Soil Water Regime in Space and Time in a Small Georgia Piedmont Catchment under Pasture

Endale, Dinku M.; Fisher, Daniel K.; Schomberg, Harry H.

doi:10.2136/sssaj2005.0106

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Most of the measurements were conducted for the upper horizons that originated mostly from loess. The upper horizons probably conduct most of the water through the soil and across the slope, as found by other researchers (Endale et al, 2006; Needelman et al, 2004). The fact that soil depth seemed to be a major and consistent driver of measured K sat differences (compared with measurement methods and slope position) within small catchments, and when combined with similarities in mean measured K sat between land uses and soils and with the representativeness of forest or pasture land uses and soils to larger watersheds, allowed the K sat upscaling from the small catchment to the larger watershed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Soil Systems for Upscaling Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity for Hydrological Modeling in the Critical Zone

Libohova

Schoeneberger

Bowling

et al. 2018

Vadose Zone Journal

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Successful hydrological model predictions depend on appropriate framing of scale and the spatial-temporal accuracy of input parameters describing soil hydraulic properties. Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity (K sat ) is one of the most important properties influencing water movement through soil under saturated conditions. It is also one of the most expensive to measure and is highly variable. The objectives of this research were (i) to assess the ability of Amoozemeters, wells, piezometers, and flumes to accurately represent K sat at a small catchment scale and (ii) to extrapolate K sat to a larger watershed based on available soil data and soil landscape models for simulating streamflow using the Distributed Hydrological Soil Vegetation Model. The mean K sat between Amoozemeters, wells, and flumes varied from 2.4 to 4.9 ´ 10 −7 m s −1 , and differences were not significant. Mixed trends in mean K sat for slope positions and soil series were observed. The strongest significant and consistent trend in mean K sat was observed for soil depth. The mean K sat decreased exponentially with depth, from 6.51 ´ 10 6 m s −1 for upper horizons to 2.37 ´ 10 −7 m s −1 for bottom horizons. Recognizing the significantly decreasing trend of K sat with soil depth and the lack of consistent trends between soils and slope positions for small catchments, K sat values were extrapolated from the small catchments occurring in Dillon Creek to another large watershed (Hall Creek) based on soil similarity and distribution. The Nash-Sutcliffe model overall efficiency of 0.52 indicated a good performance in simulating streamflows without model calibration. Combining K sat measurement methods in small catchments with an understanding of soil landscapes and soil distribution relationships allowed successful upscaling of localized soil hydraulic properties for streamflow predictions to larger watersheds.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Soil Systems for Upscaling Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity for Hydrological Modeling in the Critical Zone

Libohova

Schoeneberger

Bowling

et al. 2018

Vadose Zone Journal

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“…Th e soils generally have brownish-gray sandy loam to red clay loam surface horizons overlaying red clayey argillic horizons. In W1, the Bt horizon begins less than 35 cm from the surface in the Pacolet but is 35 to 65 cm or deeper from the surface in the Cecil (Endale et al, 2006a). Soil samples taken from the 0-to 15-cm depth from 14 locations in W1 in December 2009 had a pH-water range of 5.6 to 6.5 (mean, 6.1).…”

Section: Experimental Site Soil Weather and Land Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Runoff Water Quality during Drought in a Zero-Order Georgia Piedmont Pasture: Nitrogen and Total Organic Carbon

et al. 2011

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Approximately 11% of the Southern Piedmont (1.8 million ha) is used for pasture and hay production, mostly under low-input management. Few studies have investigated in the region long-term nitrogen and carbon losses in surface runoff, which can be significant. We present 1999 to 2009 hydrologic and water quality data from a rotationally grazed, 7.8-ha, zero-order pasture (W1) near Watkinsville in the Georgia Piedmont. Annual rainfall was 176 to 463 mm below the long-term average (1240 mm) in 7 of the 11 yr. There were 20 runoff events during 86 mo of below-average rainfall (deficit period), compared with 54 events during 46 mo of nondeficit period. Mean event flow-weighted concentration (in mg L) was 0.96 for nitrate-nitrogen (NO-N), 0.97 for ammonium-nitrogen (NH-N), 3.70 for total nitrogen (TN), and 9.12 for total organic carbon (TOC) ( = 43-47; limited due to instrument problem). Nutrient loads (in kg ha per event) averaged 0.04 for NO-N, 0.03 for NH-N, 0.19 for TN, and 0.54 for TOC. Total loads for N and TOC were 6 to 11 times greater from nondeficit than from deficit periods. The observed N concentrations, while well below maximum drinking water standard limits, could pose risk for eutrophication, which can be stimulated at lower concentrations. However, the ability of headwater streams, such as the one downstream of W1, to reduce nutrient concentrations might partially alleviate this concern. The results of this study point to the need to use a long-term dataset that includes measurements made in drought and wet years when evaluating the efficacy of water quality standards.

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“…The suggestion to use the hydrogeophysical surveys for initial zonation needs to be further tested. Differences in soil horizon thickness, topography, shallow ground water, can cause dissimilarity in time series of soil water contents at different locations [150]. Several studies indicate that temporal stability of soil water patterns may be affected by the type of soil water sensor used.…”

Section: Indirect Measurements and Data Fusion To Reveal Soil Structumentioning

confidence: 99%

Promises of hydropedology.

Pachepsky¹,

Giménez²,

Lilly³

et al. 2008

CABI Reviews

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Integrative studies are needed as the response to mounting environmental challenges. The new discipline-hydropedology-has been defined as an intertwined branch of soil science and hydrology that encompasses the multiscale basis and applied research of interactive and hydrologic processes and their properties in the unsaturated zone. This review focuses on the relationship between soil structure and soil hydraulic functions at different scales, which is the distinct focus of hydropedology that makes it a desirable development for its parent disciplines. Status and perspectives are reviewed for revealing relationships between hydrologic functions of soils and soil structure at the aggregate/ped scale, the horizon/pedon scale, the field/hillslope scale and the watershed/basin scale. Transcending scales can be achieved by acknowledging that relationships between soil structure and hydrologic functioning at a particular scale are controlled by such relationships at a finer scale and greatly influenced by those at a coarser scale. Addressing soil hydrologic functioning at societally important scales can be achieved by applying data fusion, pedotransfer relationships, and concurrent use of models. Hydropedology emerges as the logical consequence of the progress in science and as the timely response to society's needs.

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Soil Water Regime in Space and Time in a Small Georgia Piedmont Catchment under Pasture

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Soil Systems for Upscaling Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity for Hydrological Modeling in the Critical Zone

Soil Systems for Upscaling Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity for Hydrological Modeling in the Critical Zone

Runoff Water Quality during Drought in a Zero-Order Georgia Piedmont Pasture: Nitrogen and Total Organic Carbon

Promises of hydropedology.

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