Sol–gel processing of optical and electrooptical materials

Lévy, David; Esquivias, L.

doi:10.1002/adma.19950070204

Cited by 139 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…To investigate these possibilities, we have originated a study of silica sonogels as possible hosts for VOz nanocrystals. Sonogels were preferred over conventional gels because of their short gelation time and their excellent properties as a host matrix for nanoparticles [17]. One possible way of making such a SiOflO2 composite is an "in situ" impregnation, where that the V~O S sol can be directly used as one of the compounds to make the sonogel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and sonochemical approaches to the formation of VO{sub 2} films and VO{sub 2}-impregnated materials

Keppens¹,

D²,

Boatner

1997

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and sonochemical approaches to the formation of VO{sub 2} films and VO{sub 2}-impregnated materials

Keppens¹,

D²,

Boatner

1997

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“…Organic compounds, particularly volatile ones such as pheromones, rarely survive temperatures above 200°C during such processes. Levy and Esquivias (1995) reported that incorporation of organic dyes into sol-gels and drying, even at temperatures below 150°C, resulted in cracking, shrinkage and high porosity, which facilitated the leaching of the small molecules. Moreover, it is likely that some of the pheromone was trapped within cavities in the matrix that are accessible only through micropores, through which the pheromone molecules were too large to pass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of sol–gel formulations for slow release of pheromones

Zada¹,

Falach²,

Byers

2009

Chemoecology

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A new type of dispenser for slow-release of sex pheromones and other semiochemicals was developed based on sol-gel polymers that can be useful for monitoring, mass trapping, and mating disruption in integrated pest management (IPM). Sol-gel matrices exhibit glass characteristics and allow control of the degree of crosslinking during the polymerization process in order to provide an optimal release rate for a particular pheromone. The advantages of sol-gel (silica) matrixes include keeping the added molecules chemically stable and enabling the sol-gel material to be applied in any desired thickness and pheromone quantity, and thereby readily modify release rates. In addition, sol-gels are primarily silica and water that are common in the environment and therefore safe for field dispensing. We developed a method for the entrapment of pheromones in sol-gel matrices that allowed release at an almost constant rate over many days in the field. For example, 2.5 mg (E)-5-decenyl acetate pheromone of peach twig borer, Anarsia lineatella, entrapped in various sol-gel formulations released 14-45 lg/day for up to 28 days. The codling moth (Cydia pomonella) pheromone in sol-gels was used in field tests to capture more codling moth males than unbaited control traps. We describe how the method may be modified to entrap other types of pheromones by making sol-gels with different pore sizes.

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“…Noteworthy examples include self-assembled monolayers and superlattices (Yitzchaik and Marks, 1996), sol-gel silica glasses (Levy and Esquivias, 1995), and biomaterials (Gallot et al, 1996;Willner and Rubin, 1996;Sisido et al, 1991a). A number of small molecules incorporating azobenzene have been synthesized, including crown ethers (Shinkai et al, 1983), cyclodextrins (Jung et al, 1996;Yamamura et al, 1996), proteins such as bacteriorhodopsin (Singh et al, 1996), and three-dimensional (3-D) polycyclics such as cubane (Chen et al, 1997b) and adamantane (Chen et al, 1995).…”

Section: Classes Of Azobenzene Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%