Sol-Gel and Layer-by-Layer Coatings for Flame-Retardant Cotton Fabrics: Recent Advances

Malucelli, Giulio

doi:10.3390/coatings10040333

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(111 reference statements)

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“…In order to overcome this issue, in the last 100 years, different flame-retardant finishes (FRs) have been developed with the aim of inhibiting or at least slowing down the propagation of a flame, were proposed [ 106 , 107 ]. Nowadays, some of these products are on the market with a high effectiveness according to the specific chemical and/or physical mechanisms that take place when FRs activate [ 108 ].…”

Section: Flame-retardant Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The key role in determining the way by which the FRs can be active in the gas or condensed phase is played by the chemical composition and the relative thermal and fire behaviour of the flame retardant molecules [ 108 ]. A fire-retardant product can contrast the combustion process, possibly stopping it, through mechanisms carried out in:…”

Section: Flame-retardant Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the most recent results obtained [ 108 , 153 ], some papers showed high flame retardant properties in treated cellulosic-based materials.…”

Section: Flame-retardant Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

et al. 2021

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This review presents current literature on different nanocomposite coatings and surface finishing for textiles, and in particular this study has focused on smart materials, drug-delivery systems, industrial, antifouling and nano/ultrafiltration membrane coatings. Each of these nanostructured coatings shows interesting properties for different fields of application. In this review, particular attention is paid to the synthesis and the consequent physico-chemical characteristics of each coating and, therefore, to the different parameters that influence the substrate deposition process. Several techniques used in the characterization of these surface finishing coatings were also described. In this review the sol–gel method for preparing stimuli-responsive coatings as smart sensor materials is described; polymers and nanoparticles sensitive to pH, temperature, phase, light and biomolecules are also treated; nanomaterials based on phosphorus, borates, hydroxy carbonates and silicones are used and described as flame-retardant coatings; organic/inorganic hybrid sol–gel coatings for industrial applications are illustrated; carbon nanotubes, metallic oxides and polymers are employed for nano/ultrafiltration membranes and antifouling coatings. Research institutes and industries have collaborated in the advancement of nanotechnology by optimizing conversion processes of conventional materials into coatings with new functionalities for intelligent applications.

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Section: Flame-retardant Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flame-retardant Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

et al. 2021

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“…It is interesting to note, that in spite of the many papers published recently in which applications of nanotechnology with the aim of improving non-halogen-containing, flame retardant efficiency [ 53 ] coupled with the interest in novel surface treatments mainly on cotton, such as sol–gel [ 39 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ], layer-by-layer [ 39 , 54 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ] and atmospheric plasma [ 66 , 67 , 68 ], limited levels of flame retardancy and durability have often only been achieved. None of these treatments to the author’s knowledge has been either applied to or found to be acceptable in back-coating applications.…”

Section: Organobromine Flame Retardants—environmental Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential for Bio-Sustainable Organobromine-Containing Flame Retardant Formulations for Textile Applications—A Review

Horrocks

2020

Polymers

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This review considers the challenge of developing sustainable organobromine flame retardants (BrFRs) and alternative synergists to the predominantly used antimony III oxide. Current BrFR efficiencies are reviewed for textile coatings and back-coatings with a focus on furnishing and similar fabrics covering underlying flammable fillings, such as flexible polyurethane foam. The difficulty of replacing them with non-halogen-containing systems is also reviewed with major disadvantages including their extreme specificity with regard to a given textile type and poor durability.The possibility of replacing currently used BrFRs for textiles structures that mimic naturally occurring organobromine-containing species is discussed, noting that of the nearly 2000 such species identified in both marine and terrestrial environments, a significant number are functionalised polybrominated diphenyl ethers, which form part of a series of little understood biosynthetic biodegradation cycles.The continued use of antimony III oxide as synergist and possible replacement by alternatives, such as the commercially available zinc stannates and the recently identified zinc tungstate, are discussed. Both are effective as synergists and smoke suppressants, but unlike Sb203, they have efficiencies dependent on BrFR chemistry and polymer matrix or textile structure. Furthermore, their effectiveness in textile coatings has yet to be more fully assessed.In conclusion, it is proposed that the future of sustainable BrFRs should be based on naturally occurring polybrominated structures developed in conjunction with non-toxic, smoke-suppressing synergists such as the zinc stannates or zinc tungstate, which have been carefully tailored for given polymeric and textile substrates.

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“…The cotton fabrics (CFs) have been extensively used as one of the most suitable fabrics both in clothing and industrial textiles owing to their comfortableness, hydrophilicity, high mechanical property, strong biocompatibility and biodegradability (Malucelli 2020;Qiu et al 2018;Alongi and Malucelli 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot–Dog Structured Protective Nanocoating for Multifunctional Cotton Fabric Through Spray Assisted Layer–by–Layer Assembly

Zeng

Shen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Multifunctional cotton fabric was preparation by low–cost and environmental–friendly spray–assisted layer–by–layer assembly to achieve simultaneously excellent self–extinguishing ability, antistatic property and antimicrobial activity. Especially, a novel hot–dog structured protective coating was designed through introducing polyaniline nanofibers into graphene nanosheets, which can exhibit unique structural advantages and give full play to the compound synergetic effect. More clearly, 3–aminopropyl triethoxysilane, ammonium polyphosphate and polyaniline were selected for phosphorus–silicon–nitrogen synergism in the assembled layer, while PANI nanofibers doped with various organic acids were penetrated into the graphene nanosheets for constructing more stable and efficient protective space. The optimized coated fabric exhibited the excellent self–extinguishing ability for 5 composite layers including phytic acid doped nanofiber, and a significantly enhanced LOI to 35.1 % from 18.1 % for neat cotton fabrics. Moreover, the peak heat release rate and the total heat release values were significantly declined by 78.3 % and 49.0 %, respectively. Furthermore, a low sheet resistance of 264.7 kΩ/sq for antistatic property, as well as remarkable growth inhibition of E. coli and S. aureus can be achieved. In addition, the fabrics also displayed the good washing durability. Therefore, such eco–friendly and facile large–scale fabrication approach has great potentials in application for multifunctional advanced textiles and could be employed to various other cellulose fibers.

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Sol-Gel and Layer-by-Layer Coatings for Flame-Retardant Cotton Fabrics: Recent Advances

Cited by 40 publications

References 95 publications

Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

The Potential for Bio-Sustainable Organobromine-Containing Flame Retardant Formulations for Textile Applications—A Review

Hot–Dog Structured Protective Nanocoating for Multifunctional Cotton Fabric Through Spray Assisted Layer–by–Layer Assembly

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