Soils and climate change

Smith, Pete

doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2012.06.005

Cited by 203 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Overall global increases in SOC by 2100 have been reported by Lucht et al (2006), Yurova et al (2010), and Gottschalk et al (2012), with the magnitude of increase depending on the global climate model and emission scenario. In contrast, however, Jones et al (2005) reported a decrease in global SOC by the end of the century, as did Smith (2012) and Ito (2005) for at least some global climate model and emission scenarios. All studies demonstrate large variations in both the direction and the extent of SOC change over different regions of the globe, even with the same climate model.…”

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confidence: 85%

Change in Soil Organic Carbon Stocks under 12 Climate Change Projections over New South Wales, Australia

Gray

Bishop

2016

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Digital soil mapping (DsM) techniques combined with space-for-time substitution (sFTs) processes were used to map and examine soil organic carbon (sOC) changes caused by projected climate change over New south Wales, Australia until ~2070. Twelve projections were derived from four global climate models downscaled with three regional climate models. A marked variation in the direction and magnitude of sOC change was demonstrated with the different projections. Mean state-wide predictions (0-30 cm depth) ranged between 2.9 Mg ha -1 gain and 8.7 Mg ha -1 sOC loss. Greater consistency among climate change projections is required before we can confidently predict sOC changes. By using averaged results from the 12 projections, broad trends were revealed for the change in sOC over two intervals (0-30 and 30-100 cm). A mean loss rate of 2.0 Mg ha -1 for the upper interval was demonstrated and a total loss of 737 Tg of CO 2 equivalent for the entire depth to 100 cm but the 95% confidence interval was wide. Although changes are primarily controlled by the balance between changing temperatures and rainfall, the extent of change also depends on the environmental regime, with differing changes demonstrated over 36 current climate-parent material-land use combinations (e.g., projected mean sOC decline is <1 Mg ha -1 for dryhighly siliceous-cropping but >15 Mg ha -1 for wet-mafic-native vegetation C limate change will impact on many aspects of the global environment and civilization generally, with changes in our soil resources being one important yet not widely understood consequence. Changes in key soil properties such as SOC content will influence agricultural productivity and our ability to feed and support the growing world population. Native ecosystems will be impacted, with modifications to species distribution and abundance at local, regional, and national scales. Changes in the potential of soils to sequester C or release it to the atmosphere are crucial for climate change modeling and mitigation strategies (Lal et al., 2007;Baldock et al., 2012).Although there has been widespread work on the relationship of climate to soils, dating back to the pioneering work of Dokuchaev in 1899 (Dokuchaev, 1967 transliteration) andJenny (1941) Core Ideas• Potential changes in soil organic C to 2070 mapped (100-m grid) and examined.• The direction and magnitude of change varied between the 12 climate projections.• Differing changes revealed for 36 current climate-parent material-land use regimes.• Digital soil mapping-space-for-time substitution is useful for climate change study

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confidence: 85%

Change in Soil Organic Carbon Stocks under 12 Climate Change Projections over New South Wales, Australia

Gray

Bishop

2016

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…Cumulatively since the pre-agricultural era, soils have lost 150 to 330 Gt CO 2 globally because of cultivation and disturbance (Smith, 2012). This is largely an effect of LUCs and poor management methods in agriculture.…”

Section: Soil Carbon Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An LCA researcher's wish list – data and emission models needed to improve LCA studies of animal production

Cederberg

Henriksson

Berglund

2013

Animal

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The last decade has seen an increase in environmental systems analysis of livestock production, resulting in a significant number of studies with a holistic approach often based on life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The growing public interest in global warming has added to this development; guidelines for carbon footprint (CF) accounting have been developed, including for greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting of animal products. Here we give an overview of methods for estimating GHG emissions, with emphasis on nitrous oxide, methane and carbon from land use change, presently used in LCA/CF studies of animal products. We discuss where methods and data availability for GHGs and nitrogen (N) compounds most urgently need to be improved in order to produce more accurate environmental assessments of livestock production. We conclude that the top priority is to improve models for N fluxes and emissions from soils and to implement soil carbon change models in LCA/CF studies of animal products. We also point at the need for more farm data and studies measuring emissions from soils, manure and livestock in developing countries.

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“…However, there are major economic and policy challenges that must be addressed to harness the potential of soils to mitigate climate change (Lal et al 2003;Alexander et al 2015;Paustian et al 2016;Lal 2016a (Lal 1999); taking aggressive steps to move C out of the atmosphere and into healthy soils will help the agricultural sector feed a growing population, buffer against climate change impacts, and contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation (Smith 2012). Enhancing SOC stocks will improve infiltration and soil water holding capacity as precipitation events become more intense and regions like California are subject to intense droughts.…”

Section: Soil Carbon Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil carbon sequestration potential of US croplands and grasslands: Implementing the 4 per Thousand Initiative

Chambers¹,

Lal²,

Paustian³

2016

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

116

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Soils and climate change

Cited by 203 publications

References 31 publications

Change in Soil Organic Carbon Stocks under 12 Climate Change Projections over New South Wales, Australia

Change in Soil Organic Carbon Stocks under 12 Climate Change Projections over New South Wales, Australia

An LCA researcher's wish list – data and emission models needed to improve LCA studies of animal production

Soil carbon sequestration potential of US croplands and grasslands: Implementing the 4 per Thousand Initiative

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