Soil micromorphological evidence of early agriculture in north‐west Europe

Macphail, Richard I.; Courty, Marie‐Agnès; Gebhardt, Anne

doi:10.1080/00438243.1990.9980129

Cited by 118 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…A number of the samples were characterized by a platy structure of planar voids and flattened organic aggregates, a sign of compaction that is frequently interpreted as an indication of ploughing (Macphail et al 1990). However, this was more often a characteristic of peat layers, occurring in a soil only in test pit 18 in the Céide Fields, in which soil (243) contained horizontal lenses of peat.…”

Section: Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Neolithic Agriculture in County Mayo, Republic of Ireland: Geoarchaeology of the Céide Fields, Belderrig, and Rathlackan

Guttmann-Bond

Dungait

Brown

et al. 2016

Journal of the North Atlantic

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Section: Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Neolithic Agriculture in County Mayo, Republic of Ireland: Geoarchaeology of the Céide Fields, Belderrig, and Rathlackan

Guttmann-Bond

Dungait

Brown

et al. 2016

Journal of the North Atlantic

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“…If so, this kind of infillings in ancient Rhodoxeralfs may be attributed to specific disturbed microfeatures, which are clearly different from the paleosols in periglacial climates (Kemp, 2001). Probably they show more affinity with disturbances in both modern and ancient agricultural soils (Macphail et al, 1990), particularly those with structural and depositional soil crust (Bresson and Valentin, 1994). This analogy suggests that stable periods of Rhodoxeralf (Hamra) formation allowing for clay translocation and aging of clay coatings may have alternated with periods of environmental deterioration and disturbances.…”

Section: Micromorphologymentioning

confidence: 98%

Near‐surface paleosols in coastal sands at the outlet of Hadera stream (Israel) in the light of archeology and luminescence chronology

Tsatskin

Gendler

Heller

et al. 2008

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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Catenary changes, archeology, micromorphology, and magnetic mineralogy of paleosols in coastal sands, Israel, were investigated under chronostratigraphic control by available luminescence datings from adjacent sites. At the outlet of Hadera stream, eolianites (Hebrew: "kurkar") underlie paleosols with Epipaleolithic (approx. 17-20 ky) artifacts at the top and occasional Mousterian (>40 ky) artifacts in the subsoil. The optically stimulated-luminescence/infrared stimulated-luminescence (OSL/IRSL) dates (>50-12 ky) from adjacent sites roughly agree with the archeological findings. The paleosols show a magnetically depleted Vertisol superimposed on a magnetically enhanced cumulative Chromic Luvisol (WRB) (USDA: Rhodoxeralf, Israeli class.: Hamra). The latter contain approx. 0.25 mm thick, isotropic clay infillings distinctly separated from the soil matrix. These infillings are tentatively interpreted as the result of strong environmental disturbances, such as surface desiccation, subsequent waterlogging, and enhanced dust deposition, presumably at the time of the Last Glacial Maximum. In addition to the massive accumulation of eolian dust, diverse pedogeomorphic changes lagging in time from the onset of climatic deterioration may have taken place in coastal settings. Recurrent desiccation cracks may have exposed subsurface materials repeatedly to sunlight, consequently resetting the luminescence signal. The eolianite sequences are thus distinct from loess/paleosol sequences from temperate climates and have to be treated more rigorously at a site-specific level.

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“…Estas questões estão principalmente relacionadas à identificação e caracterização de pisos de ocupação vinculados a diversas atividades dentro dos sítios (Gé et al 1993;Goldberg;Whitbread 1993;Langohr 1999;Courty 2001;MacPhail et al 2004), ao reconhecimento de atividades agrícolas (MacPhail et al 1990a) ou pesqueiras (Simpson et al 2000), aos processos de formação de sítio Barret 1996;Matthews et al 1997;Simpson et al 1999;Creemengs 2005), às mudanças paleoambientais registradas nos sedimentos arqueológicos (Karkanas 2002), aos tipos de combustíveis utilizados nos depósitos (Simpson et al 2003), entre outros diversos temas de estudo.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Micromorphology of archaeological deposits

Villagrán¹

2009

Rev. Mus. Arqueol. Etnol. Supl.

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Resum o: A micromorfologia de depósitos arqueológicos está ocupando progressivamente um lugar primordial nas pesquisas geoarqueológicas. Considerada o complemento muitas vezes necessário das técnicas sedimentológicas padrão, esta ferramenta de análise representa o nexo campo-laboratório ao habilitar a observação na escala microscópica da realidade descrita a partir da avaliação dos perfis estratigráficos no campo e dos dados quantitativos obtidos no laboratório. Neste artigo, os fundamentos da técnica são apresentados com um protocolo para a correta amostragem, secagem, impregnação e laminação de amostras arqueossedimentares para análise micromorfológica, que leva em consideração a natureza dos materiais e os objetivos da pesquisa.Palavras-chave: Micromorfologia -Sedimentos arqueológicos -Geoarqueologia.

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Soil micromorphological evidence of early agriculture in north‐west Europe

Cited by 118 publications

References 15 publications

Early Neolithic Agriculture in County Mayo, Republic of Ireland: Geoarchaeology of the Céide Fields, Belderrig, and Rathlackan

Early Neolithic Agriculture in County Mayo, Republic of Ireland: Geoarchaeology of the Céide Fields, Belderrig, and Rathlackan

Near‐surface paleosols in coastal sands at the outlet of Hadera stream (Israel) in the light of archeology and luminescence chronology

Micromorphology of archaeological deposits

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