Soil weathering analysis using a portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometer in an Inceptisol from the Brazilian Cerrado

Silva, Sérgio Henrique Godinho; Hartemink, Alfred E.; Teixeira, Anita Fernanda dos Santos; Inda, Alberto Vasconcellos; Guilherme, Luiz Roberto Guimarães; Curi, Nilton

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2018.05.028

Cited by 56 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Mancini et al (2019) found SiO 2 contents for Typic Dystrustepts and Typic Ustorthents ranging from 40 to 50% for hematitic phyllite and 40 and 45% for goethitic phyllite. Silva et al (2018a) identified variation from 5.7 to 19.9% for SiO 2 concentrations in an Inceptisol profile developed from phyllite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The low Fe contents are a reflection of the low content of ferromagnesian minerals in the quartzite such as pyroxene, amphibole, and biotite (Araujo et al, 2014). Silva et al (2018a) identified variation from 2.5 to 7.4% for Fe concentrations in an Inceptisol profile developed from phyllite. Higher SiO 2 contents and lower Fe contents reflect the difference between the mineralogy of quartzite and phyllite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, this equipment allows for fast, low cost, environmentally friendly, and in‐field identification and quantification of several elements from the periodic table (Weindorf et al, 2014; Stockmann et al, 2016; Ribeiro et al, 2017). It has proven useful for investigations related to soil genesis and horizon variability (Stockmann et al, 2016; Weindorf et al, 2012a, 2012b; Silva et al, 2018a, Sharma et al, 2014, 2015; Zhu et al, 2011), parent material spatial variability (Mancini et al, 2019), soil property prediction and mapping (Silva et al, 2017; Duda et al, 2017; Pelegrino et al, 2018), and for other pedological and environmental studies (Rouillon and Taylor, 2016; Silva et al, 2018b; Suh et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Tropical Soil Toposequence Characterization via pXRF Spectrometry

Silva¹,

Weindorf

Silva³

et al. 2019

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Variability of elemental composition in a toposequence of quartzite‐derived soils in a tropical environment was evaluated via portable x‐ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry. The toposequence featured different degrees of weathering and variable soil formation processes. Specifically, this study aimed to: (i) use elemental composition obtained through pXRF as a tool to investigate the degrees of weathering–leaching and pedogenic processes; and (ii) correlate elemental data with physicochemical properties of soils. Four soil profiles (Lithic Ustorthent, Typic Ustorthent, Typic Dystrudept, and Xanthic Hapludox) were described and sampled. Laboratory analysis for soil physicochemical characterization and pXRF were performed. Soils featured high contents of SiO2 due to the predominance of quartz in the rock. However, pXRF analysis revealed that the soils showed a decrease in such content with depth. Potassium contents tended to be greater in the C horizons since they are less weathered and retained greater amounts of K‐bearing minerals, such as muscovite. Al, Fe, Ca, Ti, Cu, and Sr increased their contents with increasing clay content in soils, while Zr generally remained stable. Ba was leached out of soils during weathering. Both CaO and Sr were positively correlated with exchangeable contents of Ca2+ and Mg2+, base saturation, pH, and cation exchange capacity, while inversely correlated to Al3+ saturation. Fe, Al, Ti, Ca, K, Cu, Rb, and Zr accumulated in soil in comparison with the parent material. Variability of elemental contents in soils with differential degrees of weathering–leaching can be easily accessed with pXRF and such data correlate well with several soil physicochemical properties. Core Ideas Toposequence of quartzite‐derived soils variability assessed by pXRF. Soils presented varying weathering degrees, from Entisols to Oxisols. pXRF elemental data correlated well with soil physical and chemical properties. Soil mineralogy and pXRF data elucidated soils variability with weathering. Al, Fe, Ca, Ti, Cu, and Sr increased with increasing clay content.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tropical Soil Toposequence Characterization via pXRF Spectrometry

Silva¹,

Weindorf

Silva³

et al. 2019

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…Researchers are increasingly using hand‐held portable X‐ray fluorescence (pXRF) instruments in the field and laboratory (Chakraborty et al., ; Stockmann, Cattle, Minasny, & McBratney, ), with soils and Quaternary sediments being common targets for such analyses (e.g., Jacobs & Davis, ; Mancini, Weindorf, & Chakraborty, ; Silva et al., ). Numerous studies have demonstrated that pXRF measurements correlate well with data obtained using conventional methods, such as bench‐top XRF (Hunt & Speakman, ), or from various acid digestion (Schneider et al., ) or wet chemistry techniques (Sarala, ), followed by analysis of the extracts using inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (Booth et al., ; Lubos, Dreibrodt, & Bahr, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For soil investigations, some studies have obtained data by placing the instrument directly onto a field‐moist core or profile face (e.g., Ribeiro, Silva, Silva, & Guilherma, ; Stockmann et al., ; Silva et al., 2018). Samples returned to the laboratory are also sometimes scanned while they are field moist, although at this point most researchers dry, disaggregate, and/or sieve the samples before treatment or measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of sample preparation methods for characterizing the geochemistry of soils and sediments by portable X‐ray fluorescence

Goff

Schaetzl

Chakraborty

et al. 2020

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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We examined the impact of three different sample preparation methods on bulk soil geochemistry data obtained from a hand‐held, portable X‐ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer. We generated data from a soil core recovered from the surface, downward into unaltered loess, and into a buried soil at a site in eastern Iowa. Samples were scanned (i) directly from field‐moist soil cores; (ii) after drying, grinding, and being loosely massed in plastic cups; and (iii) as pressed‐powder pellets. Data derived using these methods were compared with data obtained from a standard benchtop X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) unit. Generally, the results indicated that data from pressed powder pellets often provide the best correlation to benchtop XRF data, although the results were sometimes element or compound specific. Calcium oxide, Fe2O3, and K2O generally provided the strongest correlations between pXRF‐ and XRF‐reported values; SiO2 data were more problematic. Field‐moist pXRF scans generally underestimated element concentrations, but the correlations between pXRF and benchtop XRF measurements were greatly improved after applying pXRF‐derived calibration standards. In summary, although element/compound data provided by pXRF showed significant relationships to benchtop XRF data, the results are improved with proper sample preparation (i.e., drying, grinding, pressing) and usually by calibrating the pXRF data against known standards.

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The formation and evolution of Al‐rich protoliths in the southern Ribeira belt, Brazil: Insights from remnants of a Precambrian paleoweathering surface

Santos,

Fedalto,

Bahniuk

et al. 2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Bauxitic clays, clayey bauxites and bauxites are residual products formed from the weathering of aluminosilicate‐rich parent rocks under wet and warm conditions. These deposits show a complex interplay between remobilisation of pre‐existing kaolinitic soils and depositional micro‐environments.In the southern Ribeira belt, Brazil, a paleoweathering surface developed on the continental shelf of the Capiru Group passive margin strata and on its basement/source rocks. This weathering cycle gave rise to a paleosol profile on the continental domain and a karstic paleotopography on the emerged carbonate shelf. The surface and karstic nets were later caped and filled with Al‐rich materials, typical of remobilised soils, bauxitic clays, clayey bauxites and pods of karst‐type bauxites.The age of the disconformity is Pre‐Brazilian/Pan‐African, implying a Neoproterozoic age for the weathering surface. In this study, we investigate the relationship among disconformities, paleosols and karst topography to better understand the stratigraphic control, chemical composition and mineralogy of the Al‐rich materials. We interpret this horizon as the remnants of a (meta‐)paleoweathering surface that can serve as a valuable key bed for stratigraphic correlation and paleogeographic reconstructions.We propose that the triggering process for the genesis of the paleosol profiles, bauxitic material and bauxite pods was a coupled mechanism between favourable climate and uplift along the northern margin of the Curitiba–Angola craton, creating a karstic topography that allowed the down‐plain transport of Al‐rich materials. In a later stage, these deposits were metamorphosed, developing a series of Al silicates in unusual paragenesis, typical of Al‐rich protoliths.The presence of these paragenesis, along with the recognition of the disconformity–paleoweathering surface pair, could be a useful tool to understand the paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic evolution of highly deformed terrains.

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Soil weathering analysis using a portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometer in an Inceptisol from the Brazilian Cerrado

Cited by 56 publications

References 40 publications

Tropical Soil Toposequence Characterization via pXRF Spectrometry

Tropical Soil Toposequence Characterization via pXRF Spectrometry

Impact of sample preparation methods for characterizing the geochemistry of soils and sediments by portable X‐ray fluorescence

The formation and evolution of Al‐rich protoliths in the southern Ribeira belt, Brazil: Insights from remnants of a Precambrian paleoweathering surface

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