Soil horizon variation: A review

Hartemink, Alfred E.; Zhang, Yakun; Bockheim, James G.; Curi, Nilton; Silva, Sérgio Henrique Godinho; Grauer-Gray, J.; Lowe, David J.; Krasilnikov, Pavel

doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2019.10.003

Cited by 74 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…We believe the obtained information will help to focus further on more extensive research on soil microbiome relative to the soil environment and also serve as a reference for revealing changes that are likely to occur in the future due to climate warming, human activities, different land use, or other factors. It is surprising that, despite the common agreement that "the study of soil profiles is essential to the study of soil as a natural body" [51] p.4, there are (a) the scarcity of the metagenomic exploration of the subsoil horizons, resulting in much greater portions of unidentified members of the microbiome in case subsoils are studied; and (b) neglect for sampling soil genetic horizons while studying the undisturbed soils. We conclude that soil genetic horizons shape distinct microbiomes, therefore, soil horizontation should be accounted for while comparing undisturbed soils latitudinally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We want to stress that it is difficult to find the microbiome data with which to compare our results because most of the researchers collected samples from soil layers, rather than soil horizons even in the undisturbed forest ecosystems, and proceeded to compare such soils across different biomes [50], thus ignoring the fact that soil horizons represent specific environmental entities of varying thickness [51] and may be mixed by sampling a layer in centimeters. A sample, taken from the 0-10 cm layer of the mineral topsoil under undisturbed temperate forest may, as it would have been in our case, represent a mixture of two soil genetic horizons with all the consequences for microbial diversity assessment.…”

Section: Fungal Assemblages In Soil Genetic Horizonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Undisturbed Soil Pedon under Birch Forest: Characterization of Microbiome in Genetic Horizons

et al. 2021

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Vast areas of land in the forest-steppe of West Siberia are occupied by birch forests, the most common ecosystems there. However, currently, little is known about the microbiome composition in the underlying soil, especially along a sequence of soil genetic horizons. The study aimed at inventorying microbiome in genetic horizons of a typical Phaeozem under undisturbed birch forest in West Siberia. Bacteria and fungi were studied using 16S rRNA genes’ and ITS2 amplicon sequencing with Illumina MiSeq. Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria together accounted for two-thirds of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) numbers and half of the sequences in each genetic horizon. Acidobacteria predominated in eluvial environments, whereas Proteobacteria, preferred topsoil. The fungal sequences were dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota phyla. Basidiomycota was the most abundant in the topsoil, whereas Ascomycota increased down the soil profile. Thelephoraceae family was the most abundant in the A horizon, whereas the Pyronemataceae family dominants in the AEl horizon, ultimately prevailing in the subsoil. We conclude that soil genetic horizons shape distinct microbiomes, therefore soil horizontation should be accounted for while studying undisturbed soils. This study, representing the first description of bacterio- and mycobiomes in genetic horizons of the Phaeozem profile, provides a reference for future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fungal Assemblages In Soil Genetic Horizonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undisturbed Soil Pedon under Birch Forest: Characterization of Microbiome in Genetic Horizons

et al. 2021

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“…The organic horizon represents a mixture of processed plant-derived organic matter and soil components. The M horizon, a mineral horizon forming below the O horizon, is characterized by a lower content of organic matter that originates from both decomposition of organic matter and exudation from abundant tree roots (Voríšková et al, 2014 ; Hartemink et al, 2020 ). Yang et al ( 2017 ) studied fungal assemblages in two soil profiles using Illumina sequencing datasets and reported that fungal diversity in surface soils was much higher than that in subsurface soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Community Composition and Diversity Vary With Soil Horizons in a Subtropical Forest

et al. 2021

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Soil fungal communities, which drive many ecosystem processes, vary across soil horizons. However, how fungal communities are influenced by soil horizon layers remains largely unstudied. In this study, soil samples were collected from the organic horizon (O horizon) and mineral matter horizon (M horizon) in two sites of Dabie Mountain, China, and the effects of the two horizons on the soil fungal community composition were assessed based on Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Our results showed that soil fungal community composition varied with soil horizons, and soil fungal species richness and diversity in the O horizon were significantly higher than that in the M horizon. Total organic carbon (TOC), total organic nitrogen (TON), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (AHN), available potassium (AK), and available phosphorus (AP) significantly influenced fungal community composition, abundance, and diversity across the two horizons (P < 0.05). Furthermore, precipitation was found to have a significant effect on fungal community composition. Our results demonstrate changes in fungal communities across soil horizons and highlight the importance of soil organic matter on fungal communities and diversity.

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“…A depth of 10 cm is within the upper mineral soil layer (A Horizon) for all of the sites chosen for this study. According to a recent review [30], the coefficient of variation of clay content in a typical A Horizon is low (8%). This allows us to assume that the soil hydraulic properties are approximately the same at 10 cm and 2 cm, and to perform the model fitting at 10 cm against COSMOS UK data using a single layer model.…”

Section: A Crns Soil Moisturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Method to Assess the Performance of SAR-Derived Surface Soil Moisture Products

Beale

Waine

Evans

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a remote sensing technique for mapping of soil moisture with high spatial resolution. C-band SAR can resolve features at field scale, or better, but responds to moisture only within the top 1 to 2 cm of the soil. When validating SAR-derived soil moisture products against standard in-situ measurements at 5 to 10 cm depth, the greater moisture variability at the soil surface may be inaccurately categorised as measurement error. An alternative method was developed where the C-band SAR product is validated against soil moisture simulated at 2 cm depth by the HYDRUS-1D model. This reproduces soil moisture depth profiles from daily meteorological observations, leaf area index and soil hydraulic parameters. The model was fitted at 13 COSMOS-UK sites so that the model output at 10 cm depth closely reproduced the cosmic ray neutron sensor data. At 10 of the sites studied there was an improvement of up to 8% in RMSD by validating the Copernicus SSM product at 2 cm compared to 10 cm. This suggests that Copernicus SSM and other C-band SAR surface soil moisture algorithms may be more accurate than have hitherto been acknowledged.

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Soil horizon variation: A review

Cited by 74 publications

References 121 publications

Undisturbed Soil Pedon under Birch Forest: Characterization of Microbiome in Genetic Horizons

Undisturbed Soil Pedon under Birch Forest: Characterization of Microbiome in Genetic Horizons

Fungal Community Composition and Diversity Vary With Soil Horizons in a Subtropical Forest

A Method to Assess the Performance of SAR-Derived Surface Soil Moisture Products

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