Soil-to-plant halogens transfer studies

Transfers of Iodine in the Soil–Plant–Air System

“…This is confirmed by the findings of Kashparov et al (2005) who undertook field studies to determine the downward migration of 125 I applied to the arable layer of a range of Russian soils (Figure 11.5). It is further evident that a boundary between anoxic and oxic soil (e.g., between groundwatersaturated soil at depth and surface soil above) represents a barrier to iodine migration.…”

“…For example, (radio) chlorine TFs (from soil to perennial ryegrass) of up to 785 were recorded by Ashworth and Shaw (2006b). Kashparov et al (2005) found 125 I TFs of 0.01-0.03 for radish roots and lettuce leaves, 0.003-0.004 for bean pods and 0.001 for wheat grains in podzoluvisol soil. The IAEA (1994) compendium of TFs "expected" values of 3.4  10 3 for grass (95% confidence range of 3.4  10 4 to 3.4  10 2 ) and 2  10 2 for an unspecified crop.…”

Cl-36 transfer to ryegrass and consequences for environmental modeling

“…Colle et al [3] reported even higher values, "60% of the contamination was extracted from the soils by the plants after one vegetative period." Other investigators have recorded similar results, showing that 36Cl is both highly mobile, and highly bioavailable [2,4,7,11]. Chloride has traditionally been considered to be chemically inert and to behave conservatively in soil with very low sorption values, but recent research suggests that chloride participates in a complex biogeochemical cycle that forms and mineralizes organically bound chlorine [8,9].…”

Fate of long-lived radioactive halogens, (36Cl,129I), in agricultural ecosystems: Field investigations

“…An experimental site has been established in spring 2000 along the western radioactive fallout area of the Chernobyl accident in a restricted territory that would not be used in the future due to its high contamination by long-lived radionuclides [1]. It measures 20x20 m and is surrounded by a 1.5 m high fence to prevent wild animals intrusion.…”