Soil water depletion of peanut subspecies as influenced by water‐use traits and soil water availability

Abstract

Water-deficit stress is responsible for more crop loss than any other abiotic or biotic stress, resulting in many breeding programmes focusing on developing crop cultivars that can produce relatively greater yield under conditions of water limitation (Borém et al., 2012). Inconsistencies in determining water-deficit tolerant crop ideotypes may result from a lack of understanding or quantification of the coordination between above-and below-ground function of physiological traits. One of the most impactful above-ground functional traits influencing crop yield under water-deficit stress is the degree of transpiration reduction under water-deficit stress (Blum, 2009; de Wit, 1958;Passioura, 1996). The ability to maintain transpiration under dehydrating conditions allows for continued assimilation of CO 2 for photosynthesis, which is required for growth processes. However, the ability to maintain transpiration is linked

Genotypic stability in root system architecture and aboveground biomass revealed diverse adaptability of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to moderate water deficit

“…Above and below-ground traits individually have varying roles in providing peanut adaptability to disparate water deficit scenarios (Thangthong et al, 2018). Furthermore, the coordination of above and below-ground traits could be even more critical in maintaining yield under a certain water-stress scenario (Zurweller et al, 2022).…”

“…Above and below‐ground traits individually have varying roles in providing peanut adaptability to disparate water deficit scenarios (Thangthong et al, 2018). Furthermore, the coordination of above and below‐ground traits could be even more critical in maintaining yield under a certain water‐stress scenario (Zurweller et al, 2022). The current greenhouse study investigated the acclimation combinations of above and below‐ground traits of peanut genotypes to intermittent moderate water deficit during mid‐season simulating typical water availability conditions in the southeast U.S., and further evaluated the genotypic differences in four site‐year field experiments.…”

“…Many other studies confirmed that peanut genotypes developing more roots in the deep soil profile had greater pod yield and were more tolerant to water deficit stresses (Jongrungklang et al, 2011(Jongrungklang et al, , 2012Songsri et al, 2008). However, Zurweller et al (2022) pointed out that soil water depletion within the soil profile primarily relied on soil hydraulic condition and was less correlated to root density further documenting that increased root partitioning may not always correspond to relatively greater water use. This could explain the varying correlations between peanut root length density and total water uptake under various water deficit scenarios because the effective water uptake by increasing root partitioning may be genotype-dependent (Ratnakumar & Vadez, 2011).…”

“…Underwater deficit conditions, diverse genotypic variations in RSA and canopy biomass occurred for many crop species (Griffiths & Paul, 2017; Mathew et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2019), including cultivated peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.; Zurweller et al, 2022). These inherent variations potentially enabled peanut genotypes to regulate transpiration flux in response to soil drying (Devi et al, 2009) and vapour pressure deficit (Sinclair et al, 2017), thus increasing water deficit stress resilience.…”