based Pcssmentioning
confidence: 99%