Sol–gel synthesis of Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 solid electrolyte

Kotobuki, Masashi; Koishi, Masaki

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.03.064

Cited by 49 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…LAGP also possesses a high Li ion conductivity of 3.38 × 10 −4 S cm −1 [18]. So far, LAGP solid electrolytes have been prepared using the meltquenching [19][20][21][22], solid-state reaction [23,24], and solgel [25] methods. The co-precipitation method makes the materials react uniformly at the molecular level and offers the advantages of lower polycrystallinesynthesized temperatures and shorter sintering times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Li_1.5Al_0.5Ge_1.5(PO₄)₃ solid electrolytes via the co-precipitation method

Kotobuki

Koishi

2019

Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies

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Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4) 3 (LAGP) is prepared through co-precipitation and sintered at various temperatures (650~900°C). Impurity formation is affected by the sintering temperature. Although impurity formation is observed in all the samples, it becomes more prominent at high sintering temperatures. The crystallinity of LAGP increased with the sintering temperature as evidenced by SEM observations, which show that the edges of the grains become sharper with increases in the sintering temperature. However, the formation of pores is also observed in the pellets sintered at 850°C and 900°C. As a result, the highest Li ion conductivity (7.8 × 10 −5 S cm −1) is obtained when the sintering temperature is 800°C due to the high crystallinity of LAGP and absence of pore formation. This conductivity value is comparable to previously reported values and LAGP synthesis temperature is 400°C lower than required by the melt-quenching method. The co-precipitation method is a promising method for the preparation of LAGP solid electrolytes at low temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Li_1.5Al_0.5Ge_1.5(PO₄)₃ solid electrolytes via the co-precipitation method

Kotobuki

Koishi

2019

Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies

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“…This will consequently affect the developed crystal phases, as well as impurities, and hence affect the overall ionic conductivity. Alternatively, both samples showed higher values than the reported values using sol-gel route [19,20,24]. This could be attributed to the difference in the chemical composition as well as to the denser microstructure with fewer grain-boundary effects that melt-quenching route could produce compared to sol-gel route [20].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A further unique and important issue for the transport processes in ceramic electrolytes is the effect of the microstructure [13,14] since grain boundaries as well as arrangement and size of the grains can be adjusted by a proper heat treatment, which will affect the overall ionic properties. LAGP solid electrolytes have been prepared via many different routes such as melt-quenching method [11,15,16], conventional powder sintering [17,18] and sol-gel methods [19,20]. LAGP synthesized from different routes had showed ionic conductivities values in the range of 10 −4 –10 −5 S·cm −1 at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LAGP synthesized from different routes had showed ionic conductivities values in the range of 10 −4 –10 −5 S·cm −1 at room temperature. Several factors were found to influence the overall ionic transport process in LAGP such as the initial chemical composition, the developed crystal phases and impurities, the microstructure, the heat-treatment temperature and duration, and the used synthesis route and conditions [9,12,14,19,21,22,23,24]. Some selected LAGP ionic conductivities values prepared via different methods are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave Crystallization of Lithium Aluminum Germanium Phosphate Solid-State Electrolyte

et al. 2016

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Lithium aluminum germanium phosphate (LAGP) glass-ceramics are considered as promising solid-state electrolytes for Li-ion batteries. LAGP glass was prepared via the regular conventional melt-quenching method. Thermal, chemical analyses and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed to characterize the prepared glass. The crystallization of the prepared LAGP glass was done using conventional heating and high frequency microwave (MW) processing. Thirty GHz microwave (MW) processing setup were used to convert the prepared LAGP glass into glass-ceramics and compared with the conventionally crystallized LAGP glass-ceramics that were heat-treated in an electric conventional furnace. The ionic conductivities of the LAGP samples obtained from the two different routes were measured using impedance spectroscopy. These samples were also characterized using XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microwave processing was successfully used to crystallize LAGP glass into glass-ceramic without the aid of susceptors. The MW treated sample showed higher total, grains and grain boundary ionic conductivities values, lower activation energy and relatively larger-grained microstructure with less porosity compared to the corresponding conventionally treated sample at the same optimized heat-treatment conditions. The enhanced total, grains and grain boundary ionic conductivities values along with the reduced activation energy that were observed in the MW treated sample was considered as an experimental evidence for the existence of the microwave effect in LAGP crystallization process. MW processing is a promising candidate technology for the production of solid-state electrolytes for Li-ion battery.

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“…The in situ TEM technique for battery research, first reported by J.Y. 2019, 9,1901810 (3-(4)) × 10 −4 [165] 2.17-4.21 [163] >2.4 [166] P, LiTiPO 5 , AlPO 4 ,Li 3 PO 4 [163] O 2 , LiTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , Li 4 P 2 O 7 , AlPO 4 [163] LAGP Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 1.8 × 10 −4 [167] 2.70-4.27 [163] 0.85-6.2 [168] Ge, GeO 2 , Li 4 1.71-2.01 [163] 7 [159] P, Li 2 S, LiCl [163] Li 3 PS 4 , LiCl, S [163] Li 7 P 2 S 8 I 6.3 × 10 −4 [172] 1.71-2.31 [163] 10 [172] P, Li 2 S, LiI [163] LiI, S, P 2 S 5 [163] Antiperovskite Li 3 OCl 8.5 × 10 −4 [173] ->5 [161] -- (Figure 7a-c), preventing the c-LLZO from being further reduced while maintaining a facile Li + transport. C. Ma et al [175] introduced in situ TEM to find that the cubic-Li 7−3x Al x La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (c-LLZO) was unstable against Li.…”

Section: Dynamic Characterization Of the Sse/electrode Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Incompatibility and Internal Stresses in All‐Solid‐State Lithium Ion Batteries

Liu

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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The continuous depletion of fossil fuels, the increase of oil prices, and the need to decrease CO 2 emissions have stimulated intensive research on developing alternative renewable and clean energy sources. [1] Among these alternative energy sources, rechargeable Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are one of the promising candidates. To date, the LIBs basically consisting of a positive electrode (cathode), an electrolyte, and a negative electrode (anode) have widespread applications, such as portable electronic devices, pure electric vehicles (PEVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). [2] The state-of-the-art electrolytes are usually the lithium salts (LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , and LiCF 3 SO 3 ) dissolved in organic solvents, i.e., ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, polyethylene oxide, and dimethyl carbonate, [3] which exhibit excellent wetting of the electrodes and produce a fast transfer of Li + ions upon charging and discharging. However, they suffer from flammability, poor electrochemical stability, limited temperature range of operation, and low power density. [4] There is an ever-increasing demand for batteries with a higher energy and power density, although current LIBs offer volumetric and gravimetric energy densities up to 770 Wh L −1 and 260 Wh kg −1 , respectively. [5] To improve the energy/power density of LIBs, one way is to adopt high-potential cathode materials such as LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (LNMO). The high-voltage plateau of LNMO (≈4.7 V vs Li/Li + ) makes its energy density 20-30% higher than the energy density of commercial LiCoO 2 and LiFePO 4 . [6] However, successful commercialization of the LNMO is restricted in high-energy LIBs due to electrolyte decomposition and side reaction of the cathodes and liquid electrolytes when operating at high voltages. [7,8] The other way to improve the energy/power density is to replace the conventional graphite anode with Li metal. The Li metal, with a low anode potential (−3.04 V vs standard hydrogen electrode) and high specific capacity (3862 mAh g −1 for the Li anode versus 372 mAh g −1 for the graphite anode), [9][10][11] has been considered as the "Holy Grail" of battery technologies. When paired with sulfur and oxygen, the theoretical energy density of Li-S (≈2567 Wh kg −1 ) and Li-O 2 (≈3505 Wh kg −1 ) batteries is far higher than the theoretical energy density of conventional LIBs (≈387 Wh kg −1 ). [12][13][14][15] When Li metal approaches the liquid electrolytes, however, unstable Li/electrolyte interface Rechargeable Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are electrochemical storage device widely applied in electric vehicles, mobile electronic devices, etc. However, traditional LIBs containing liquid electrolytes suffer from flammability, poor electrochemical stability, and limited operational temperature range. Replacement of the liquid electrolytes with inorganic solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) would solve this problem. However, several critical issues, such as poor interfacial compatibility, low ionic conductivity at ambient temperatures, etc., need to be surmounted befor...

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Sol–gel synthesis of Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 solid electrolyte

Cited by 49 publications

References 23 publications

Preparation of Li_1.5Al_0.5Ge_1.5(PO₄)₃ solid electrolytes via the co-precipitation method

Preparation of Li_1.5Al_0.5Ge_1.5(PO₄)₃ solid electrolytes via the co-precipitation method

Microwave Crystallization of Lithium Aluminum Germanium Phosphate Solid-State Electrolyte

Interfacial Incompatibility and Internal Stresses in All‐Solid‐State Lithium Ion Batteries

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Sol–gel synthesis of Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 solid electrolyte

Cited by 49 publications

References 23 publications

Preparation of Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 solid electrolytes via the co-precipitation method

Preparation of Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 solid electrolytes via the co-precipitation method

Microwave Crystallization of Lithium Aluminum Germanium Phosphate Solid-State Electrolyte

Interfacial Incompatibility and Internal Stresses in All‐Solid‐State Lithium Ion Batteries

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Preparation of Li_1.5Al_0.5Ge_1.5(PO₄)₃ solid electrolytes via the co-precipitation method

Preparation of Li_1.5Al_0.5Ge_1.5(PO₄)₃ solid electrolytes via the co-precipitation method