Soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools drive soil C-CO2 emissions from selected soils in Maritime Antarctica

Pires, Christiano Vieira; Schaefer, Carlos E. G. R.; Hashigushi, A.K.; Thomazini, André; Filho, Elpı́dio Inácio Fernandes; Mendonça, E. S.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.144

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The declining abundance and size of accessible ice‐free terrain on which sea birds and seals can haul out at greater latitudes up to about 68°S probably contributes to the nutrient enrichment because organic deposits from the animals are more concentrated. This is consistent with the observations of Pires et al (2017) on King George Island at 62°N (close to sites 56 and 57; Table 2) over 150 km north of the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, who showed that plant establishment, nutrient and organic matter accumulation and soil CO 2 flux are all associated with bird nesting and guano deposits. South of 66–68°S, the increasingly harsh environmental conditions, particularly temperature and moisture, rather than the supply of organic resources, probably become limiting.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Lean and keen: Microbial activity in soils from the Maritime Antarctic

Hopkins

Dennis

Rushton

et al. 2020

European J Soil Science

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The soils of the Maritime and sub‐Antarctic experience extreme environmental conditions but nonetheless host biological communities that can survive low temperatures, limited water availability and short day lengths or even the complete absence of solar radiation during the winter. We determined the soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N), soil microbial biomass (SMB), labile carbon (LC) and respiration rate (RR) in soil samples from the longest latitudinal transect (approximately 2,000 km) ever sampled exclusively in the Maritime and sub‐Antarctic, comprising 69 sites located between South Georgia (54°S) and south‐eastern Alexander Island (72°S). With the exception of the most northerly location (South Georgia), the greatest SMB values occurred at 67–68°S, despite the harsh environmental conditions. This is consistent with the relative nutrient richness of the soils at these latitudes, as indicated by large SOC and total soil N concentrations, which are in turn probably linked to more abundant guano and excreta deposition by sea birds and seals, which have fewer and smaller areas of ice‐free terrain to land or haul out on further south. South of 68°S, SOC values declined with increasing latitude, which is probably due to increasingly extreme environmental conditions. We also found that the SOC and SMB values, the proportion of SOC considered labile (LC/SOC) and the carbon mineralization rates expressed as either RR/SOC or RR/SMB were all small compared with values from less extreme temperate and tropical regions. However, the proportion of the SOC in the microbial biomass (SMB/SOC) was substantially greater than that reported for non‐polar soils. We conclude that although the soils of the Maritime and sub‐Antarctic have small and relatively inactive microbial communities, they are characterized by efficient conversion of organic resources into microbial biomass and large affinities for added substrates. Highlights Soil carbon parameters are reported from sites along the longest latitudinal transect in Antarctica ever sampled. The soil microbial biomass tended to peak at 67–68°S, coinciding with relative SOC and N abundance in the soil, probably arising from guano and excreta from sea birds and mammals. The soil microbial community was small but highly efficient at converting organic resources into microbial biomass, as indicated by large microbial biomass/soil organic carbon ratios.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Lean and keen: Microbial activity in soils from the Maritime Antarctic

Hopkins

Dennis

Rushton

et al. 2020

European J Soil Science

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“…Thus, the precise mechanism for the effect of N fertilizer application on soil respiration needs further investigation. Increased total N content led to a decreased C/N ratio and improved soil CO 2 flux (Bellingrath-Kimura et al, 2015;Pires et al, 2017). Furthermore, soil N/P ratio also influenced autotrophic respiration and microbial activity.…”

Section: Effects Of Fertilization Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, soil N/P ratio also influenced autotrophic respiration and microbial activity. A balanced N/P ratio increased root biomass accumulation and soil CO 2 concentration (Bellingrath-Kimura et al, 2015;Pires et al, 2017;Sun et al, 2018). Nitrogen fertilizer application enhanced the root respiration rate by increasing the availability of soil nutrients, the N content in root, and photosynthate allocation below the ground (root biomass) (Sun et al, 2018).…”

Section: Effects Of Fertilization Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil CO2 and CH4 concentration dynamics and their relationships with soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activity, and root biomass under shallow groundwater level

Zhang¹,

Zhou²,

Zhu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Soil CO2 and CH4 concentrations are crucial determinants of crop physiology and soil environment. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of soil CO2 and CH4 concentrations and their correlations with soil nutrient content, enzymatic activities and root biomass at shallow groundwater levels. Lysimeter experiments were conducted at five groundwater depths (20, 40, 50, 60, and 80 cm) and three fertilizer application rates (low, 75%; normal, 100%; high, 125%). Soil CO2 and CH4 concentrations, physicochemical properties, and enzymatic activities were determined in the three growth stages of winter wheat crop, and plant biomass was measured post-harvest. Groundwater depth significantly (P ≤ 0.001) affected CO2 and CH4 concentrations and root parameters, and their critical values appeared at the groundwater depth of 50–60 cm. Soil water content presented quadratic function relation with CO2 concentration, and exhibited the linear correlation with CH4 concentration. As an aerobic respiration product, soil CO2 concentration showed significant positive correlations with organic matter and total N levels, urease, phosphatase and sucrase activities, and root biomass in winter wheat. Soil CH4 concentration depending on anaerobic microbial activity showed significant correlations with soil nutrients, such as soil organic matter, total N, and available K. Fertilization significantly impacted root parameters (P ≤ 0.001) and shoot biomass (P ≤ 0.05) instead of CO2 and CH4 concentrations. In contrast, groundwater depth emerged as a crucial factor as it affected soil physicochemical properties, soil enzymatic activities, root respiration, and winter wheat growth at shallow groundwater levels.

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“…Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya pemecahan fraksi stabil menjadi fraksi labil. Selama proses mineralisasi bahan organik tanah, bentuk yang kurang tahan atau labil dengan cepat diuraikan, diuapkan, atau dilepaskan yang mengakibatkan keberadaannya menjadi sedikit (Pires et al, 2017). Nisbah BOP/BOT menunjukkan besar kecilnya fraksi bahan organik labil yang terlindungi dalam agregat tanah.…”

Section: Bahan Organik Tanah Dan Bahan Organik Partikulatunclassified

Hubungan Stok Karbon Tanah Dan Suhu Permukaan Pada Beberapa Penggunaan Lahan Di Nagari Padang Laweh Kabupaten Sijunjung

Gunadi

Juniarti

Gusnidar

2020

J.Sol

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The content of soil C-organic is strongly influenced by land management. Plants tend to increase soil organic C-stock, however an increase in soil temperature can increase the rate of decomposition of soil organic matter which will reduce soil organic C-stock. The aim of the study is to look at the relationship of soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) with changes in soil surface temperature. The study was conducted using a survey method consisting of 5 stages, namely preparation, pre-survey, main survey, soil analysis in the laboratory and data processing. Soil sampling is done by purposive random sampling under several land units (LU). LU is limited by the order of the soil, slope, and land use. Based on the land unit map, we found 14 land units in the study area. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm. Surface temperature measurements are carried out directly in the field using a room temperature thermometer. The parameters analyzed are organic-C, organic particulate-C, and bulk density (BD). The research data were processed statistically using simple linear regression equations. The results showed that the measurement of rice field surface temperature had the highest temperature of 34 0C, and rubber plantations had the lowest temperature of 28 0C. Organic-C affects soil BD, the higher the value of organic-C, the lower the BD value. The highest carbon stock was found in soil unit 10 with rubber plantations with a slope of 8-15%, 41 kg m-2 and decreased with increasing slope. The difference in the value of SOCS in rice fields is influenced by land management, because there is no return of crops residue in the form of straw to the ground. The results of the regression analysis showed that surface temperature did not have a significant effect on the SOCS value.Keywords : carbon stock, land use, Padang Laweh

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Soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools drive soil C-CO2 emissions from selected soils in Maritime Antarctica

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

Lean and keen: Microbial activity in soils from the Maritime Antarctic

Lean and keen: Microbial activity in soils from the Maritime Antarctic

Soil CO2 and CH4 concentration dynamics and their relationships with soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activity, and root biomass under shallow groundwater level

Hubungan Stok Karbon Tanah Dan Suhu Permukaan Pada Beberapa Penggunaan Lahan Di Nagari Padang Laweh Kabupaten Sijunjung

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