Soil phosphorus fractions in an apple orchard with different weed managements

Abstract

The presence of weeds in apple orchards affects the dynamics of nutrients in the soil, including phosphorus (P). The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in distribution of P fractions in the soil of an apple orchard under different weed managements. The experiment was conducted in an apple orchard in the municipality of Urubici, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The following treatments were implemented in 2011: no weed management (NWM), desiccation of weeds in the apple-tree row (DR), and hoeing of weeds in the apple-tree row (HR). Soil samples of the 0-2.5, 2.5-5, 5-10, 10-15 and 15-20 cm layers were collected in the apple-tree rows at 24 months after the implementation of the experiment. The samples were subjected to chemical fractionation of P, obtaining the following fractions: PiAER, PiNaHCO3, PoNaHCO3, PiNaOH, PoNaOH, PiHCl, PiNaOH05, PoNaOH05, and Presidual. The presence of weeds increased the contents of the following soil P fractions in the surface layers: PiAER, PiNaHCO3, and PoNaHCO3, which are bioavailable to plants. A higher proportion of organic forms of P in the soil was found when the weeds were hoed; these fractions can be mineralized and used for nutrition of apple trees when labile P forms are exhausted.

Magnetic Susceptibility Profile, Fe Content and pH Analysis of Apple Orchard Soil and the Relation to Fruit Diameter

“…The existence of the iron element in the soil and its relation with soil acidity properties can be described that the more acidic the soil, the smaller the iron mineral since iron dissolves in acidic substance. The study on the impact of other elements such as the role of potassium on the plant production as explained by (Fractionation et al, 2013;von Bennewitz et al, 2011) and Phospor (Lima et al, 2020). In this research, the measurement of soil magnetic properties in this case magnetic susceptibility and soil pH as well as its relation with the size of the apple.…”

Sustainable Agricultural Systems for Fruit Orchards: The Influence of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria on the Soil Biodiversity and Nutrient Management

“…The macronutrients are constantly referred to as the most important in any crop or orchard system, due to their impact on plant growth and production. They are represented by nitrogen (N) [28,29], potassium (K) [30,31] and phosphorus (P) [32]. Others that are required but possess a secondary degree of importance are calcium [33], magnesium and sulfur [34].…”