Soil microbial dynamics in organic (biodynamic) and integrated apple orchards

Bougnom, Blaise Pascal; Greber, B.; Franke‐Whittle, Ingrid H.; Casera, Claudio; Insam, Heribert

doi:10.1007/s13165-012-0020-0

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The probes targeting the autotrophic nitrification bacteria Nitrospira , Nitrosovibrio and Nitrosomonas were found to hybridise with DNA from the FC , SMC and MC composts, as well as with the compost starting material ( Co ). These bacteria have also been reported in composts from other studies ( Kowalchuk et al, 1999; Danon et al, 2008; Cayuela et al, 2009; Bougnom et al, 2012 ). They are known to be active in the first step of autotrophic nitrification in which

becomes oxidised to

.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Changes in the microbial communities during co-composting of digestates

et al. 2014

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becomes oxidised to

.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Changes in the microbial communities during co-composting of digestates

et al. 2014

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“…Instead, the strong disturbance and dispersal effect of the resuspension might account for the observed homogeneity in BCC. Similar homogeneity was bances, such as river sediment and landfill (Boon et al 2000), and cultivated farm land soil (Bougnom et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Homogeneous microbial diversity in the upper sediment layers of a shallow lake

Tšertova¹,

Kisand

Baty³

et al. 2013

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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The variability and patchiness in composition of bacterial communities were studied in a large eutrophic boreal lake (280 km 2 ) with a mean depth of < 3 m. The present study was undertaken to determine the factors that influence species dispersal in the sediment environment of large shallow lakes and to test the hypothesis that species dispersal in the sediment is heterogeneous. Surficial sediment samples were collected according to both transect and 'log-wise' sampling designs. For the vertical slicing of sediment samples, steps were chosen according to average deposition rates. Bacterial community composition (BCC) was examined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR amplification products from DNA extracted from the total community. The relationships of the DGGE fingerprint to space, bacterial abundance, production, and dry weight of the sediment were analyzed using multivariate statistical methods. The BCC was found to be uniform over both the 1 to 1000 m ('log-wise') and kilometer (>10 km transect) scales. An increase in bacterial diversity from the river bed to mid-lake corresponded to the sediment type and was related to an increase in productivity. Vertically, the bacterial diversity decreased with sediment depth while the bacterial community in the upper 2 to 5 cm of sediment was almost homogeneous. These data suggest that BCC of organic-rich sediment is very homogeneous horizontally, and the upper centimeters of the sediment undergo frequent mixing, leading to similar homogeneity.

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“…The higher content of Flexibacter in MM compared to LM and HM was in accordance with soil urease activity and indicative of a higher nitrous oxide reductase level. It has been reported that integrated apple farms maintained higher level of Flexibacter than organic farms [45] since denitrification causes nutrient loss, so the dynamic trend of Flexibacter indicates that the impact of manure application on apple rhizosphere soil was not linear. The profile differences of LM, MM and HM also fit the soil enzyme results (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manure Refinement Affects Apple Rhizosphere Bacterial Community Structure: A Study in Sandy Soil

et al. 2013

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We used DNA-based pyrosequencing to characterize the bacterial community structure of the sandy soil of an apple orchard with different manure ratios. Five manure percentages (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) were examined. More than 10,000 valid reads were obtained for each replicate. The communities were composed of five dominant groups (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes), of which Proteobacteria content gradually decreased from 41.38% to 37.29% as manure ratio increased from 0% to 25%, respectively. Redundancy analysis showed that 37 classes were highly correlated with manure ratio, 18 of which were positively correlated. Clustering revealed that the rhizosphere samples were grouped into three components: low manure (control, 5%) treatment, medium manure (10%, 15%) treatment and high manure (20%, 25%) treatment. Venn analysis of species types of these three groups revealed that the bacteria community difference was primarily reflected by quantity ratio rather than species variety. Although greater manure content led to higher soil organic matter content, the medium manure improved soil showed the highest urease activity and saccharase activity, while 5% to 20% manure ratio improvement also resulted in higher bacteria diversity than control and 25% manure ratio treatment. Our experimental results suggest that the use of a proper manure ratio results in significantly higher soil enzyme activity and different bacteria community patterns, whereas the use of excessive manure amounts has negative effect on soil quality.

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Soil microbial dynamics in organic (biodynamic) and integrated apple orchards

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Changes in the microbial communities during co-composting of digestates

Changes in the microbial communities during co-composting of digestates

Homogeneous microbial diversity in the upper sediment layers of a shallow lake

Manure Refinement Affects Apple Rhizosphere Bacterial Community Structure: A Study in Sandy Soil

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