Sol-gel-derived lead-magnesium-niobium titanate thin films for ultrahigh-value capacitor applications

Evaluation of process parameters and nanoparticle seeding of sol–gel derived lead–magnesium–niobium titanate thin films

“…Details of the sol-gel synthesis route developed to produce the PMNT sols, which were used in this study, were described previously. 2,3 Lead-magnesium-niobium titanate nps were separately prepared using a high energy milling process. 14 They were then derivatised with a hydrophilic ligand, namely, dopamine, and dispersed in 2ME (y1 mg mL 21 ).…”

“…Ferroelectric ceramics typically demonstrate very high and tunable electrical permittivities and are appealing candidates to enhance the performance of devices such as high value dielectric constant e capacitors, piezo sensors and actuators, non-volatile memories, etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Thin films of lead-magnesium-niobium titanate (PMNT) have particularly been attracting attention owing to its high value e with low loss. [2][3][4]8 Lead-magnesium-niobium titanate, as Pb(Mg 0?33 Nb 0?67 ) 1-x Ti x O 3 , possessing a morphotropic phase boundary near x50?35, is in fact a crystalline solid solution between two perovskites: Pb(Mg 0?33 Nb 0?67 )O 3 , a relaxor ferroelectric with a significantly high e value (y20 000), and PbTiO 3 , a normal ferroelectric.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Thin films of lead-magnesium-niobium titanate (PMNT) have particularly been attracting attention owing to its high value e with low loss. [2][3][4]8 Lead-magnesium-niobium titanate, as Pb(Mg 0?33 Nb 0?67 ) 1-x Ti x O 3 , possessing a morphotropic phase boundary near x50?35, is in fact a crystalline solid solution between two perovskites: Pb(Mg 0?33 Nb 0?67 )O 3 , a relaxor ferroelectric with a significantly high e value (y20 000), and PbTiO 3 , a normal ferroelectric. 6 In the context of synthesis, the sol-gel method is very suitable for the preparation of ceramic films and employed widely for the preparation of electronic oxide films.…”

“…6 In the context of synthesis, the sol-gel method is very suitable for the preparation of ceramic films and employed widely for the preparation of electronic oxide films. [2][3][4][6][7][8][9] Given the complex nature of solgel chemistry as well as a vast number of possible combinations of process parameters for this material system, nonetheless, there is an obvious need to define the influences of synthesis/process parameters on its functional properties.…”

“…8 Lead–magnesium–niobium titanate, as Pb(Mg 0·33 Nb 0·67 ) 1–x Ti x O 3 , possessing a morphotropic phase boundary near x = 0·35, is in fact a crystalline solid solution between two perovskites: Pb(Mg 0·33 Nb 0·67 )O 3 , a relaxor ferroelectric with a significantly high ϵ value (∼20 000), and PbTiO 3 , a normal ferroelectric 6. In the context of synthesis, the sol–gel method is very suitable for the preparation of ceramic films and employed widely for the preparation of electronic oxide films 2 – 4. 6–9 Given the complex nature of sol–gel chemistry as well as a vast number of possible combinations of process parameters for this material system, nonetheless, there is an obvious need to define the influences of synthesis/process parameters on its functional properties.…”