Soil water dynamics in an oak stand

Brda, N.; Granier, André; Barataud, F.; Moyne, Christian

doi:10.1007/bf00020856

Cited by 194 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Figure 2 shows that remains constant for values of REW higher than 0.4. A REW threshold of 0.3-0.4 seems to be a general feature for many tree species, as reported by Bréda et al (1995). The daily curves of and g observed on the measurement days of April are shown in Figure 3.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

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et al. 1997

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Little is known about the strategies used by olive trees to overcome the long dry periods typical of the areas where they are cropped. This makes it difficult to optimize the water supply in orchards. To study the control of water consumption by olive trees, measurements of leaf water potential ( ) and stomatal conductance to H 2 O (g) were made on 26-year-old Manzanillo olive trees under three irrigation treatments. The first treatment provided enough water to cover the crop water demand, the next treatment supplied one third of that rate, and the final treatment was no irrigation at all, typical of dry-farming conditions. Under conditions of high vapour pressure deficit of the air (D ), the olive trees prevented excessive water loss by closing their stomata. Leaves of the current year showed better stomatal control than did the 1-year-old leaves. The upper-bound functional relationships between g and D and photon flux density (I ) were obtained by boundary-line analysis, based on a technique of non-linear least squares. Maximum values of g were observed at relatively low levels of I , from about 500 mol m 2 s 1 , and a proportional decrease in g with increasing D was also found, at least for values of up to approximately 3.5 kPa. Higher values of g were observed in the morning than in the afternoon, for similar levels of I and D . Unirrigated olive trees recovered quickly after the dry season, showing values of and g similar to those of irrigated trees after just two days.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

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et al. 1997

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“…Our findings are in line with a wide variety of studies at various ecosystems showing the effectiveness of forest thinning treatments in controlling water consumption (Bréda et al 1995;McJannet and Vertessy 2001; BA stand stand basal area, LAI leaf area index, BA tree tree basal area, LA tree tree leaf area, BAI tree tree basal area increment, BAI tree Elite tree basal area increment of elite trees, LAE leaf area efficiency, W PD predawn shoot water potential, W PD Elite predawn shoot water potential of elite trees …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Being highly conservative in their water-use strategy (Klein et al 2013), it is likely that during the early phases of the drought season (spring), Pinus halepensis trees were able to control their water use, through partial stomata closure, thus maintaining a relatively homogeneous soil water conditions across thinning treatments. However, as drought became more and more intense, higher inter-tree competition prevailing in the denser plots resulted in increasingly diminished soil water content (Bréda et al 1995;Stone et al 1999). Higher water availability in thinned plots likely reflects changes in water balance components where reduction in total stand transpiration and in rainfall interception outweigh increase in soil surface evaporation and individual tree water uptake (Raz-Yaseef et al 2010;del Campo et al 2014;Gebhardt et al 2014).…”

Section: Water Limitationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Leaf water potential is the amount of pressure applied on the leaf blade (often measured on twigs or shoots) required to force out water through the petiole. When measured before dawn (predawn), it is well accepted as a robust measure of water availability at the plant root-soil interface (Reich and Hinckley 1989;Saha et al 2008) and was shown to be well correlated with relative extractable water (REW) in dry forest soils (i.e., REW \ 40 %, Bréda et al 1995). Measurements began right after thinning conducted every 45 days during 2 years following thinning.…”

Section: Water Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-intensity thinning treatments in mature Pinus halepensis plantations experiencing prolonged drought

Calev

Zoref²,

Tzukerman³

et al. 2016

Eur J Forest Res

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Pinus halepensis plantations are widespread throughout semiarid-subhumid landscapes of the Mediterranean. Recently, drought-induced decline has often been reported raising concerns with regard to the future of these man-made ecosystems. The study was set out to investigate thinning as a means to alleviate water stress and improve performance of mature P. halepensis plantations experiencing prolonged drought. The study was conducted in a 40-year-old P. halepensis forest in the Jerusalem Mountains of Israel (rainfall: 550 mm year -1 ). Declining stands (stand basal area increment, BAI stand & -3 % year -1 ) were treated by thinning: (1) intense thinning-tree density, BA stand , and leaf area index (LAI) reduced by 81, 68, and 59 %, respectively; (2) moderate-56, 48, and 26 %, respectively;(3) control (*560 tree ha -1 ). Plots of 70 9 70 m were used in four replicates. Individual tree-to stand-level variables were monitored during 4 years through stem and leaf area metrics alongside with predawn shoot water potential (w PD ) and tree mortality. Thinning ameliorated drought stress, reduced mortality, and improved individual tree growth (w PD = -1.7, -1.8, and -2.0 MPa; mortality = 0.2, 2, and 5 % year -1 ; BAI tree = 3.4, 2.0, and 1.4 % year -1 in intense, moderate, and control treatments, respectively). Thinning effects became more pronounced with time. LAI and individual tree leaf area (LA tree ) fluctuated with association to annual rainfall. Higher LA tree caused by thinning reflected a ''selection effect'' while increased leaf area efficiency (BAI per unit LA tree ) was attributed to a ''release effect'' of thinning.

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“…The value of S w , where the wilting point is defined as occurring when the soil water potential is −1.5 MPa, has commonly been used to calculate PAW in forest and crop ecosystems. However, some studies have suggested that it would be more realistic to use the lowest soil moisture content at a given depth to define the lower limit of water extraction for drought-adapted plant communities, because these plants can uptake water from soil with a water potential below −1.5 MPa (Bréda et al 1995;Jipp et al 1998;Marin et al 2000;Oliveira et al 2005). In this study, the soil water potential corresponding to the lowest soil water content in the 0-6 m soil profile for C. korshinkii grown in the silt loam soil was between −2 MPa and −3 MPa (estimated from water retention curve).…”

Section: Soil Water Measurementmentioning

confidence: 98%

A comparison of fine root distribution and water consumption of mature Caragana korshinkii Kom grown in two soils in a semiarid region, China

et al. 2008

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Water is a key limiting factor for vegetation restoration in the semi-arid areas of China. Caragana korshinkii Kom is a shrub that is widely planted in this region to control soil erosion and land desertification. The objective of this study was to investigate the fine root distribution of mature C. korshinkii and its water consumption, when grown in either silt loam or sandy soils, in order to understand differences between the water cycles of two such soils found in the transition zone between fertile loess hills and desert of the Northern Loess Plateau. Fine root distributions were measured using the trench-profile method. Soil water dynamics were monitored with a neutron probe during two growing seasons. The results showed that fine root area density (FRAD) declined with increasing soil depth in both soils, with 70.7% and 96.6% of the total fine roots being concentrated in the upper 1-m layer of the silt loam and sandy soils, respectively. Water consumption by C. korshinkii in the silt loam was close to that in the sandy soil. Most water consumption in both soil types was from the upper 1-m layer. Little variation in plant available water (PAW) occurred in the 3-6 m soil layer during the whole study period. However, in this layer, the PAW was significantly lower in the silt loam soil than in the sandy soil. Total actual evapotranspiration (ET a ) was slightly higher from the sandy soil plots than from those of the silt loam soil during both growing seasons. Our study indicated that mature C. korshinkii effectively uses about the same amount of water from either the silt loam or sandy soils, but that more soil water at depth was extracted from silt loam soil than from sandy soil.

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Soil water dynamics in an oak stand

Cited by 194 publications

References 25 publications

Untitled

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High-intensity thinning treatments in mature Pinus halepensis plantations experiencing prolonged drought

A comparison of fine root distribution and water consumption of mature Caragana korshinkii Kom grown in two soils in a semiarid region, China

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