Soil-geomorphology relationships of alluvial fans in Costa Rica

Camacho, Manuel E.; Alvarado, Alfredo; Quesada‐Román, Adolfo; Chinchilla, Rafael Mata

doi:10.1016/j.geodrs.2020.e00258

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The predominant lithology of the Cordillera is composed of three phases: 1) Vulcanism before the upper Miocene, about 17 to 11 Ma ago; 2) Plutonism during the middle-upper Miocene, between 12.5 and 7.5 million years ago, known as the Talamanca Intrusive Group or Talamanca Granite-Gabbro; 3) Post-intrusive magmatic pulses from the Neogene to the Quaternary, whose time range extends between 5 and 2 million years (Alfaro et al, 2018). Regional tectonics are controlled by extreme uplift rates oscillating from 1.7 to 8.5 m/ka (Gardner et al, 2013;Quesada-Román and Zamorano-Orozco, 2019b), as well as faulting with NW-SE and N-S alignments (Camacho et al, 2020). Volcanic slopes molded by glacial or periglacial activity comprise the paleo-glaciated highlands (Quesada-Román and Zamorano-Orozco, 2019b).…”

Section: Geographical Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical glacier reconstructions during the Last Glacial Maximum in Costa Rica

Quesada‐Román¹,

Campos²,

Granados-Bolaños³

2021

revmexcg

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Numerous high elevation tropical mountains around the world show evidence of past glacial activity during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Cerro Chirripó in Costa Rica exhibits paleoglacial landforms such as glacial cirques, moraine deposits and polished and striated bedrock surfaces. We used aerial imagery (1:25000) and contour lines to develop a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the LGM. We determined paleo-equilibrium line altitudes (paleo-ELAs) using Area-Altitude Balance Ratio (AABR) during the LGM for Cerro Chirripó in Costa Rica. Additionally, a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was performed to statistically analyze the paleoglacier volumes and ice thickness combined with ten land surface parameters (LSP). Our results identified thirty-one paleoglaciers covering an area of 28.26 km2 during the global LGM, with a maximum ice thickness of 178 meters in Cerro Chirripó, a total volume of 13863 × 105 m3 and a mean paleo-ELA of 3490 meters. In addition, Area and Slope were the LSP with the highest statistical correlation to explain the paleoglacier volumes, while Area and Diurnal Anisotropic Heating were best for the paleoglacier ice thickness. As one of the first studies in the tropical high mountain environments, this work expands the geographic scope of glacier volume and thickness reconstructions during the maximum expansion of the LGM.

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Section: Geographical Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical glacier reconstructions during the Last Glacial Maximum in Costa Rica

Quesada‐Román¹,

Campos²,

Granados-Bolaños³

2021

revmexcg

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“…Most of these materials became part of extensive fans on the periphery of the mountain. In general, they maintain an inclination <10 °, and the orientation of the longest distance, to the SW, and were classified according to their relative height in late, intermediate, and early (Camacho et al, 2020).…”

Section: Morphogenetic Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landslides and floods zonation using geomorphological analyses in a dynamic basin of Costa Rica

Quesada‐Román¹

2021

rcarto

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Despite of the geomorphological diversity of Central America and Costa Rica, there are few detailed geomorphological studies in the region. A 1:25,000 geomorphological analyses of the Upper General River Basin (UGRB) located in the southeast in Costa Rica is presented, based on the interpretation of aerial photographs and field geomorphological mapping. First, a morphometric analysis was performed to calculate and analyze seven variables that were merged in order to produce the flood and landslides susceptibility maps. Second, a total of 43 types of landforms divided genetically into endogenic (tectonic), and exogenic (fluvial, gravitational, and glacial) features are mapped for an area of 1560 km2. Finally, a geomorphological hazard map with the zonation of the different susceptibility levels of landslides and floods were performed. This cartography is important in terms of geomorphological evolution, disaster risk reduction as well as for land use planning for approximately 40,000 inhabitants. The presented methodology can also be applied in other developing countries for different purposes such as landscape evolution, morphogenetic detailed maps, disaster risk reduction, and land use planning.

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“…Em gabinete foi possível verificar que a amplitude altimétrica das áreas onde foram identificados os depósitos condiz com os valores estabelecidos por Blair e McPherson (1994) para regiões propícias ao desenvolvimento de leques aluviais, superiores a 300m (tabela 1). Tal conformação geomorfológica é consenso na literatura, diversos são os autores que descreveram leques aluviais em regiões com encostas abruptas, alta amplitude altimétrica, vales encaixados e planícies abertas (Cable et al, 2018;Vasconcellos e Kobiyama, 2019;Carniel, 2019;Nogueira et al, 2020;Camacho et al, 2020;Welivitiya et al, 2020;Vasconcellos et al, 2021;dentre outros).…”

Section: Discussõesunclassified

“…Os leques aluviais configuram depósitos de material detrítico mal selecionado provenientes das áreas altas adjacentes, que adquirem grande mobilidade lateral em função do desconfinamento do fluxo (Harvey et al, 2018;Silveira e Silveira, 2020). A referida feição sedimentar e geomorfológica pode ser originada por fluxos de natureza gravitacional e/ou por sistemas fluviais (natureza aluvial com transporte aquático) cujas características litológicas, climáticas e tectônicas regionais são os principais controladores da dinâmica atuante em sua superfície (Bull, 1968;Cable et al, 2018;Nogueira et al, 2020;Camacho et al, 2020;Welivitiya et al, 2020;Babič et al, 2021;Vasconcellos et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Identificação dos leques aluviais dissecados do Quadrilátero Ferrífero (MG) através de critérios espaciais e sedimentológicos

Lopes

Castro

Lana³

et al. 2021

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar os depósitos de leques aluviais colmatados ao longo da base das escarpas do Quadrilátero Ferrífero. A referida identificação ocorreu primeiramente em gabinete, onde foram realizadas leituras de trabalhos relacionados a geomorfologia da região bem como a interpretação dos mapas geológicos disponíveis. Os dados obtidos em gabinete serviram de base para norteamento dos trabalhos de campo, onde foi possível analisar características espaciais, sedimentológicas e morfométricas dos depósitos de encosta e inferir sobre seu possível ambiente deposicional. Os trabalhos de campo foram direcionados a cinco depósitos localizados nas bordas Sul, Oeste e Noroeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero cujos sedimentos estão posicionados de forma oblíqua ao vale principal com características faciológicas que remetem a fluxos de detritos desconfinados. Nos depósitos 1 e 2 foram verificadas diminuição granulométrica de montante para jusante, indicando brusca perda de energia. Essas características somadas as elevadas espessuras dos depósitos de fluxos de detritos permitiram inferir que tais acumulações compreendem leques aluviais inativos, atualmente em fase de dissecação pelos elementos erosivos naturais e antrópicos. Tais leques aluviais podem conter importantes informações a respeito do quadro paleoclimático e paleomorfológico da região, tendo potencial para contribuir com novos dados e aumentar o horizonte de interpretações a respeito da dinâmica paleoambiental quaternária regional. Identification of alluvial fans dissected from the Quadrilátero Ferrífero (MG) through spatial and sedimentological criteriaA B S T R A C TThis study aims to identify deposits of alluvial fans that were filled in along the base of the Iron Quadrangle escarpments. This identification occurred first in the office, where readings of works related to the geomorphology of the region were carried out, as well as the interpretation of the available geological maps. The data obtained in the office was the basis for guiding fieldwork, through which it was possible to analyze spatial, sedimentologic and morphometric characteristics of the slope deposits and to infer their possible depositional environment. The fieldwork was directed to five deposits located on the South, West and Northwest edges of the Iron Quadrangle whose sediments are placed obliquely to the main valley with faciological characteristics denoting unfinished debris flows. In deposits 1 and 2, there was a granulometric decrease from downstream to upstream, indicating an abrupt loss of energy. These characteristics added to the high thickness of the deposits of debris flows allowed to infer that such accumulations comprise inactive alluvial fans, currently in the dissection phase by natural and antropic erosive elements. Such alluvial fans may contain important information about the region's paleoclimatic and paleomorphological framework, with the potential of contributing with new data and increasing the range of interpretations regarding the regional quaternary paleoenvironmental dynamics.Keywords: Quaternary, sedimentary deposits, debris flow, paleogeography.

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Soil-geomorphology relationships of alluvial fans in Costa Rica

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Tropical glacier reconstructions during the Last Glacial Maximum in Costa Rica

Tropical glacier reconstructions during the Last Glacial Maximum in Costa Rica

Landslides and floods zonation using geomorphological analyses in a dynamic basin of Costa Rica

Identificação dos leques aluviais dissecados do Quadrilátero Ferrífero (MG) através de critérios espaciais e sedimentológicos

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