Sol-Gel Optics: Proceedings SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering Held in San Diego, California on 11-13 July 1990. Volume 1328

Mackenzie, John D.; Ulrich, Donald R.

doi:10.21236/ada249986

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, the broad endothermic peak may be contributed from the sol-gel reaction of the benzoguanamine. [35] This phenomenon was also observed in other sol-gel systems. [49 -51] …”

Section: Preparation and Characteristics Of Benzoguanaminebased Nlo Psupporting

confidence: 66%

“…[31 -34] Besides low-temperature processing capability, excellent optical quality, high temporal stability and ease of device fabrication make sol-gel materials the preferred application for NLO systems. [35,36] Melamine-based materials have been widely used in the lighting, coating, and decorating industries because of their good optical transparency. [37,38] The formation of uniformly crosslinked melamine materials is obtained via a sol-gel process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

All Organic NLO Sol-Gel Material Containing a One-Dimensional Carbazole Chromophore

Kuo

Hsiue²,

Jeng

2001

Macromol. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A NLO‐active polymer has been developed via combining chromophoric photorefractive characteristics and film optical quality of melamine network. A carbazole‐containing NLO‐phore can be acquired via a facile synthetic route, namely Knoevenagel condensation. Guest‐host prepolymer was obtained by doping the chromophores into benzoguanamine matrix. After poling and curing process, a NLO‐active organic sol‐gel material with large second‐order nonlinearity and excellent optical quality film has been achieved. Thermal stability of the polymer was analyzed via DSC and TGA. UV‐vis spectra and second harmonic generation measurement were utilized to characterize the linear and nonlinear optical properties. Reorientation dynamic stability was used to study temperature dependence of NLO signal. The d33 and d31 values for the polymer are 19 pm/V and 9 pm/V, respectively. Long‐term NLO stability was investigated by measuring effective second harmonic (SH) coefficient as a function of time. The effective SH coefficient retained 47% of its original value and leveled off after 10 h of thermal ageing at 80°C.

show abstract

“…Therefore, the broad endothermic peak may be contributed from the sol-gel reaction of the benzoguanamine. [35] This phenomenon was also observed in other sol-gel systems. [49 -51] …”

Section: Preparation and Characteristics Of Benzoguanaminebased Nlo Psupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All Organic NLO Sol-Gel Material Containing a One-Dimensional Carbazole Chromophore

Kuo

Hsiue²,

Jeng

2001

Macromol. Chem. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The high elasticity, excellent relaxation properties, hydrophobicity and transparent of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) have made it widely studied as an organic precursor in the polymer sol-gel reaction [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Two types of PDMS, hydroxyl terminated and methyl terminated, are suitable candidates for the synthesis of hybrids which can co-condensate with metal alkoxides to form a covalently bonded network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ Synthesis of High Refractive Index PDMS/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites

Mullins

2012

MRS Proc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Organic-inorganic hybrids have been prepared with tailorable and enhanced properties which are unachievable using polymers or ceramics alone. By combining the flexibility of polymers with the electronic and optical properties of ceramic materials, these hybrids offer great potential for many optical, electrical and mechanical applications. Silicone polymers because of their desirable surface properties, excellent physical properties, heat stability, and high resistance to chemical and UV attack, have been widely used. Hybrid siloxane-metal oxide gels have been prepared via sol-gel techniques, by using hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) crosslinked by metallic alkoxides, M(OR)n. In this technique, the use of organic solvents permits organic and inorganic components to be combined at a molecular level with the desired composition. By varying the type and percentage of metal alkoxides during synthesis, transparent and homogeneous organic-inorganic hybrid materials with unique properties were obtained. Also a secondary metal oxide species was introduced to synthesize binary metal oxide-PDMS hybrids. Systematic experiments were carried out to study the effect of the reaction conditions and metal alkoxides-PDMS ratios on the properties of the final hybrids. These hybrids were spin coating on silicon wafers or molded into bulk films to be tested. The composition and the properties of the transparent inorganic-organic hybrids were investigated and characterized by ellipsometer and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Experimental results showed that the refractive index of the hybrid materials exhibits a proportional relationship with the metal oxide content, the higher the metal oxide content the higher the refractive index. The refractive index was increased from 1.4 of PDMS to 1.7 of metal oxide-PDMS hybrid with highest prepared metal oxide loading. From the FTIR spectra, the structures of the hybrids for various metal oxide-PDMS compositions were examined.

show abstract

“…Sol−gel methods have been extensively investigated for the fabrication of optical elements, both passive and active ,, has also been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Properties of Fast Sol−Gel Glasses

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The broad-band dielectric spectroscopy method was employed to investigate glasses of fine porosity produced via the fast sol−gel route. The study was carried out in the frequency range 20 Hz to 1 MHz and temperature interval −100 to +120 °C on the sol−gel glasses prepared at temperatures between 60 and 100 °C. The dielectric response data were analyzed both in frequency and time domains and interpreted in terms of the various non-Debye relaxation processes. A superposition of the Havriliak−Negami formula Δε/[1 + (iωτ) α ] β and Jonscher's term (iω)( n -1) was used for the fitting procedure and the quantitative analysis of the dielectric spectra. Here, Δε is the dielectric strength and τ is the characteristic relaxation time. The parameters α and β describe the symmetric and asymmetric broadening of the relaxation process, and n is a Jonscher parameter for the high-frequency part of the relaxation process. It was shown that the complex dielectric behavior of the sol−gel glasses could be described in terms of several distributed dielectric relaxation processes and the dc conductivity part. At the low-temperature wing the strong relaxation process can be observed for all the samples. It can be attributed to the ion motion of the mobile molecules and ions anchored on the methoxy residual groups in the matrix. The second process is associated with percolation of excitation along the developed fractal structure of connected pores. The excitation is coursed by the movements of charge carriers within the pores. The dielectric relaxation response of this process in frequency and/or time domains can be used in order to calculate the porosity of the materials and fractal dimension of the porous space. The nature of the third process is different for various samples. It can be attributed to the fast mobility of the terminal oxygen groups and to the local mobility of the chain fragments located between neighboring knots of the entangled three-dimensional network.

show abstract

Sol-Gel Optics: Proceedings SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering Held in San Diego, California on 11-13 July 1990. Volume 1328

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

All Organic NLO Sol-Gel Material Containing a One-Dimensional Carbazole Chromophore

All Organic NLO Sol-Gel Material Containing a One-Dimensional Carbazole Chromophore

In situ Synthesis of High Refractive Index PDMS/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites

Dielectric Properties of Fast Sol−Gel Glasses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About