Soil propagule banks of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with <i>Larix cajanderi</i> above the treeline in the Siberian Arctic

Abstract

At invasion fronts, seedling mortality may increase if they fail to form associations with symbiotic fungi in the early developmental stages (Collier & Bidartondo, 2009). Trees that form northern treelines are obligately associated with ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi that improve water and nutrient absorption by the host plants. EM associations may provide plants with direct access to mineralized nutrients that are released from organic matter by fungal enzyme activity (Lindahl & Tunlid, 2015;Shah et al., 2016). Such functions are particularly important in northern ecosystems, where cold temperatures reduce decomposition rates and water accessibility (Bödeker et al., 2014;Deslippe, Hartmann, Grayston, Simard, & Mohn, 2016). Thus, the availability of compatible EM fungi is crucial for successful seedling establishment and subsequent tree range expansion into novel habitats (Germino, Smith, & Resor, 2002;Nuñez et al., 2009;Policelli, Bruns, Vilgalys, & Nunez, 2019).Siberian Larix Mill. species form the longest continuous belt of Arctic treeline in Eurasia (> 5000 km) (Semerikov, Iroshnikov, & Lascoux, 2007). Given the extent of Larix distribution and the disproportionate rate of warming in the Arctic (Serreze & Barry, 2011;Overland, Walsh, & Kattsov, 2017), it is vital to clarify the migration potential of Larix trees. In primary habitats, pre-existing shrubs can provide EM fungal inocula to colonizer tree seedlings via common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs)

Fauna and Ecology of Macromycetes (Basidiomycota) in the Arctic Tree and Shrub Ecosystems of Central Siberia

“…Nevertheless, it seems reasonable to compare our results with data on fungal diversity obtained using DNA barcoding. It was unexpected that the taxonomic diversity of mycorrhiza-forming basidiomycetes established in a study of Arctic communities involving larch [46] was found to be lower than that obtained in our studies. This work revealed the presence of only nine operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the communities under study, in contrast to the 37 species we identified (Figure 5).…”

“…This work revealed the presence of only nine operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the communities under study, in contrast to the 37 species we identified (Figure 5). This discrepancy is likely due to the greater diversity of plant communities that were studied in this work compared to that of [46]. A total of 115 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) belonging to the basidiomycetes were identified in the soils of Spitsbergen, representing 13.07% of the total fungal diversity [47].…”

Analysis of the distribution pattern of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Cenococcum geophilum under climate change using the optimized MaxEnt model

“…In terms of climate preferences, C. geophilum not only favors moderately cold climates but also exhibits physiological adaptations to extreme cold. The survival of C. geophilum in the Arctic further supports this observation (Miyamoto et al, 2022 ). Additionally, C. geophilum can thrive even under relatively arid conditions, potentially due to its ability to regulate osmotic pressure, and enhance antioxidant enzyme activity and alleviate drought stress (Li, Yuan, et al, 2022 ).…”

Ectomycorrhizal synthesis between four Bolete species and two kinds of trees

“…bovinus, S. luteus, and R. sinensis [19][20][21] , respectively. The ITS sequence of S3 (OM865366) showed 99.03% homology with the Japanese S. grevillei [22] . The original fruiting bodies were sampled from coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests in Yantai, China, at Xiaoyuanmiao Forest Farm and Trapped Mountain Forest Farm (Table 1).…”