“…This effect is directly associated with the reduction in the availability of water in the soil, soil aeration, and nutrients to plants, along with the increase of soil resistance to root growth (LETEY, 1985;MEDEIROS et al, 2010). Among various methods to determine the state of soil compaction and physical quality, the evaluation of soil penetration resistance (SPR) has been commonly used in experimental studies, not only related to precision agriculture (SILVA et al, 2004;BOTTEGA et al, 2011;CHERUBIN et al, 2011;DALCHIAVON et al, 2011;GIRARDELLO et al, 2011) but also to assessments of management conditions of agricultural areas (GOEDERT et al, 2002;NEIRO et al, 2003;FREDDI et al, 2007;SILVA et al, 2009;CALONEGO & ROSOLEM, 2011;OTTO et al, 2011) and forests (SEIXAS & SOUZA, 2007;SINNETT et al, 2008).…”