Soil organic carbon and aggregation in response to thirty-nine years of tillage management in the southeastern US

Singh, Surendra; Nouri, Amin; Singh, Shikha; Anapalli, Saseendran S.; Lee, Jae‐Hoon; Arelli, Prakash R.

doi:10.1016/j.still.2019.104523

Cited by 61 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Overall, the HSHT was not found to consistently capture management‐induced changes in soil health from these tested southeastern agroecosystems, despite several previous findings from these experiments clearly indicating improved soil properties (e.g., soil organic C, bulk density, water holding capacity, active C fractions, enzymatic activity, and aggregation) under conservation management practices (e.g., Mbuthia et al., 2015; Nouri, Lee, Yin, Tyler, & Saxton, 2019; Nouri et al., 2018; Singh et al., 2020). Although the HSHT may be conceptually attractive because it strives to integrate soil biology and soil fertility into a soil health metric, it is imperative that researchers carry out extensive testing and/or modification of the soil health parameters or algorithms used to integrate those parameters into overall soil health score across soils, cropping systems, managements, and geographic locations to ensure these tools are useful and applicable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Agroecosystem management responses to Haney soil health test in the southeastern United States

Singh

Yoder

Yin

et al. 2020

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Quantifying the impacts of agricultural management on soil health is critical for making informed sustainable management decisions as soil resources inevitably undergo alterations due to management. One recently popular and soil biologybased method of soil health assessment is the Haney Soil Health Test (HSHT), whose most recent version is known as the "soil health tool", attempts to integrate soil health and fertility. Comprehensive evaluation of the HSHT and its underlying indicators in different agroecological regions is currently lacking. This study therefore evaluates the HSHT on three ongoing field experiments in southeastern United States: (a) 39 yr of continuous soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] with different tillage treatments, (b) 4 yr of corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean rotation with different cover crop treatments, and (c) 37 yr of continuous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with tillage, cover crops, and nitrogen (N) rates. Soil samples (0-to 15-cm depth) were analyzed for HSHT indicators (i.e., Solvita CO 2-C, water-extractable organic C [WEOC], water-extractable organic N [WEON], and WEOC/WEON), two versions of soil health score (SHS) calculations (SHS2015 and SHS2018), and potential N mineralization (Nmin) rates. Additionally, H3A-and Mehlich-1based extractable soil nutrients were determined to test the fertility component of HSHT. The individual HSHT indicators, SHS2015, SHS2018, and Nmin showed inconsistent responses to management, where most variation in SHS was driven by WEON (0.68 < R 2 > 0.86; p < .001). Additionally, H3A solution extracted nutrients with higher variability (18.5 76) than Mehlich-1. This lack of consistent to response to management in southeastern U.S. croplands implies that comprehensive evaluation and/or modification of HSHT is required for broader applicability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Agroecosystem management responses to Haney soil health test in the southeastern United States

Singh

Yoder

Yin

et al. 2020

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…Increased crop residue addition with no-tillage did not increase SOC (Wegner et al, 2018) especially under warm and humid climatic conditions of study region where residue decomposition was promoted over accumulation (Jagadamma, Essington, Xu, & Yin, 2019). Surface 0 to 15 cm layer of no-till system typically consists of easily decomposable C inputs and higher water extractable C concentrations ultimately reducing the overall SOC (Jagadamma et al, 2019;lanco & Wortmann, 2020;Singh et al, 2020). Singh et al (2019a) analyzed the effect of the same P levels on crop yields at the same locations as our experimental sites and reported lower soil test P levels by the end of the experiment at Milan due to four-fold increase in grain P removal by corn (170 kg ha −1 yr −1 ) than Springfield (38 kg ha −1 yr −1 ).…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 86%

Long‐term influence of phosphorus fertilization on organic carbon and nitrogen in soil aggregates under no‐till corn–wheat–soybean rotations

et al. 2020

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The role of P availability on soil C sequestration is poorly understood in no‐tillage production. The objective of this study was to examine the long‐term phosphorus (P) fertilization effect on soil organic C (SOC), N, and C:N ratio in soil aggregates at different depths in no‐till corn (Zea mays L.)‐wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)‐soybean (Glycine max L.) rotations. The experiment was conducted on low to medium P soils at Springfield and Milan, TN during 2013–2015 from 0–15 cm and from 0–5, 5–10, 10–15, and 15–30 cm in 2018 using Latin square design with five replications of five P rates (0, 29, 59, 88, and 117 kg P ha−1) applied annually. Bulk soil and aggregate sizes > 2, 0.25–2, 0.053–0.25, and < 0.053 mm were analyzed for SOC and N. Phosphorus rate of 88 kg ha−1 resulted in high soil testing P and had higher SOC and N than all other treatments on low P soil. However, over‐application of P at 117 kg ha−1 decreased SOC on low P soil. No response of SOC or N to P fertilization was observed on medium P soil. Application of 29 kg P ha−1 increased large macroaggregate (> 2 mm) weight. Concentrations of SOC and N were higher in microaggregates (0.053–0.25 mm) than the other aggregates. In conclusion, SOC and N stocks are increased on low P soils with appropriate P application, which is crucial for simultaneous improvements of soil C sequestration and crop yield.

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“…The range of POXC values for these soil samples was intermediate (about 400–900 mg C kg −1 soil) compared with ranges reported in surveys of many soil types (0–1,500 mg C kg −1 soil, Calderón et al., 2017; Culman et al., 2012; Hurisso et al., 2016). In studies that identified POXC as a reliable indicator for detecting differences in soil health across management systems, a significant treatment difference coincided with a change in POXC of about 100 mg C kg −1 soil or greater (Culman, Snapp, Green, & Gentry, 2013; Diederich, Ruark, Krishnan, Arriaga, & Silva, 2019; Ghimire, Ghimire, Mesbah, Sainju, & Idowu, 2019; Lucas & Weil, 2012; Morrow et al., 2016; Singh et al., 2020). Because the oven drying did not cause this large of a shift in mean POXC, we do not believe that oven‐drying these soil samples would change the interpretation of the analysis or the utility of POXC as a soil health indicator.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permanganate oxidizable carbon for soil health: Does drying temperature matter?

Gasch

Mathews

Deschene

et al. 2020

Agricultural & Env Letters

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Soil health assessments evaluate and monitor the effects of conservation management on soil properties. A popular measurement, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), is routinely included in these assessments. The standard POXC protocol calls for air‐dried soil samples, but commercial laboratories typically dry samples in a forced‐air oven before routine analysis. In order to evaluate if heat would change POXC measurements, we treated soil (52 silty clay loam and 51 sandy loam samples) with oven drying at 45 and 65 °C and compared their POXC values with those from air‐dried samples. We also examined relationships between POXC values and soil organic matter, pH, and electrical conductivity across drying treatments. Drying soil did not substantially change POXC values for either soil texture and did not change the relationships between POXC and other measured soil properties. This work suggests that commercial laboratories could perform POXC analysis on soil samples dried using heat.

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Soil organic carbon and aggregation in response to thirty-nine years of tillage management in the southeastern US

Cited by 61 publications

References 98 publications

Agroecosystem management responses to Haney soil health test in the southeastern United States

Agroecosystem management responses to Haney soil health test in the southeastern United States

Long‐term influence of phosphorus fertilization on organic carbon and nitrogen in soil aggregates under no‐till corn–wheat–soybean rotations

Permanganate oxidizable carbon for soil health: Does drying temperature matter?

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