Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

Serrasolses, Isabel; Diego, Victoria; Bonilla, David

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-58618-7_16

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…5). This nitrification pulse dynamic reproduced in terms of average annual loads a Mineralisation:Nitrification (M:N) ratio of 10:1, which is consistent with the results of Serrasolses et al (1999). On the other hand, it is worthy to notice that the daily simulated M:N ratio can achieve much higher values or it can also take values between zero and one (that means that nitrification overcomes mineralization), when a huge pick of nitrification takes place (Fig.…”

Section: Lu4-n Calibration and Validation Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The LU4-R-N and SD4-R-N models, due to the threshold mechanism, reproduced in the hill-slope soil an annual average M:N ratio of approximately 8:1, which is consistent with the ratio (10:1) founded in other Mediterranean areas (e.g., Serrasolses et al, 1999), which was explained considering soil moisture limitation of nitrification. Interestingly, when considering the riparian zone alone the simulated M:N ratio decreased in both cases to almost 1:1 (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…However, problems arose when a permanent nitrification dynamic for the whole catchment was invoked. Specifically, it became impossible to simulate a M:N ratio consistent with the one observed by Serrasolses (1999), unless the nitrification rate was kept extremely low but this resulted in a failure to represent the observed nitrate peaks. Also when considering a high mineralization rate that caused extreme high stream ammonium concentration, the annual immobilization rate became largely beyond the range expected from literature values (i.e., approximately 0.1 kg ha −1 yr −1 according to Bonilla (1990), after Bernal et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling the inorganic nitrogen behaviour in a small Mediterranean forested catchment, Fuirosos (Catalonia)

Medici

Bernal

Butturini

et al. 2010

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The aim of this work was to couple a nitrogen (N) sub-model to already existent hydrological lumped (LU4-N) and semi-distributed (LU4-R-N and SD4-R-N) conceptual models, to improve our understanding of the factors and processes controlling nitrogen cycling and losses in Mediterranean catchments. The N model adopted provides a simplified conceptualization of the soil nitrogen cycle considering mineralization, nitrification, immobilization, denitrification, plant uptake, and ammonium adsorption/desorption. It also includes nitrification and denitrification in the shallow perched aquifer. We included a soil moisture threshold for all the considered soil biological processes. The results suggested that all the nitrogen processes were highly influenced by the rain episodes and that soil microbial processes occurred in pulses stimulated by soil moisture increasing after rain. Our simulation highlighted the riparian zone as a possible source of nitrate, especially after the summer drought period, but it can also act as an important sink of nitrate due to denitrification, in particular during the wettest period of the year. The riparian zone was a key element to simulate the catchment nitrate behaviour. The lumped LU4-N model (which does not include the riparian zone) could not be validated, while both the semi-distributed LU4-R-N and SD4-R-N model (which include the riparian zone) gave satisfactory results for the calibration process and acceptable results for the temporal validation process.

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Section: Lu4-n Calibration and Validation Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling the inorganic nitrogen behaviour in a small Mediterranean forested catchment, Fuirosos (Catalonia)

Medici

Bernal

Butturini

et al. 2010

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The flushing of interstitial and soil water DOC into the stream channel during high flow is presumably one of the main surges in DOC (Allan, 1995). In Mediterranean forested catchments, in particular, soils are poorly developed (Serrasolses et al, 1999). This might limit DOC inputs into the stream channel and consequently, DOC dynamics might be erratic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of DOC and nitrate responses to storms in a small Mediterranean forested catchment

Bernal

Butturini

Sabater

2002

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Severe drought periods followed by intense rainfall often leads to major floods in Mediterranean catchments. The resulting hydrology is complex and the response of solutes in the streams is often unpredictable. This study aimed to identify the most relevant factors controlling the hydrological responses to storms of an intermittent Mediterranean stream and to link those factors with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate during storm events. Measurements of climate, hydrology, DOC and nitrate concentrations during 26 storm events over three hydrological years were analysed. The contribution of the storm events to the total DOC and nitrate annual export was also calculated. Nitrate was mainly mobilised during high flow, while most of the DOC export occurred during baseflow. Solute concentrations peaked after drought periods and the solute export was maximal during the largest rainfalls (i.e.>100 L m -2 ). One single large storm contributed some 22% of the total annual export of DOC, and about 80% of that of nitrate. Discharge was a good predictor of neither DOC nor nitrate responses, so variables other than discharge were considered. Factor Analysis was used to identify the main factors controlling the biogeochemical responses. Antecedent moisture conditions and the magnitude of the storm event were the most relevant factors and accounted for 63% of the total variance. Solute responses during high flow were highly variable. However, solute concentration changes showed a significant and moderate relationship with the factors controlling the hydrological responses (i.e. ∆ DOC v. the antecedent moisture conditions and ∆ NO 3 -N v. the magnitude of the storm event).

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“…However, problems arose when a permanently nitrification dynamic for the whole catchment was invoked. Specifically, it became impossible to simulate a M:N ratio consistent with the one observed by Serrasolses (1999) according to Bonilla (1990), after Bernal et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Progressive development of a hydrologic and inorganic nitrogen conceptual model to improve the understanding of small Mediterranean catchments behaviour

Medici¹

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A Nacho y Julián Vélez por su labor de 'pseudo-tutores' y por enseñarme tantas cosas en medio de tantas cañitas.A todos los compañeros que he tenido la suerte de conocer en el Departamento de Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente a lo largo de estos años y con los que he compartido muchas risas y algunas lagrimas.A Federica, Gustavo, Martino, Alessia, Diana, Mati, Camilo, Cata, Juliane, Davide, Pablito y sus padres, Mario, Ahmed, Virginia y a mis 'hommies' londinenses que me han aguantado en los mejores y en los peores momentos.A Miguel Angel por su apoyo incondicional. El conocimiento de los procesos hidrológicos es esencial para la gestión de los recursos hídricos tanto desde el punto de vista cuantitativo (crecidas o sequías) como desde el punto de vista cualitativo (contaminación).El funcionamiento hidrológico de las cuencas mediterráneas es aún bastante desconocido a pesar de los diferentes estudios realizados desde hace una veintena de años. Los progresos realizados en la identificación y modelización de los procesos hidrológicos corresponden casi en la totalidad a investigaciones realizadas en clima templado-húmedo (Bonell y Balek, 1993;Buttle, 1994). Según Bonell (1993), esta falta de información fuerza a la "transferencia de resultados", a pesar de la necesidad evidente de desarrollar aproximaciones diferentes, principalmente en el ámbito de la modelización (Pilgrim et al. 1988).En relación a la modelación hidrológica, los estudios disponibles (Durand et al., 1992; Parkin et al., 1996;Piñol et al., 1997 entre otros) muestran serias dificultades para reproducir las primeras crecidas de otoño, después del periodo estival seco. En este tipo de cuencas parece difícil modelizar correctamente uno o más años hidrológicos completos con un solo juego de parámetros (Piñol et al., 1997, Bernal et al., 2004.El clima mediterráneo está caracterizado por una dinámica estacional muy marcada del régimen de precipitaciones y de la evapotranspiración, que favorece la alternancia durante el año de periodos secos y húmedos. Esto modifica fuertemente el estado hidrológico de la cuenca, que deriva un comportamiento hidrológico complejo y no-lineal (Piñol et al. 1999).La necesidad de comprender el funcionamiento hidrológico de un sistema responde a dos cuestiones importantes: por un lado es el procedimiento más indicado para proporcionar elementos útiles a la gestión integrada de los recursos hídricos y por otro lado es fundamental para la modelación del comportamiento de nutrientes, por ejemplo el nitrato, dada su alta solubilidad.En las últimas décadas, la lixiviación de nitrato ha recibido una gran atención debido al incremento tanto de la tasa de deposición atmosférica 14 como del aporte difuso procedente de las zonas agrícolas (Vitousek et al., 1979). Cuantificar el flujo de nitrógeno y los mecanismos que lo gobiernan a escala de cuenca resulta esencial para poder predecir los efectos que se producirían en la calidad de las aguas debido a cambios de uso del suelo o al cambio climático (Payraudeau et al., 2001).Esta problemática, ...

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Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Modelling the inorganic nitrogen behaviour in a small Mediterranean forested catchment, Fuirosos (Catalonia)

Modelling the inorganic nitrogen behaviour in a small Mediterranean forested catchment, Fuirosos (Catalonia)

Variability of DOC and nitrate responses to storms in a small Mediterranean forested catchment

Progressive development of a hydrologic and inorganic nitrogen conceptual model to improve the understanding of small Mediterranean catchments behaviour

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