Soil Salinity as a Challenge for Sustainable Agriculture and Bacterial-Mediated Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Crop Plants

Etesami, Hassan; Noori, Fatemeh

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-8335-9_1

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…Generally, saline stress is considered one of the most severe stresses affecting living and nonliving environments, aggravated by climate change as salinity and water are very closely linked. It can be exacerbated as a consequence of drought, especially in arid and semiarid areas, representing a quite important and widespread problem [9,21].…”

Section: Soil Salinity-induced Harmful Effects On Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apatite is a common mineral form of P that is characterized by low solubility [108], while the most common organic forms are phytate and phosphomono(di-, tri-)esterase, being mostly bioavailable to plants [5,109]. Phosphate-solubilizing PGPB involve the genus Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Beijerinckia, Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Erwinia, Mesorhizobium, Flavobacterium, Rhodococcus, and Klebsiella, among others [9,37,54,59,110]. Some of them may fix soluble P in their cells or convert P from organic to inorganic forms using different phosphatases [91,111].…”

Section: Phosphate Solubilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the gradually increasing number of review papers dealing with the role of PGPB in the attenuation of salinity stress to plants [5,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], the need for these kinds of documents has increased due to the rapid development of knowledge in the field. Most of the papers discuss the damage produced by salinity to plants and the general mechanisms that describe the bacteria as plant-growth promoters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria Mitigating Soil Salinity Stress in Plants

Shilev

2020

Applied Sciences

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Soil deterioration has led to problems with the nutrition of the world’s population. As one of the most serious stressors, soil salinization has a negative effect on the quantity and quality of agricultural production, drawing attention to the need for environmentally friendly technologies to overcome the adverse effects. The use of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can be a key factor in reducing salinity stress in plants as they are already introduced in practice. Plants having halotolerant PGPB in their root surroundings improve in diverse morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects due to their multiple plant-growth-promoting traits. These beneficial effects are related to the excretion of bacterial phytohormones and modulation of their expression, improvement of the availability of soil nutrients, and the release of organic compounds that modify plant rhizosphere and function as signaling molecules, thus contributing to the plant’s salinity tolerance. This review aims to elucidate mechanisms by which PGPB are able to increase plant tolerance under soil salinity.

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Section: Soil Salinity-induced Harmful Effects On Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phosphate Solubilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria Mitigating Soil Salinity Stress in Plants

Shilev

2020

Applied Sciences

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“…Salt stress is one of the most significant abiotic stresses adversely affecting crop production (Alam, 1999;Gull et al, 2019;Roy & Chowdhury, 2020a) and threatening global food security (Wicke et al, 2011). Salt-affected soils occupy more than 20% of agricultural lands worldwide (Etesami & Noori, 2019;Khan & Duke, 2001), especially in Asia, Australia, and South America, covering approximately more than 900 million hectares (Doula & Sarris, 2016;Roy & Chowdhury, 2020b;Wicke et al, 2011). Saline soils contain appreciable amounts of soluble salts of cations such as sodium (Na + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), magnesium (Mg 2+ ), and potassium (K + ), together with anions such as chloride (Cl − ), sulfate (SO4 2− ), carbonate (CO3 2− ), and bicarbonate (HCO3 − ); consequently, soil electrical conductivity (EC) is greater than 4 dS m −1 in saturated paste extract (Alam, 1999;Brady & Weil, 2005;Hardie & Doyle, 2012;Qadir et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Leaching on the Reclamation of Saline Soils as Affected by Different Organic and Inorganic Amendments

Roy¹,

Chowdhury²

2020

JESSD

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Soil salinity, which poses one of the greatest threats to sustainable crop production worldwide, can be ameliorated through various approaches, such as leaching, mulching, and amendment application. The effects of leaching and amendments on saline soil reclamation have been studied separately, but their interaction is poorly elucidated. Therefore, a column experiment was designed with soils that were subjected to leaching with 2 and 4 pore volume (PV) of water and compared with non-leached soils (NLS) to observe the effects of leaching on saline soil and leachate characteristics under different organic (vermicompost [VC] and wood ash [WA]) and inorganic (zeolite) amendments at two different rates (1 and 2 g 100 g −1 ) and their combinations. Results revealed that the electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil decreased, whereas the EC of the leachate increased as the PV of water increased. Regardless of the treatments, the concentrations of sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), and magnesium (Mg 2+ ) in the leachate increased. By contrast, their concentrations in the leached soils decreased as the PV of water increased. WA contributed to a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the EC and the concentrations of cations, especially K + and Ca 2+ , in the soils and leachates. The higher the rates of the amendment, the greater the increment in the EC and cation concentrations. Incorporating amendments could be important sources of cations, thereby limiting the entry of Na + into the exchange complex and facilitating leaching with percolating water. The response of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) in terms of yield parameters to 2 PV of leached soils was significantly better than that of NLS, suggesting that soil leaching could significantly influence plant functioning in highly saline soils. This study suggested that the irrigation of saline soils under different organic and inorganic amendments before cultivation might affect salt leaching and soil nutrient dynamics, thereby influencing plant growth and yield.

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“…Furthermore, due to negative effects of climate-driven changes, rise in global temperature, abrupt seasonal patterns, and anthropogenic activities are exacerbating salt-prone areas, which may result in a loss of 50% arable land at the end of this century ( Qadir et al, 2014 ; Munns and Gilliham, 2015 ). A soil with an electrical conductivity (EC) of the saturation extract (ECe) of 4 dS/m (approximately 40 mM NaCl at 25°C) and exchangeable sodium of 15% is considered as a saline soil ( Etesami and Noori, 2019 ). Crops grown at high salt concentrations experience cellular ion imbalance, ion toxicity, dehydration, and osmotic stress, which, in turn, results in stomatal closure, reduced carbon supply, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ursolic Acid Limits Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage by Interfering With Nitric Oxide Production and Oxidative Defense Machinery in Rice

Long

Shou²,

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Crops frequently encounter abiotic stresses, and salinity is a prime factor that suppresses plant growth and crop productivity, globally. Ursolic acid (UA) is a potential signaling molecule that alters physiology and biochemical processes and activates the defense mechanism in numerous animal models; however, effects of UA in plants under stress conditions and the underlying mechanism of stress alleviation have not been explored yet. This study examined the effects of foliar application of UA (100 µM) to mitigate salt stress in three rice cultivars (HZ, 712, and HAY). A pot experiment was conducted in a climate-controlled greenhouse with different salt stress treatments. The results indicated that exposure to NaCl-induced salinity reduces growth of rice cultivars by damaging chlorophyll pigment and chloroplast, particularly at a higher stress level. Application of UA alleviated adverse effects of salinity by suppressing oxidative stress (H 2 O 2 , O 2−) and stimulating activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants (APX, CAT, POD, GR, GSH, AsA, proline, glycinebutane), as well as protecting cell membrane integrity (MDA, LOX, EL). Furthermore, UA application brought about a significant increase in the concentration of leaf nitric oxide (NO) by modulating the expression of NR and NOS enzymes. It seems that UA application also influenced Na + efflux and maintained a lower cytosolic Na + /K + ratio via concomitant upregulation of OsSOS1 and OsHKT1;5 in rice cultivars. The results of pharmacological tests have shown that supply of the NO scavenger (PTI) completely reversed the UA-induced salt tolerance in rice cultivars by quenching endogenous NO and triggering oxidative stress, Na + uptake, and lipid peroxidation. The PTI application with UA and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) also caused growth retardation and a significant increase in Na + uptake and oxidative stress in rice cultivars. This suggests that UA promoted salt tolerance of rice cultivars by triggering NO production and limiting toxic ion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. These results revealed that both UA and NO are together required to develop a salt tolerance response in rice.

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Soil Salinity as a Challenge for Sustainable Agriculture and Bacterial-Mediated Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Crop Plants

Cited by 42 publications

References 173 publications

Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria Mitigating Soil Salinity Stress in Plants

Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria Mitigating Soil Salinity Stress in Plants

Effects of Leaching on the Reclamation of Saline Soils as Affected by Different Organic and Inorganic Amendments

Ursolic Acid Limits Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage by Interfering With Nitric Oxide Production and Oxidative Defense Machinery in Rice

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