Soil solarization and weed management.

Cohen, Oded; Rubin, Baruch; Upadhyaya, Mahesh K.; Blackshaw, R.E.

doi:10.1079/9781845932909.0177

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Seeds are the most highly resistant organs of plants, and preventing their germination from the seedbank impedes a species’ recruitment of individuals, and thus its persistence in a community (Regan et al 2006; Richardson and Kluge 2008), yet this factor is often underestimated. A possible method for inhibition of invasive plant seed germination is the extraction of contaminated soils, which is not without risk due to possible contamination during transport, followed by soil solarization, which involves a range of constraints, such as suitable weather conditions, setting land aside, and duration of treatment, and is often not wholly effective (Cohen and Rubin 2007). An alternative option for depleting the invasive seedbank is to limit seed production by implementing a control method (e.g., herbicides, fire; Richardson and Kluge 2008) immediately after seedling emergence, either by promoting seedbank emergence (e.g., by soil tillage and/or irrigation; Benvenuti and Macchia 2006) or by exploiting the difference in germination phenology, if it exists, between native and alien species (Marushia et al 2010; Wolkovich and Cleland 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Using Microwave Soil Heating to Inhibit Invasive Species Seed Germination

Wilde

Buisson

Yavercovski

et al. 2017

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Successful invasive plant eradication is rare, because the methods used target the adult stage, not taking into account the development capacity of a large seedbank. Heating by microwave was considered, because it offers a means to quickly reach the temperature required for loss of seed viability and inhibition of germination. Previous results were not encouraging, because homogeneous and deep-wave penetration was not achieved, and the various parameters that can affect treatment effectiveness were incompletely addressed. This study aimed to determine, under experimental conditions, the best microwave treatment to inhibit invasive species seed germination in terms of power (2, 4, 6 kW) and duration (2, 4, 8 min) of treatments and depending on soil moisture (10%, 13%, 20%, 30%) and seed burial depth (2, 12 cm). Three invasive species were tested: Bohemian knotweed, giant goldenrod, and jimsonweed. The most effective treatments required relatively high power and duration (2kW8min, 4kW4min, 6kW2min, and 6kW4min; 4kW8min and 6kW8min were not tested for technical reasons), and their effectiveness diminished with increasing soil moisture with germination percentage between 0% and 2% for the lowest soil moisture, 0% and 56% for intermediate soil moisture, and 27% and 68% in control treatments. For the highest soil moisture, only 2kW8min and 4kW4min reduced germination percentage between 2% and 19%. Occasionally, germination of seeds located at the 12-cm depth was more strongly affected. Giant goldenrod seeds were the most sensitive, probably due to their small size. Results are promising and justify further experiments before developing a field microwave device to treat large volumes of soil infested by invasive seed efficiently and with reasonable energy requirements. Other types of soil, in terms of texture and organic matter content, should be tested in future experiments, because these factors influence soil water content and, consequently, microwave heating.

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confidence: 99%

Using Microwave Soil Heating to Inhibit Invasive Species Seed Germination

Wilde

Buisson

Yavercovski

et al. 2017

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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“…The spectrum of controlled weeds includes species of winter and summer annual weeds (Elmore, 1991;Cohen & Rubin, 2007). A parasitic weed of the genus Orobanchae was controlled by solarization, (Jacobsohn et al, 1980;Abdel Rahim et al, 1988).…”

Section: Pathogen and Weed Control 103mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, some annual weeds, such as Melilotus sulcatus Desf., are not controlled by solarization (Cohen & Rubin, 2007).…”

Section: Pathogen and Weed Control 103mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Plant Disease through Soil Solarization

Gamliel

Katan

2009

Disease Control in Crops

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“…Soil moisture, which is usually acquired by irrigation, is necessary for heat penetration into the deep soil layers and to increase the sensitivity of organisms to the thermal effect. With respect to weed seeds, soil solarization can induce seed bank deterioration through three processes: 1. breaking dormancy which results in seed germination; 2. seed mortality; 3. weakening effect, i.e reduced seed vigor which results in non-normal germination and vulnerability to biotic stresses (Katan 2003;Cohen and Rubin 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil solarization based on natural soil moisture: a practical approach for reducing the seed bank of invasive plants in wetlands

Cohen¹,

Gamliel²,

Katan³

et al. 2019

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Soil solarization is a well-established method to disinfect soil for efficient weed control. However, the feasibility of applying this method in the restoration of invaded natural habitats is unclear. This is because soil moisture is necessary for the success of solarization, but pre-irrigation in natural ecosystems is often not applicable, or demands high labor investment, making it unsuitable for use in restoration. The present study was based on the idea that the relatively high soil moisture in wetlands might obviate the need for pre-irrigation, rendering this method much more applicable in natural habitats. We examined the efficacy of soil solarization using natural soil moisture to control the seed bank of the invasive plant, Acacia saligna, in a wetland, using large-scale experimental plots (0.38 ha each). An old, dense A. saligna grove was cut down and the roots were removed by a bulldozer. The plot was mulched with a transparent polyethylene sheet in early July and left on the soil for 14 weeks. Soil solarization significantly reduced the viability of seeds of A. saligna that had been experimentally buried. Additionally, viability of seeds in the natural seed bank was reduced, and seedling emergence was close to zero. Exposing seeds to soil temperature and soil moisture levels equivalent to those obtained during field soil solarization under controlled conditions significantly increased the release from dormancy of the seeds, suggesting that release from dormancy during the early stage of solarization is a critical stage leading to seed weakening or mortality in the soil. Soil solarization also decreased the cover and abundance of the natural vegetation; therefore, active revegetation is required to restore the natural vegetation and to conserve endangered and endemic species.

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Soil solarization and weed management.

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Using Microwave Soil Heating to Inhibit Invasive Species Seed Germination

Using Microwave Soil Heating to Inhibit Invasive Species Seed Germination

Control of Plant Disease through Soil Solarization

Soil solarization based on natural soil moisture: a practical approach for reducing the seed bank of invasive plants in wetlands

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