Soil Water and Salt Transport in Severe Saline–Alkali Soil after Ditching under Subsurface Pipe Drainage Conditions

Tian, Feng; Shi, Haibin; Miao, Qingfeng; Li, Ruiping; Duan, Jie; Dou, Xu; Feng, Weiying

doi:10.3390/agriculture13122196

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The lack of isotope data with high temporal resolution along the soil-plant-atmosphere axis and the effects of isotope fractionation complicated our analysis of yellow willow water sources. To increase the accuracy of water source identification, future studies should examine the isotope fractionation mechanisms in yellow willow water sources [49], specifically the differences between various plant tissues and soil layers [50][51][52][53], and consider other models and/or data correction factors. To more precisely record short-term changes in the isotopic compositions of soil, plants, and atmospheric water, high-precision isotope analyzers should be employed with a higher sample frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Absorption Features of Yellow Willow Water Usage on the Southern Edge of the Semi-Arid Hunshandak Sandland in China

Ji,

Jia,

Miao

et al. 2024

Water

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The improvement of water usage efficiency and productivity, as well as the development of effective water management plans, necessitates a comprehensive understanding of how water utilization patterns in different soil layers within arid and semi-arid climates impact the capacity of plant roots to absorb water. However, there is currently no knowledge regarding the water use strategies employed by artificial yellow willow. So, we conducted a study on the hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of rainfall in yellow willow (Salix gordejevii) from the semi-arid region located at the southern edge of the Hunshandak Sandland in China. This study utilized measured data on xylem water, groundwater, soil moisture, and rainfall. By employing a combination of the direct comparison method and the MixSIAR model, we investigated the water uptake strategies employed by yellow willow throughout its growing season. The findings revealed that the mean δ D was highest in precipitation and lowest in groundwater, whereas the mean δ18O was highest in stem water and lowest in groundwater. The δ D and δ18O fluctuated significantly in precipitation but were steady in groundwater. Because precipitation was significantly less than evaporation, the slope and intercept were lower for the local than global atmospheric precipitation line. Water availability steadily declined with increasing depth. Lower δ18O values were caused by precipitation diluting the soil water. The MixSIAR results indicated that the primary source in May, September, and October was utilized at 19%, 18%, and 18%, respectively. In contrast, the utilization rate of each source varied considerably in June, July, and August (the primary source was utilized at 19%, 18%, and 18%, respectively). Comparatively high rates of water absorption and utilization were observed in June (19% of the total water source), July (18%), and August (23%). Therefore, the vertical distribution of the root system and variations in the soil water content regulate water usage for the yellow willow. To prevent excessive water usage and promote ecosystem restoration with artificial yellow willow plantations in water-limited desert settings, policy makers should consider the patterns of plant water use and soil water availability. By selecting drought-adapted plant species and optimizing irrigation management, it is possible to reduce water wastage and ensure that water is used efficiently for revegetation and ecosystem restoration, avoiding overuse of water and maintaining the sustainability of revegetation in water-stressed desert areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Absorption Features of Yellow Willow Water Usage on the Southern Edge of the Semi-Arid Hunshandak Sandland in China

Ji,

Jia,

Miao

et al. 2024

Water

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“…Compared with that in the other vertical soil layers, RL in the 10-20 cm soil layer had a better correlation with yield and WUE (r = 0.847, p < 0.01); in contrast, RL in the 40-50 cm layer showed little or no correlation with yield and WUE. This may be because capillary water remained in the sand layer when the fine sand layer exceeded 35 cm, thus interrupting the hydraulic connection between the layers above and below the sand layer [62][63][64]. Given that roots cannot effectively absorb soil moisture below the sand layer, the growth of deep roots may not significantly increase maize yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Water Conservation and Nitrogen Reduction on Root Growth and Yield in Spring Maize in Typical Sand Interlayered Soil

Sun,

Shi,

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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Given the low water and fertiliser use efficiency and the extensive distribution of sand interlayered soil in the Hetao irrigation district (HID), this study aimed to investigate the effects of different irrigation and fertilisation regimes on root parameters and yield in spring maize grown in sand interlayered soil. A two-year field plot experiment was conducted using the spring maize “Ximeng 3358” under three irrigation and nitrogen levels. Root length (RL), surface area (RS), diameter (RD), volume (RV), and length density (RLD), grain yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) were examined. Root growth was inhibited at the sand layer, with approximately 72.46–87.37% of the roots concentrated in the 0–40 cm soil layer. Notably, the proportion of roots in the bottom layer was 24.61–87.37% higher than that in the sub-bottom layer. Moreover, RL, RS, RD, and RV peaked in the medium irrigation and nitrogen fertilisation (I2F2) treatment. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that the root parameters were significantly positively correlated with yield and WUE, with RS being most correlated to yield and WUE. Roots at a narrow row spacing of 20 cm (NR20) and at a depth of 10–20 cm were strongly correlated with yield and WUE. Conclusively, the I2F2 treatment can be used as the optimal combination of water and nitrogen for sand interlayered soil farmlands.

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“…Unlike ordinary cultivated soils, coastal saline soils usually have characteristics such as high salt content, dense structure, and poor permeability and fertility that need to be improved before being utilized. Irrigation, drainage, and fertilization are the main Water 2024, 16, 1144 2 of 14 methods for improving coastal saline soils, and subsurface drainage and organic fertilizer application are the measures chosen by many countries and regions for improving coastal saline soils [5][6][7]. The principle of subsurface drainage is to dissolve soluble soil salts by rainfall or irrigation water and then discharge them through subsurface pipes to reduce soil salinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Subsurface Drainage Spacing and Organic Fertilizer Application on Alfalfa Yield, Quality, and Coastal Saline Soil

Zhang,

Wang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Water

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Subsurface drainage and organic fertilizer application are two important measures for improving saline–alkali soils, while the effects of different drainage spacings combined with organic fertilizer application amounts on alfalfa growth and coastal saline soil properties have seldom been evaluated. This study designed subsurface drainage pipes at four spacing distances, including 0 m (CK, without subsurface drainage), 6 m (S1), 12 m (S2), and 18 m (S3), and three organic fertilizer application amounts, including 3000 kg/ha (N1), 4500 kg/ha (N2), and 6000 kg/ha (N3), to observe the effects of different combinations of subsurface pipe spacings and organic fertilization amounts on alfalfa yield, quality, soil salinity, and nutrients. The results showed that the yield of alfalfa increased with higher fertilization amounts and smaller spacing between drainage pipes. The highest yield occurred in the S1N3 treatment, and the three batches reached 1268.5 kg/ha, 3168.0 kg/ha, and 2613.3 kg/ha, respectively, significantly (p < 0.05) higher than CK for all three batches. The increase in organic fertilizer amount resulted in an increase of 0.5–9.3% in the crude protein content, a decrease of 1.8–3.4% in the neutral detergent fiber content, and a decrease of 1.3–5.5% in the acid detergent fiber content for alfalfa plants. Under CK, the contents of quality indicators in alfalfa were the highest. For the drainage treatments, the quality indicator contents were overall at a higher level under S3. Subsurface drainage had a reduction effect on the salinity of all the 0–80 cm soils. For the surface soil, it was detected that smaller spacing was beneficial for reducing soil salt content, while higher fertilization amounts increased the salt content. S1 reduced the soil salt content by 36.3–46.1% compared to CK; however, N3 increased the salt content by 7.0–16.2% compared to the other two fertilization treatments. In addition, smaller spacing between the subsurface drainage pipes generally reduced the soil’s available nitrogen, and total nitrogen increased the C/N ratio but had no significant effect on the organic matter. It was concluded that the spacing between subsurface drainage pipes and the application amounts of organic fertilizer have remarkable impacts on alfalfa yield and quality, mainly by changing the soil salinity and nutrient status.

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Soil Water and Salt Transport in Severe Saline–Alkali Soil after Ditching under Subsurface Pipe Drainage Conditions

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Spatiotemporal Absorption Features of Yellow Willow Water Usage on the Southern Edge of the Semi-Arid Hunshandak Sandland in China

Spatiotemporal Absorption Features of Yellow Willow Water Usage on the Southern Edge of the Semi-Arid Hunshandak Sandland in China

Effect of Water Conservation and Nitrogen Reduction on Root Growth and Yield in Spring Maize in Typical Sand Interlayered Soil

Effects of Subsurface Drainage Spacing and Organic Fertilizer Application on Alfalfa Yield, Quality, and Coastal Saline Soil

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