Soils and Climatic Characteristic of Chestnut Stands That Differ on the Presence of the Ink Disease

Martins, Luís; Oliveira, Manuel; Abreu, Cláudia

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1999.494.67

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…In this study, the disease spread obtained by ordinary kriging mostly occurs in areas with the same altitude where, generally, the soil tillage and human mobility are easier. As a result, the spread of Ink Disease may be primarily due to the transport of soil infested with chlamydospores and other inocula of Phytophthora species, which has also been reported by several authors (Abreu, 1992;Martins et al, 1999;Fonseca et al, 2004). Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…However, in Portugal, the current widespread incidence of the Ink Disease caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands (occasionally by P. cambivora (Petri) Buis.) leads to important losses in chestnut production and limits the establishment of new planted areas (Abreu, 1992;Martins et al, 1999). Some chestnut groves affected by Ink Disease can be found near healthy trees and also grouped in clusters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil compaction associated with those practices also stimulates the P. cinnamomi development (Fonseca et al, 2004). The unregulated search for wild mushrooms can also reduce chestnut tree resistance due to the ectomycorrhyizal fungi reduction (Bärtschi et al, 1981;Branzanti et al, 1994;Brasier et al, 1993;Martins et al, 1999). However, the widespread incidence on a large scale, and the causes that affect the disease spread, are not well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Spread of Chestnut Ink Disease From 1995 to 2005 Using Aerial Photography and Geostatistical Methods

Martins¹,

Castro²,

Marques³

et al. 2009

Acta Hortic.

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Chestnut ink disease, caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. cambivora, is responsible for important economic losses and it limits the establishment of new chestnut (Castanea sativa) groves in Portugal. Differences in soil properties and in cropping practices affect the Ink severity, and differences on levels of attacks can be assessed by remote sensing. In this study data for monitoring C. sativa decline was selected using field surveys and aerial photography:

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Spread of Chestnut Ink Disease From 1995 to 2005 Using Aerial Photography and Geostatistical Methods

Martins¹,

Castro²,

Marques³

et al. 2009

Acta Hortic.

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“…The chestnut area increased 147±6.1% in the study period but higher spread of chestnut decline rate was observed in 2006, particularly in areas where soil tillage is more frequent. Those practices have been considered as the main causes of transport of soil infested with chlamydospores and other inocula of Phytophthora species (Abreu, 1992;Martins et al, 1999). The more severe chestnut decline observed in 2006 is probably a consequence of chestnut blight incidence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Analysis of Sweet Chestnut Decline in Northeastern Portugal Using Geostatistical Tools

Castro¹,

Azevedo²,

Martins³

2010

Acta Hortic.

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The rising demand for sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) in Portugal and elsewhere in Europe has led to more intensive management practices to increase nut production. This intensification has potentially increased the widespread of ink and chestnut blight diseases, causing decline in sweet chestnut orchards health and production and limiting the establishment of new planted areas. In this study we estimated chestnut decline along the last twenty years (1986 to 2006) in the northern part of Portugal using 1986, 1995 and 2006 aerial photography to quantify the damage at the tree level within fixed sample plots according to a categorical scale. Mean damage and damage variance in each date, however, were not significantly different. Geostatistical analyses indicated, however, changes in the spatial distribution of damaged and undamaged areas over time. The spread of decline in the region of study was estimated using Kriging based on the spherical model. During the examined period we observed spread of chestnut decline and increasing damage levels in regions where damage is systematically high. The chestnut productive surface in the region has increased in the last twenty years because new plantations exceeded mortality areas. The spatial analyses applied here have made clearer the relations between the spread of chestnut decline and geographical variables.

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“…No advantages of conventional system (soil tillage trice a year) were then observed on fruit production and water saving, as compared with the no tillage with maintenance of herbaceous vegetation cover. Also, negative impacts of conventional tillage have been detected such as decrease of soil organic matter content, increasing risks of soil compaction, soil erosion, and nutrient losses and damage of tree roots, which enhance the occurrence of ink disease induced by Phytophthora cinnamomi (Hogue and Neilsen 1987;Glenn and Welker 1989;Lipecki and Berbeć 1997;Martins et al 1999;Portela et al 1999;Marcelino et al 2000). These effects have been considered as responsible for the decline of chestnut plantations (Abreu et al 1993;Martins and Abreu 1997;Portela et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of chestnut plantations for a multifunctional land use under Mediterranean conditions: effects on productivity and sustainability

Martins

Marques

Borges³

et al. 2010

Agroforest Syst

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Chestnut plantations for fruit production in Northern Portugal have been subjected to intensive management system, including soil tillage, mineral fertilization and pruning. Some of these practices have no positive effect on productivity and soilplant-water relations. Other systems (e.g., no tillage with maintenance of grass cover) have been adopted, aiming a multifunctional land use, exploiting nuts, pasture and edible mushrooms. Thus, an experimental trial was installed to assess the effects of such systems on productivity, sustainability and annual net income, as compared with the conventional system, over a six-year period. The treatments were: conventional soil tillage (CT); no tillage with permanent spontaneous herbaceous vegetation cover (NV); no tillage with permanent rainfed seeded pasture cover (NP); and as NP but with irrigation (NIP). Production of nuts, forage and edible mushrooms were measured and sustainability was assessed by production and diversity of fungal sporocarps. Annual net income was estimated by the difference between the annual gross outputs (market values for nuts, forage and edible commercial mushrooms) and the annual input costs. The greatest nut and edible mushroom production and sporocarp biodiversity were achieved in the NIP and NV and the smallest in the CT treatment. The highest annual gross output was estimated for the NV and NIP treatments, whereas the highest annual net income was obtained for the NV. No tillage with maintenance of spontaneous grass cover showed to be the most favourable management system, as it has increased productivity and biodiversity.

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Soils and Climatic Characteristic of Chestnut Stands That Differ on the Presence of the Ink Disease

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of the Spread of Chestnut Ink Disease From 1995 to 2005 Using Aerial Photography and Geostatistical Methods

Assessment of the Spread of Chestnut Ink Disease From 1995 to 2005 Using Aerial Photography and Geostatistical Methods

Temporal Analysis of Sweet Chestnut Decline in Northeastern Portugal Using Geostatistical Tools

Management of chestnut plantations for a multifunctional land use under Mediterranean conditions: effects on productivity and sustainability

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