Soil saccharide extraction and detection

Martens, Dean A.; Frankenberger, W. T.

doi:10.1007/bf00010772

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…While use of these columns in our experiment gave a more accurate calculation of total sugars, concentrations were much lower than other reports from forest soils (Martens and Frankenberger, 1993;Piccolo et al, 1996). The FACE experimental site has a long history of agriculture, and the forest communities are only nine years old.…”

Section: Sugars and Phenolic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Concentration of sugars, phenolic acids, and amino acids in forest soils exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3

Johnson

Pregitzer

2007

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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Concentrations of soluble soil sugars, soluble phenolic acids, and free amino acids were measured in three forest communities at the FACTS-II Aspen FACE Site near Rhinelander, WI, in order to better understand how elevated atmospheric CO 2 and O 3 are influencing soil nutrient availability and cycling. Sugars, phenolic acids, and amino acids are mostly derived from plant and microbial processes, and have the potential to be influenced by changes in carbon inputs. We hypothesized that concentrations in the soil would parallel increases seen in biological activity, due to greater net primary productivity under elevated CO 2 and seasonal patterns of root growth. Chemical analysis of soils revealed marginally significant increases of total soluble sugars and total soluble phenolic acids in the elevated CO 2 treatment (+27 mg kg À1 , +0.02 mmol g À1 ), but there were no significant differences in concentrations due to elevated O 3 or CO 2 +O 3 . Total free amino acid concentrations were not affected by any of the treatments, but significant shifts in individual amino acids were observed. Elevated CO 2 and the interaction treatment (elevated CO 2 +O 3 ) increased aspartic acid concentrations, while elevated O 3 treatment decreased the concentration of valine. Concentrations of sugars increased throughout the growing season, while phenolic acids were constant and amino acids decreased. The birch-aspen community had the highest concentration of phenolic acids and sugars overall, while maple-aspen had the lowest. These findings suggest that concentrations of soluble sugars, soluble phenolic acids, and free amino acids in the soil are strongly influenced by soil properties, plant and microbial activity, plant community composition, and to a lesser degree, changes in atmospheric CO 2 and O 3 .

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Section: Sugars and Phenolic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Concentration of sugars, phenolic acids, and amino acids in forest soils exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3

Johnson

Pregitzer

2007

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…A 1 g subsample of a single particle size fraction (in duplicate) was first hydrolysed by shaking for 16 h with 10 mL of 0.25 mol L −1 H 2 SO 4 solution in a rotary shaker. Interfering ions in the hydrolyte were reduced by elution through anion and cation exchange resins 26. The carbohydrate content in the hydrolyte was measured by colorimetry as glucose equivalents using the phenol/H 2 SO 4 method 27…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of organic carbon and nitrogen in aggregate size fractions of a paddy soil under fertilisation practices from Tai Lake Region, China

Zhang

et al. 2007

J Sci Food Agric

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“…It is generally believed that microbial action on soil aggregation is due to the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) (25). This is supported by experimental observations demonstrating that the amendment of soil with microbial EPS results in an increased soil aggregation (14,26).…”

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confidence: 97%

Rhizosphere Soil Aggregation and Plant Growth Promotion of Sunflowers by an Exopolysaccharide-Producing Rhizobium sp. Strain Isolated from Sunflower Roots

Alami

Achouak

Marol

et al. 2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

385

149

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Root-adhering soil (RAS) forms the immediate environment where plants take up water and nutrients for their growth. We report the effect of an exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing rhizobacterium (strain YAS34) on the physical properties of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) RAS, associated with plant growth promotion, under both water stress and normal water supply conditions. Strain YAS34 was isolated as a major EPSproducing bacterium from the rhizoplane of sunflowers grown in a French dystric cambisol. Strain YAS34 was assigned to the Rhizobium genus by 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequencing. Inoculation of sunflower seeds and soil with strain YAS34 caused a significant increase in RAS per root dry mass (dm) (up to 100%) and a significant increase in soil macropore volume (12 to 60 m in diameter). The effect of inoculation on sunflower shoot dm (up to ؉50%) and root dm (up to ؉70%) was significant under both normal and water stress conditions. Inoculation with strain YAS34 modified soil structure around the root system, counteracting the negative effect of water deficit on growth. Using [15 N]nitrate, we showed that inoculation made the use of fertilizer more effective by increasing nitrogen uptake by sunflower plantlets.Soil structure has a strong impact on a range of processes influencing crop yield. The basic units of soil structure, named aggregates, comprise solid material and pores. These aggregates determine the mechanical and physical properties of soil such as retention and movement of water, aeration, and temperature (16). Aggregate formation is an important factor controlling germination and root growth (17).Several studies have shown that formation of stable aggregates strongly depends on both the nature and the content of organic matter (10,12,14,18,29). Unstable aggregates generally have a lower content of organic matter than do stable ones (24). Plant roots contribute to soil organic material, and thereby to soil aggregate stability, directly through the root material itself (36) and indirectly through stimulation of microbial activity in the rhizosphere (4). It is generally believed that microbial action on soil aggregation is due to the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) (25). This is supported by experimental observations demonstrating that the amendment of soil with microbial EPS results in an increased soil aggregation (14, 26).The influence of microbes on aggregate stability has largely been studied in bulk soil (15,25,34). Relatively little attention has been paid to the influence of microorganisms, particularly EPS-producing rhizobacteria, on the aggregation of root-adhering soil (RAS) (3,36). Understanding the effects of microorganisms on RAS aggregation is important because RAS forms the immediate environment where plants take up water and nutrients for their growth. Factors liable to change the physical properties of RAS can be expected to modify absorption of water and minerals by plants. In previous work, we found that inoculation of wheat with Paenibacillus polymyxa (selected for its nit...

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Soil saccharide extraction and detection

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Concentration of sugars, phenolic acids, and amino acids in forest soils exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3

Concentration of sugars, phenolic acids, and amino acids in forest soils exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3

Variation of organic carbon and nitrogen in aggregate size fractions of a paddy soil under fertilisation practices from Tai Lake Region, China

Rhizosphere Soil Aggregation and Plant Growth Promotion of Sunflowers by an Exopolysaccharide-Producing Rhizobium sp. Strain Isolated from Sunflower Roots

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