Soil microbial functionality in response to the inclusion of cover crop mixtures in agricultural systems

Chavarría, Diego N.; Verdenelli, Romina Aylén; Muñoz, Emiliano J.; Conforto, Erica Cinthia; Restovich, Silvina Beatriz; Andriulo, Adrián Enrique; Meriles, José Manuel; Vargas-Gil, Silvina

doi:10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…One of the biggest challenges of modern agriculture is the production of enough high-quality food, while reducing the environmental impact and the dependence on external inputs. In this context, cover crops (CCs) have gained popularity as a sustainable alternative with demonstrated beneficial effects on several soil properties (Lu et al, 2000;Chavarría et al, 2016). CCs are defined as crops grown between periods of normal crop production as an alternative to bare soil in fallow months, to provide soil protection and soil improvement (Soil Science Society of America, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia Oxidizing Prokaryotes Respond Differently to Fertilization and Termination Methods in Common Oat’s Rhizosphere

et al. 2021

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Cover crops (CC) have demonstrated beneficial effects on several soil properties yet questions remain regarding their effects on soil microbial communities. Among them, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) have a key role for N cycling in soil and their responses in the rhizosphere of terminated CC deserve further investigation. A greenhouse experiment was established to assess N fertilization (with or without N) and termination methods (glyphosate, mowing, and untreated control) of common oat (Avena sativa L.) as potential drivers of AOA and AOB responses in the rhizosphere. The abundance of amoA genes was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), the community structure was assessed with Illumina amplicon sequencing of these genes, while the function was assessed from potential nitrification activity (PNA). While N fertilization had no influence on AOA, the termination method significantly increased amoA gene copies of AOA in mowed plants relative to glyphosate termination or the untreated control (1.76 and 1.49-fold change, respectively), and shifted AOA community structure (PERMANOVA, p<0.05). Ordination methods indicated a separation between AOA communities from control and glyphosate-terminated plants relative to mowed plants for both UniFrac and Aitchison distance. Converserly, N fertilization significantly increased AOB abundance in the rhizosphere of mowed and control plants, yet not in glyphosate-treated plants. Analyses of community structure showed that AOB changed only in response to N fertilization and not to the termination method. In line with these results, significantly higher PNA values were measured in all fertilized samples, regardless of the termination methods. Overall, the results of this study indicated that bacterial and archaeal nitrifiers have contrasting responses to fertlization and plant termination methods. While AOA were responsive to the termination method, AOB were more sensitive to N additions, although, the stimulative effect of N fertilization on amoAAOB abundance was dependent on the termination method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia Oxidizing Prokaryotes Respond Differently to Fertilization and Termination Methods in Common Oat’s Rhizosphere

et al. 2021

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“…It is clear that agricultural management has a great influence on cropland SMR [28] . For instance, studies have reported that tillage reduces microbial biomass and their activities, and concurrently disadvantages soil enzymatic activities [29] .…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing-season soil microbial respiration response to long-term no tillage and spring ridge tillage

Wang

Zhuang

et al. 2020

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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No tillage (NT) and spring ridge tillage (SRT) are two common applications of conservation tillage. Although conservation tillage is known to exert major control over soil microbial respiration (SMR), the growing-season SMR response to these two applications remains elusive. In order to better understand the influence of conservation tillage practices, this experiment was conducted in an experimental field using NT and SRT for 17 years. In situ measurements of SMR, soil temperature and soil water content (SWC) were performed. Soil samples were collected to analyze soil porosity, soil microbial biomass (SMB) and soil enzymatic activities. Results show that the two conservation tillage systems had a significant difference (p<0.05) in terms of SMR; the SMR of NT was 14.7 mg•C/m 2 •h higher than that of SRT. In terms of soil temperature and soil enzymatic activities, the two treatments were not significantly different (p>0.05). Despite SRT increasing the proportion of micro-porosities and meso-porosities, the soil macro-porosities for NT were 7.37% higher than that of SRT, which resulted in higher bacteria and fungi in NT. Owing to SRT damaged the hypha, which had disadvantage in soil microbe protection. Inversely, less soil disturbance was a unique advantage in NT, which was in favor of improving soil macro-pores and SWC. Redundancy analyses (RDA) showed SMR was positively correlated with soil macro-pores, SMB and SWC. Furthermore, the Pearson correlation test indicated that SMB and soil enzymatic activities did not have a significant correlation (p>0.05). This study results suggest that SRT is more conducive to carbon sequestration compared with NT in cropland.

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“…Cover crops (CC) have gained popularity in agricultural practices as a sustainable alternative to fallow between grain crops, to incorporate carbon (C) rich residues in soils and to promote soils coverage, reducing risks of erosion, nitrogen (N) losses, and weeds proliferation [1,2,3]. Among them, rye ( Secale cereale L.), oat ( Avena sativa L.), barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum L.) or triticale ( Triticosecale Wittm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression treatment differentially influences the microbial community and the occurrence of broad host range plasmids in the rhizosphere of the model cover crop Avena sativa L.

et al. 2019

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Cover crop suppression with glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) represents a common agricultural practice. The objective of this study was to compare rhizospheric microbial communities of A. sativa plants treated with a GBH relative to the mechanical suppression (mowing) in order to assess their differences and the potential implications for soil processes. Samples were obtained at 4, 10, 17 and 26 days post-suppression. Soil catabolic profiling and DNA-based methods were applied. At 26 days, higher respiration responses and functional diversity indices (Shannon index and catabolic evenness) were observed under glyphosate suppression and a neat separation of catabolic profiles was detected in multivariate analysis. Sarcosine and Tween 20 showed the highest contribution to this separation. Metabarcoding revealed a non-significant effect of suppression method on either alpha-diversity metrics or beta-diversity. Conversely, differences were detected in the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa. Mesorhizobium sequences were detected in higher relative abundance in glyphosate-treated plants at the end of the experiment while the opposite trend was observed for Gaiella. Quantitative PCR of amoA gene from ammonia-oxidizing archaea showed a lower abundance under GBH suppression again at 26 days, while ammonia-oxidizing bacteria remained lower at all sampling times. Broad host range plasmids IncP-1β and IncP-1ε were exclusively detected in the rhizosphere of glyphosate-treated plants at 10 days and at 26 days, respectively. Overall, our study demonstrates differential effects of suppression methods on the abundance of specific bacterial taxa, on the physiology and mobile genetic elements of microbial communities while no differences were detected in taxonomic diversity.

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Soil microbial functionality in response to the inclusion of cover crop mixtures in agricultural systems

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Ammonia Oxidizing Prokaryotes Respond Differently to Fertilization and Termination Methods in Common Oat’s Rhizosphere

Ammonia Oxidizing Prokaryotes Respond Differently to Fertilization and Termination Methods in Common Oat’s Rhizosphere

Growing-season soil microbial respiration response to long-term no tillage and spring ridge tillage

Suppression treatment differentially influences the microbial community and the occurrence of broad host range plasmids in the rhizosphere of the model cover crop Avena sativa L.

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