Soil microbes alter plant fitness under competition and drought

Fitzpatrick, Connor R.; Mustafa, Zainab; Viliunas, Joani

doi:10.1111/jeb.13426

Cited by 66 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…In our study, root properties were the dominate factor that influenced phyllosphere fungal diversity, while soil properties indirectly affected phyllosphere fungal diversity ( Figure 6 ). This may result from the various effects that functional microorganisms have on plant growth during plant development, which will affect plant phenotypes and fungal community diversity ( Spiering et al, 2006 ; Fitzpatrick et al, 2019 ; Russo et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Plant and Soil Characteristics on Phyllosphere and Rhizosphere Fungal Communities During Plant Development in a Copper Tailings Dam

et al. 2020

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Interactions between plants and microbes can affect ecosystem functions, and many studies have demonstrated that plant properties influence mutualistic microorganisms. Here, high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate rhizosphere and phyllosphere fungal communities during different plant development stages. Results demonstrated that phyllosphere and rhizosphere fungal community structures were distinct during all developmental stages while they were mediated separately by plant carbon and soil sulfur. Comparatively, the effect of root properties on phyllosphere fungal diversity was greater than soil properties. Moreover, rhizosphere fungal networks of Bothriochloa ischaemum were more complex than phyllosphere fungal networks. This study demonstrated that the effect of plant and soil traits on phyllosphere and rhizosphere fungal communities could potentially be significant, depending on the applicable environmental condition and plant development stage. Although links between phyllosphere and rhizosphere communities have been established, further studies on functional fungal groups during phytoremediation processes are necessary. This study comprehensively analyzed dynamic relationships between phyllosphere and rhizosphere fungal communities during different plant development stages in a polluted environment. These fungal communities were determined to be expedient to the development and utilization of beneficial microbial communities during different development stages, which could more effectively help to stabilize and reclaim contaminated copper tailings soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Plant and Soil Characteristics on Phyllosphere and Rhizosphere Fungal Communities During Plant Development in a Copper Tailings Dam

et al. 2020

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“…These results suggest that edaphic factors can mediate stressful conditions resulting from low precipitation outside the range of xantiana and can functionally "erase" the negative effects of a dry year on fitness. There is increasing evidence that soil microbial communities can alleviate drought stress in plants (Augé 2001, Lau and Lennon 2012, Gehring et al 2017, Fitzpatrick et al 2019, and xantiana may benefit from interactions with soil microbes from within its range that are absent or less abundant outside its range limit.…”

Section: Soil and Precipitation Treatments Have Large Fitness Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant–soil interactions limit lifetime fitness outside a native plant’s geographic range margin

Benning

Moeller

2021

Ecology

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Plant species’ distributions are often thought to overwhelmingly reflect their climatic niches. However, climate represents only a fraction of the n‐dimensional environment to which plant populations adapt, and studies are increasingly uncovering strong effects of nonclimatic factors on species’ distributions. We used a manipulative, factorial field experiment to quantify the effects of soil environment and precipitation (the putatively overriding climatic factor) on plant lifetime fitness outside the geographic range boundary of a native California annual plant. We grew plants outside the range edge in large mesocosms filled with soil from either within or outside the range, and plants were subjected to either a low (ambient) or high (supplemental) spring precipitation treatment. Soil environment had large effects on plant lifetime fitness that were similar in magnitude to the effects of precipitation. Moreover, mean fitness of plants grown with within‐range soil in the low precipitation treatment approximated that of plants grown with beyond‐range soil in the high precipitation treatment. The positive effects of within‐range soil persisted in the second, wetter year of the experiment, though the magnitude of the soil effect was smaller than in the first, drier year. These results are the first we know of to quantify the effects of edaphic variation on plant lifetime fitness outside a geographic range limit and highlight the need to include factors other than climate in models of species’ distributions.

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“…However, the relative importance of different abiotic and biotic factors for the evolution and maintenance of local adaptation is poorly known 17, 18 . Particularly, soil edaphic factors and soil microbes are known to influence flowering phenology and modulate host fitness in natural soils 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 , even at the scale of a few meters 24 . Yet, information about the extent to which differences in soil properties contribute to divergent selection and the maintenance of adaptive differentiation among plant populations is still limited beyond classical examples of adaptation to extreme soil conditions 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root microbiota assembly and adaptive differentiation among European Arabidopsis populations

Thiergart

Durán

Ellis

et al. 2019

Preprint

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20Factors that drive continental-scale variation in root microbiota and plant adaptation are poorly 21 understood. We monitored root-associated microbial communities in Arabidopsis thaliana and co-22 occurring grasses at 17 European sites across three years. Analysis of 5,625 microbial community 23 profiles demonstrated strong geographic structuring of the soil biome, but not of the root microbiota. 24Remarkable similarity in bacterial community composition in roots of A. thaliana and grasses was 25 explained by the presence of a few diverse and geographically widespread taxa that disproportionately 26 colonize roots across sites. In a reciprocal transplant between two A. thaliana populations in Sweden 27and Italy, we uncoupled soil from location effects and tested their respective contributions to root 28 2 microbiota variation and plant adaptation. The composition of the root microbiota was affected by 29 location and soil origin, and to a lesser degree by host genotype. The filamentous eukaryotes were 30 particularly strongly affected by location. Strong local adaptation between the two A. thaliana 31 populations was observed, with difference in soil properties and microbes of little importance for the 32 observed magnitude of adaptive differentiation. Our results suggest that, across large spatial scales, 33 climate is more important than are soil conditions for plant adaptation and variation in root-associated 34 filamentous eukaryotic communities. 35 36 differentiation among plant populations is still limited beyond classical examples of adaptation to 57 extreme soil conditions 25 . 58 59Here, we tested whether roots of A. thaliana and co-occurring grasses growing in various soils and 60 climatic environments establish stable associations with bacterial and filamentous eukaryotic 61 communities across a latitudinal gradient in Europe. In a reciprocal transplant between two A. thaliana 62 populations in Sweden and Italy, we uncoupled soil from location effects and experimentally tested the 63 hypothesis that soil properties and climate drive root microbiota assembly and adaptive differentiation 64 between the two A. thaliana populations. 65 66We found that a widespread set of bacteria, but not filamentous eukaryotes, establish stable associations 67 with roots of A. thaliana and grasses across 17 sites in Europe, despite strong geographical structuring 68 and variation in the surrounding soil communities. The reciprocal transplant of soil and plant genotypes 69 between two native A. thaliana populations in northern and southern Europe showed that the 70 composition of root microbiota was more affected by soil properties and location than by host genotype. 71The effect of soil was stronger than that of location for root-associated bacteria, whereas the effect of 72 location was stronger for root-associated fungi and oomycetes. Transplant location, rather than origin 73 of soil, also largely accounted for strong selection against the nonlocal A. thaliana genotype at each site. 74Our results suggest that climat...

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Soil microbes alter plant fitness under competition and drought

Cited by 66 publications

References 76 publications

Effects of Plant and Soil Characteristics on Phyllosphere and Rhizosphere Fungal Communities During Plant Development in a Copper Tailings Dam

Effects of Plant and Soil Characteristics on Phyllosphere and Rhizosphere Fungal Communities During Plant Development in a Copper Tailings Dam

Plant–soil interactions limit lifetime fitness outside a native plant’s geographic range margin

Root microbiota assembly and adaptive differentiation among European Arabidopsis populations

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