Soil nutrition and temperature as drivers of root suckering in trembling aspen

Fraser, Erin; Lieffers, Victor J.; Landhäusser, Simon M.; Frey, Brent R.

doi:10.1139/x02-080

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Sprouting was fastest (15 days) at a soil temperature of 30°C and slowest (19 days) at 18°C. With P. tremuloides similar results of faster sprouting at high temperatures have also been found by Maini and Horton (1966), Schier (1973) andFraser et al (2002).…”

Section: Sprouting Ratesupporting

confidence: 83%

Multiplication of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. x P. tremuloides Michx.) from cuttings

Stenvall¹

2006

Diss. For.

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The primary aim of the present study was to find an efficient and simple method of vegetative propagation for producing large numbers of hybrid aspen (Populus tremuloides L. x P. tremula Michx.) plants for forest plantations. The key objectives were to investigate the main physiological factors that affect the ability of cuttings to regenerate and to determine whether these factors could be manipulated by different growth conditions. In addition, clonal variation in traits related to propagation success was examined. According to our results, with the stem cutting method, depending on the clone, it is possible to obtain only 1−8 plants from one stock plant per year. With the root cutting method the corresponding values for two-year-old stock plants are 81−207 plants. The difference in number of cuttings between one-and two-yearold stock plants is so pronounced that it is economically feasible to grow stock plants for two years. There is no reason to use much older stock plants as a source of cuttings, as it has been observed that rooting ability diminishes as root diameter increases. Clonal variation is the most important individual factor in propagation of hybrid aspen. The fact that the efficiently sprouted clones also rooted best facilitates the selection of clones for large-scale propagation. In practice, root cuttings taken from all parts of the root system of hybrid aspen were capable of producing new shoots and roots. However, for efficient rooting it is important to use roots smaller than one centimeter in diameter. Both rooting and sprouting, as well as sprouting rate, were increased by high soil temperature; in our studies the highest temperature tested (30ºC) was the best. Light accelerated the sprouting of root cuttings, but they rooted best in dark conditions. Rooting is essential because without roots the sprouted cutting cannot survive long. For aspen the criteria for clone selection are primarily fiber qualities and growth rate, but ability to regenerate efficiently is also essential. For large-scale propagation it is very important to find clones from which many cuttings per stock plant can be obtained. In light of production costs, however, it is even more important that the regeneration ability of the produced cuttings be high.Keywords: vegetative propagation, regeneration ability, stem cuttting, root cutting. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI am very grateful to my supervisor, docent Pertti Pulkkinen, who offered me the possibility to work in this project. He has always found time to comment of the manuscripts, discuss problems related to my experiments, or whatever that I had on my mind. He has also introduced me to the ins and outs of science, advised me to take a part in many international conferences and encouraged me in applying grants.During the years, I have found many good friends in Haapastensyrjä, Finnish Forest Research Institute´s Breeding Station in Läyliäinen. Special thanks belong to Pilvi Jokiniemi and Päivi Selin, who worked with me for several summers. We had hilarious days in green...

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Section: Sprouting Ratesupporting

confidence: 83%

Multiplication of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. x P. tremuloides Michx.) from cuttings

Stenvall¹

2006

Diss. For.

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“…Machine corridors always produced the highest sucker densities and tallest suckers while positions under the strip of retained aspen produced the lowest densities and shortest suckers. It is likely that at that scale, proximity to residual trees (aspen and understory spruce) suppressed aspen sucker regeneration and growth through apical dominance (Steneker 1974), shading (Huffman et al 1999, Brais et al 2004, reduced soil temperature as measured in GDD (Fraser et al 2002, Brais et al 2004, Landhäusser et al 2006 and increased competition for other resources (Canham et al 2004) influenced sucker regeneration and growth (Frey et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration of aspen following partial and strip understory protection harvest in boreal mixedwood forests

Lennie¹,

Landhäusser

Lieffers³

et al. 2009

The Forestry Chronicle

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Trembling aspen regeneration was studied in 2 types of partial harvest systems designed to harvest mature aspen but protect immature spruce and encourage natural aspen regeneration. Two partial harvest systems, where the residual aspen was either left in strips or was dispersed uniformly, were compared to traditional clearcuts. After the first and second year since harvest, aspen sucker density and growth was similar between the 2 partial harvests, but was much lower than in the clearcuts. However, in the partial cuts the regeneration density was very much dependent on the location relative to residual trees. The density of regeneration was inversely related to the basal area of residual aspen; however, sucker height was inversely related to the basal area of the residual spruce. Although there were adequate numbers of suckers after partial harvest, their viability and contribution to the long-term productivity of these mixedwood stands is not clear.Key words: silvicultural systems, forest management, residual canopy, white spruce, Populus tremuloides, Picea glauca, traffic RÉSUMÉLa régénération du peuplier faux-tremble a été étudiée dans le cas de deux modes de coupe partielle conçus pour récolter les trembles à maturité mais pour protéger les épinettes en croissance et favoriser la régénération naturelle du tremble. Deux modes de coupe partielle, où les trembles résiduels ont été retenus dans des bandes ou dispersés uniformément, ont été comparés à des coupes à blanc traditionnelles. Cependant, dans les coupes partielles, la densité de la régénération a été très dépendante de localisation relative aux arbres résiduels. Même si le nombre de drageons est adéquat après une coupe partielle, leur viabilité et leur contribution à long terme à la productivité de ces peuplements mélangés n' est pas évidente.

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“…Wood and von Althen (1993) suggest that each additional year spruce are overtopped by aspen can have a substantial negative effect on their growth rate. More than one manual cutting treatment will almost certainly be required at that stand age, especially on productive sites where aspen suckers grow vigorously (Fraser et al 2002). The density and height of aspen suckers will, however, be tempered somewhat by the presence of surrounding aspen (e.g., Frey et al 2003;Prévost and Pothier 2003;Comeau, unpublished data).…”

Section: Tending Individual Sprucementioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of selected approaches for regenerating and managing western boreal mixedwoods

Comeau

Kabzems²,

McClarnon³

et al. 2005

The Forestry Chronicle

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We describe a range of approaches for managing boreal mixedwood stands composed of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in British Columbia and Alberta. Successful management of these complex forests requires a combination of well-defined objectives at the landscape level and flexible planning at the stand level. A variety of management strategies must be applied concurrently across the landscape to ensure that the natural mix of forest types and structural diversity is maintained. Selected approaches are discussed with regard to their suitability to particular stand conditions and sets of objectives, the types of tending and harvesting activities required, expected outcomes, and costs. The three approaches discussed are: 1) creation and management of two-storied intimate mixtures; 2) creation of a single-storied mixture of aspen and white spruce; and, 3) creation of a mosaic of discrete patches of each species.Key words: boreal mixedwood management, mixedwood silvicultural systems, aspen, white spruce, planning Mots clés : aménagement des peuplements mélangés de la forêt boréale, régimes sylvicoles des peuplements mélangés, tremble, épinette blanche, planification

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Soil nutrition and temperature as drivers of root suckering in trembling aspen

Cited by 46 publications

References 31 publications

Multiplication of hybrid aspen (<em>Populus tremula</em> L. x <em>P. tremuloides</em> Michx.) from cuttings

Multiplication of hybrid aspen (<em>Populus tremula</em> L. x <em>P. tremuloides</em> Michx.) from cuttings

Regeneration of aspen following partial and strip understory protection harvest in boreal mixedwood forests

Implications of selected approaches for regenerating and managing western boreal mixedwoods

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