Soil profile gravel concentration and its effect on rainfed crop yields

Grewal, S. S.; Singh, Kuldeep; Dyal, Surjit

doi:10.1007/bf02206896

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Because fine mineral soils (particle sizes less than 2 mm) have distinctly different properties than gravel, gravel can have significant effects on soil nutrition supply capacity and vegetation growth (Poesen and Lavee, 1994). Many previous studies have focused on soil gravel content and their effect on soil nutrition and crop yields in agricultural systems (Babalola and Lal, 1977;Grewal et al, 1984;Ercoli et al, 2006;Koele et al, 2010;Rytter, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of gravel on soil and vegetation properties of alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

Qin

Chen

et al. 2015

Ecological Engineering

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of gravel on soil and vegetation properties of alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

Qin

Chen

et al. 2015

Ecological Engineering

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“…The inverse relationships between the soil organic C stocks and the gravel content in field samples may be attributed to the loss of silt and clay during erosion (Lal, 1995;Rezai and Gilkes, 2005). The accumulation of gravel in the soil layer indirectly reflected the extent of loss of fine soil (Grewal et al, 1984;Lal, 1995). The magnitude of differences among three estimates was found to be the least in soils with low gravel content, and it increased with increase in gravel volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…2b). This may be attributed to the fact that the fine-earth proportion reduces proportionately with the gravel volume (Nagaraja and Srinivasamurthy, 2009;Grewal et al, 1984). Thus, both the hypothetical and the field-sample-based estimations of soil organic C stocks remained the same in the order of Scenario 2 > Scenario 1 > Scenario 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Erosion of soil leading to reduction in soil productivity has been well reported (Pierce et al, 1983;Pimentel et al, 1995;Jagadamma et al, 2009). The increase in the proportion of coarse fragments in soil reduces the volume of space effectively available for water and nutrient retentions, and also for plant root explorations (Grewal et al, 1984;Rao and Jessy, 2007;Nagaraja and Srinivasamurthy, 2009). In other words, the quantity of soil organic C and potentially available nutrients for plant uptake decrease with an increase in volume of coarse fragments, especially in agricultural soils (Hamarashid et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimations of soil fertility in physically degraded agricultural soils through selective accounting of fine earth and gravel fractions

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Soil fertility and organic carbon (C) stock estimations are crucial to soil management, especially that of degraded soils, for productive agricultural use and in soil C sequestration studies. Currently, estimations based on generalized soil mass (hectare furrow basis) or bulk density are used which may be suitable for normal agricultural soils, but not for degraded soils. In this study, soil organic C, available nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) and available potassium (K 2 O), and their stocks were estimated using three methods: (i) generalized soil mass (GSM, 2 million kg ha −1 furrow soil), (ii) bulk-density-based soil mass (BDSM) and (iii) the proportion of fine earth volume (FEV) method, for soils sampled from physically degraded lands in the eastern dry zone of Karnataka State in India. Comparative analyses using these methods revealed that the soil organic C, N, P 2 O and K 2 O stocks determined by using BDSM were higher than those determined by the GSM method. The soil organic C values were the lowest in the FEV method. The GSM method overestimated soil organic C, N, P 2 O and K 2 O by 9.3-72.1, 9.5-72.3, 7.1-66.6 and 9.2-72.3 %, respectively, compared to FEV-based estimations for physically degraded soils. The differences among the three methods of estimation were lower in soils with low gravel content and increased with an increase in gravel volume. There was overestimation of soil organic C and soil fertility with GSM and BDSM methods. A reassessment of methods of estimation was, therefore, attempted to provide fair estimates for land development projects in degraded lands.

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“…Some CFRAG studies have proposed that CFRAG is negatively correlated with maize yields [59]. According to Grewal's experiment with different levels of gravel content (18%, 28%, and 40%) as CFRAG, an increasing proportion of gravel led to decreasing soil nutrient content and soil water-holding capacity and a yield that showed a downward trend [60]. Driessen described the quantitative effect of CFRAG on a productivity index (decreasing from 100% to 0% with gravel contents of 10% to 70%), but the effect was due to the reduction of available plant water rather than rooting depth [61].…”

Section: Relationship Between Cfrag and Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Risk Assessment Based on Vulnerability Surfaces: A Case Study of Maize

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Agriculture is a sector easily affected by meteorological conditions. Crop yield reduction, even regional conflicts, may occur during a drought. It is extremely important to improve the state of our knowledge on agricultural drought risk. This study has proposed a new method (vulnerability surfaces) for assessing vulnerability quantitatively and continuously by including the environmental variable as an additional perspective on exposure and assessed global maize drought risk based on these surfaces. In this research, based on the Environmental Policy Impact Climate (EPIC) model, irrigation scenarios were adopted to fit "Loss rate-Drought index-Environmental indicator (L-D-E)" vulnerability surfaces by constructing a database suitable for risk assessment on a large scale. Global maize drought risk was quantitatively assessed based on its optimal vulnerability surface. The results showed an R 2 for the optimal vulnerability surface of 0.9934, with coarse fragment content as the environmental indicator. The expected global average annual yield loss rate due to drought was 19.18%. The global average yield loss rate due to drought with different return periods (10a, 20a, 50a, and 100a) was 29.18%, 32.76%, 36.89%, and 38.26%, respectively. From a global perspective, Central Asia, the Iberian Peninsula, Eastern Africa, the Midwestern United States, Chile, and Brazil are the areas with the highest maize drought risk. The vulnerability surface is a further development of the vulnerability curve as a continuous expression of vulnerability and considers differences in environmental factors. It can reflect the spatial heterogeneity of crop vulnerability and can be applied in large-scale risk assessment research.

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Soil profile gravel concentration and its effect on rainfed crop yields

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of gravel on soil and vegetation properties of alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

Effects of gravel on soil and vegetation properties of alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

Estimations of soil fertility in physically degraded agricultural soils through selective accounting of fine earth and gravel fractions

Drought Risk Assessment Based on Vulnerability Surfaces: A Case Study of Maize

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