Soil-plant-water aspects of ozone phytotoxicity in tomato plants

Khatamian, Houchang; Adedipe, N. O.; Ormrod, D. P.

doi:10.1007/bf00010693

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Also, severe and no stress condition decreased seed yield per plant of amaranthus compared to the moderately stressed condition. Findings similar to ours was that of Khatamian et al (1973) that considering the water use efficiency of the plants, the seed yield under severe and unstressed condition gave 67% of the moderate stress value. Conclusively, for the economy of irrigation, the 24/48 hourly watering cycle of -0.3bar would generally be regarded as over-watering and the results reflect this.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Root growth ensuring water supply, vigorous seedlings capable of piercing the soil surface and the ability to begin photosynthesis are vital factors of establishment of seedlings, especially from small seeds. Seedling establishment is defined as the formation of the first primary leaves and the root system (Khatamian, Adedipe and Armrod 1973;Olufolaji and Tayo, 1980;1989;Garcia, Raes and Jacobsen 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of soil moisture stress on the emergence, etablishment and productivity of Amaranthus (Amaranthus Cruentus L.)

Olufolaji¹,

Odeleye²,

Ojo³

2010

ABJNA

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Dietary intake of vegetables is low in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) compared to the world's average. This situation is worsened by low water availability for vegetable production especially in the dry season. However, amaranth which can be grown in the different agro-ecologies of Nigeria is a dual purpose crop with edible leaves and seeds rich in essential nutrients, minerals and proteins. The crop is also a drought tolerant C4 plant which has the ability to survive under minimum soil moisture condition, hence the reason for its use in the study. This investigation was therefore conducted to discover the optimum water requirements in a screen house, and evaluation of different moisture stress based on the derived optima in two subsequent field trials. In the screen house and field, water stress treatments varied from: -6.0, -1.2 to -0.3 bar (the control). Results in the screen house study showed that optimum soil water potential for amaranth was reached at -1.2 bar, and that variety NH84/493 performed better than the others, in all growth and yield parameters measured. In field trials, bringing the moisture content from dry (-6.0 bar) to -1.5 bar optimum soil water potential favored seedling emergence better than all other treatment combinations. However, treatment combination -0.3, -1.5 bar when the soil was initially wet (-0.3 bar) then bringing it to the optimum (-1.5 bar) gave the best seedling establishment and productivity. Variety NH84/493 grown at -0.3, -1.5 bar performed better than all other interactions. We therefore recommend -1.5 bar and variety NH84/493 amaranth for the SSA vegetable industry, especially for improving dry season productivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soil moisture stress on the emergence, etablishment and productivity of Amaranthus (Amaranthus Cruentus L.)

Olufolaji¹,

Odeleye²,

Ojo³

2010

ABJNA

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“…Differently, R1 includes only measurements of the first day for DS. This shows that trees of DS×OS closed their stoma quickly at higher stem water potential after the first ozone fumigation session, and confirms what was reported in other studies that moderate ozone concentrations can induce partially closed stomata (Khatamian et al, 1973;Farage et al, 1991;Wittig et al, 2007). A partial stomatal closure prevented excessive water loss through stomatal openings (Pinheiro and Chaves, 2011;Mc Dowell et al, 2008;Allen et al, 2008) 265 during drought stress, and enhanced the closure with ozone allowing DS×OS plants to better survive the increased drought.…”

Section: Stomatal Closure and Net Photosynthesissupporting

confidence: 84%

Combined effects of ozone and drought stress on the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds from <i>Quercus robur</i> L.

Peron¹,

Kaser²,

Fitzky³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Drought events are expected to become more frequent with climate change. To predict the effect of plant emissions on air-quality and potential feedback effects on climate, the study of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions under stress is of great importance. Trees can often be subject to a combination of abiotic stresses, for example due to drought or ozone. Even though there is a large body of knowledge on individual stress factors, the effects of combined stressors are not much explored. This study aimed to investigate changes of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions and physiological parameters in Quercus robur L. during moderate to severe drought in combination with ozone stress. Results show that isoprene emissions decreased while monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions increased during the progression of drought. Exposing plants additionally to ozone, resulted in faster stomatal closure partially mitigating drought stress effects. Evidence of this was found in enhanced green leaf volatiles in trees without ozone fumigation indicating cellular damage. In addition we observed an enhancement in Methyl Salicylate emissions in trees with ozone treatment. Individual plant stress factors are not necessarily additive and atmospheric models should implement stress feedback loops to study regional scale effects.

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“…Plants used in greenhouse studies exhibited the same type response to water stress as did those in field studies. Plants that were water stressed just prior to 03 exposure showed little or no foliar injury compared to well-watered plants (5,8,11,12). Only a few days of water stress were sufficient to protect plants from 03 injury (17,21).…”

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confidence: 99%

Water Stress Reduces Ozone Injury via a Stomatal Mechanism

Tingey

Hogsett²

1985

Plant Physiol.

120

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Various studies have shown that water-stressed plants are more tolerant of ozone exposures than are unstressed plants. Two (19). The plant root-mass was enclosed in a semipermeable membrane system (Spectrapor 1; exclusion limit, 6,000-8,000 D; Spectrum Medical Industries, Los Angeles, CA) and placed in either a nutrient solution (-35 kPa) or a nutrient solution to which polyethylene glycol (20 M) (mol wt distribution, 14,000-16,000 D) was added to create an osmotic potential of -80 kPa. Although a solution osmotic potential of -80 kPa does not appear to be a large stress, a previous study (21) showed that this level of osmotic stress in the solution caused significant changes in plant indicators of water stress. Over a 3-day period leaf conductance decreased 60%; leaf water potential and top dry weight of bean plants were reduced 13% and 34%, respectively, over a 7-d period. The osmotic potentials of the solutions were controlled at the root-water interface within the semipermeable membrane and thereby controlled plant water potential ( 19).After the plants had been maintained in -35 or -80 kPa for 4 day, 12 of the 28 plants in each replicate were sprayed with FC2 solutions (10, 15, or 20 Mm) until run-off. Previous studies showed that FC induced stomatal opening in both light and dark (4,22). The FC was dissolved in 0.1 ml ethanol and brought to volume with distilled H20. On the morning of day 5, 12 additional plants were sprayed with ABA solutions (100, 250, or 500 Mm, four plants per concentration level) and the leaves were allowed to dry (about 1 h). The ABA was dissolved in 0.1 ml of saturated Na2CO3 and diluted with a few milliliters of distilled H20 (pH 7.0). The solutions were brought to volume with 67 mm phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). Two to three drops of Triton X-100 per 50 ml of solution were added as a surfactant to each solution. The

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Soil-plant-water aspects of ozone phytotoxicity in tomato plants

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of soil moisture stress on the emergence, etablishment and productivity of Amaranthus (Amaranthus Cruentus L.)

Effect of soil moisture stress on the emergence, etablishment and productivity of Amaranthus (Amaranthus Cruentus L.)

Combined effects of ozone and drought stress on the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds from <i>Quercus robur</i> L.

Water Stress Reduces Ozone Injury via a Stomatal Mechanism

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Soil-plant-water aspects of ozone phytotoxicity in tomato plants

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of soil moisture stress on the emergence, etablishment and productivity of Amaranthus (Amaranthus Cruentus L.)

Effect of soil moisture stress on the emergence, etablishment and productivity of Amaranthus (Amaranthus Cruentus L.)

Combined effects of ozone and drought stress on the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds from &lt;i&gt;Quercus robur&lt;/i&gt; L.

Water Stress Reduces Ozone Injury via a Stomatal Mechanism

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Product

Resources

About

Combined effects of ozone and drought stress on the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds from <i>Quercus robur</i> L.