Soil Science

Rowell, David

doi:10.4324/9781315844855

Cited by 176 publications

(97 citation statements)

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“…The first, used for casts, where material available was limited, was based on the MicroResp procedure [29], using a BioTek ELx808 plate reader (BioTek Instruments, Inc, Swindon, UK) to monitor pH change (phenol red indicator) due to increasing dissolved CO 2 . The second method for soil aggregates was based on a static alkali trap procedure [30].…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated CO2 and Tree Species Affect Microbial Activity and Associated Aggregate Stability in Soil Amended with Litter

Al-Maliki

Jones

Godbold

et al. 2017

Forests

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(1) Elevated atmospheric CO 2 (eCO 2 ) may affect organic inputs to woodland soils with potential consequences for C dynamics and associated aggregation; (2) The Bangor Free Air Concentration Enrichment experiment compared ambient (330 ppmv) and elevated (550 ppmv) CO 2 regimes over four growing seasons (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) under Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula and Fagus sylvatica. Litter from the experiment (autumn 2008) and Lumbricus terrestris were added to mesocosm soils. Microbial properties and aggregate stability were investigated in soil and earthworm casts. Soils taken from the field experiment in spring 2009 were also investigated; (3) eCO 2 litter had lower N and higher C:N ratios. F. sylvatica and B. pendula litter had lower N and P than A. glutinosa; F. sylvatica had higher cellulose. In mesocosms, eCO 2 litter decreased respiration, mineralization constant (respired C:total organic C) and soluble carbon in soil but not earthworm casts; microbial-C and fungal hyphal length differed by species (A. glutinosa = B. pendula > F. sylvatica) not CO 2 regime. eCO 2 increased respiration in field aggregates but increased stability only under F. sylvatica; (4) Lower litter quality under eCO 2 may restrict its initial decomposition, affecting C stabilization in aggregates. Later resistant materials may support microbial activity and increase aggregate stability. In woodland, C and soil aggregation dynamics may alter under eCO 2 , but outcomes may be influenced by tree species and earthworm activity.

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Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated CO2 and Tree Species Affect Microbial Activity and Associated Aggregate Stability in Soil Amended with Litter

Al-Maliki

Jones

Godbold

et al. 2017

Forests

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“…La distribución granulométrica se realizó empleando la metodología propuesta por el Departamento de Agricultura de los Estados Unidos (Black et al, 1965). La curva de retención de humedad del suelo, θ (h), se determinó combinando el método de la evaporación (Peters y Durner, 2008) con el método del extractor de presión (Rowell, 2014). El método de la evaporación se utilizó para determinar la retención de humedad en la zona húmeda de la curva (succiones entre 0 y 0.6 bar).…”

Section: Materiales Y Métodos Propiedades Del Suelo Utilizadounclassified

Evaluación del método activo para determinar contenidos de humedad en suelos

2017

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RESUMENEn los últimos años las mediciones distribuidas de temperaturas con cables de fibra óptica (FO-DTS) se han utilizado con éxito para investigar una amplia gama de procesos hidrológicos. En particular, con la tecnología FO-DTS se han desarrollado dos métodos para monitorear el contenido de humedad volumétrico en suelos (θ): el método pasivo y el método activo. Este trabajo presenta una evaluación del método activo para determinar el θ de un suelo arenoso. En este método, se utilizan cables de fibra óptica con elementos metálicos, donde se aplica una diferencia de voltaje entre sus extremos para calentarlo durante un período de tiempo determinado. Luego, se utiliza una relación empírica para relacionar el θ con un parámetro denominado temperatura acumulada (T cum ). Para aplicar el método activo se propuso una relación potencial definida por tramos, la cual depende de las propiedades hidrodinámicas del suelo estudiado. Distintos experimentos fueron realizados para evaluar el método activo. Estos experimentos tuvieron distintas duraciones del pulso de calor (2, 5, 10 y 20 min con potencias eléctricas de 2.1, 2.6, 2.3 y 2.4 W/m, respectivamente), y permitieron determinar la duración óptima del pulso de calor (t f ), el tiempo de integración óptimo (∆t), el tiempo final óptimo de integración (t 0 ) utilizado en el cálculo de la temperatura acumulada, y la corriente óptima (I) que debe circular por el cable de fibra óptica para generar el pulso de calor. Los resultados revelan que los parámetros óptimos son: t f = 1200 s, ∆t = 150 s, t 0 = t f , e I ≈ 17 A (2.4 W/m). Este análisis permitió obtener contenidos de humedad que van desde 0.14 hasta 0.46 m 3 /m 3 , con errores menores que 0.08 m 3 /m 3 .Palabras clave | mediciones distribuidas de temperatura con cables de fibra óptica (FO-DTS); método activo; contenido de humedad volumétrico. ABSTRACT

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“…ESP values in some soil horizons were higher compared to other soils in Slovenia where the share of sodium ions on adsorption complex is less than 1 % (Prus, 2007). However negative effects on soil structure are less probable; ESP below 10 % or SAR below 13 % does not pose a risk to soil structure (Brady and Weil, 2002;Rowell, 1994). Additional protection for the soil structure was probably provided by high content of Ca 2+ ions in the soil.…”

Section: Soil Salinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil of the lower valley of the Dragonja river (Slovenia)

Prus

Zupančič²,

Grčman

2015

AAS

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Acta agriculturae Slovenica, 105 -1, marec 2015 str. 61 -72 COBISS Code 1.01 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2015.105.1.07 Agrovoc descriptors: rivers, alluvial soils, cambisols, soil types, sedimentation, soil classification, soil salinity, site factors, chemicophysical properties Agris category code: p32Soil of the lower valley of the Dragonja river (Slovenia) ABSTRACTSoil of the lower valley of the river Dragonja developed under specific soil-forming factors. Soil development in the area was influenced by alluvial sediments originating from surrounding hills, mostly of flysch sequence rocks, as a parent material, Sub-Mediterranean climate and the vicinity of the sea. Different soil classification units (Gleysol and Fluvisol) were proposed for that soil in previous researches. The aim of our study was the evaluation of morphological, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of soil, based on detailed soil description and analyses, and to define the appropriate soil classification units. Field examinations revealed that the soil had a stable blocky or subangular structure and did not express substantial hydromorphic forms. Soil pH value was ranging from 6.9 to 7.5. In most locations electroconductivity (ECe) did not exceed 2 ds/m. Base saturation was high (up to 99 %), with a majority of Ca 2+ ions. Exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) was ranging from 0.2 to 3.8 %, which is higher compared to other Slovenian soils but does not pose a risk to soil structure. Soil has silty clay loam texture with up to 66 % of silt. Prevailing minerals were quartz, calcite and muscovite/illite. No presence of swelling clay mineral montmorillonite was detected. According to Slovenian soil classification, we classified the examined soil as alluvial soil. According to WRB soil classification, the soil was classified as Cambisol.Key words: soil classification, soil properties, mineralogical characteristics, salinity IZVLEČEK TLA SPODNJEGA DELA DOLINE REKE DRAGONJE (SLOVENIJA)Tla spodnjega dela doline reke Dragonje so se razvila pod vplivom specifičnih tlotvornih dejavnikov. Rečni sediment iz kamnin flišnega porekla kot matična podlaga, submediteransko podnebje in prisotnost morja so vplivali na razvoj tal. Predhodne raziskave tal na tem območju so tla različno poimenovale; uvrščale so jih bodisi med oglejena bodisi obrečna tla. Namen naše raziskave je bil na osnovi natančnega opisa morfoloških latnosti tal in kemičnih ter mineraloških analiz podati predlog poimenovanja tal. Ugotovili smo, da imajo tla obstojno poliedrično ali oreškasto strukturo in ne izkazujejo intenzivnih hidromorfnih oblik. pH je od 6.9 do 7.5. Na večini vzorčnih mest elektrokonduktivnost nasičenega vzorca tal ne presega 2 ds/m. Zasičenost z bazami je visoka (do 99 %), prevladujejo kalcijevi ioni. Izmenljivi delež Na je od 0.2 to 3.8 %. Tekstura je meljasto glinasto ilovnata, z deležem melja do 66 %. Prevladujoči minerali v tleh so kremen, kalcit in muskovit/illit. Nabrekljivih glinenih mineralov (montmorillonita) nismo ugotovili. Na osnovi slovenske klasifikacije tla...

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Soil Science

Cited by 176 publications

References 0 publications

Elevated CO2 and Tree Species Affect Microbial Activity and Associated Aggregate Stability in Soil Amended with Litter

Elevated CO2 and Tree Species Affect Microbial Activity and Associated Aggregate Stability in Soil Amended with Litter

Evaluación del método activo para determinar contenidos de humedad en suelos

Soil of the lower valley of the Dragonja river (Slovenia)

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