Soil flushing by surfactant solution: Pilot-scale demonstration of complete technology

Šváb, Marek; Kubal, Martin; Müllerová, Martina; Raschman, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.06.116

Cited by 50 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Of the uses of water, cyclodextrins, chelants and surfactants as fl ushing liquids, surfactant-enhanced remediation was widely employed to remediate sites contaminated with heavy metals and hydrocarbons at fi eld-scale , pilotscale (Svab et al 2009 ), and laboratory-scale (Wang and Mulligan 2009 ). Soil fl ushing was able to achieve more than 90 % remediation at pilot-scale and more than 88 % remediation at fi eld-scale when combined with a suitable cationic surfactant.…”

Section: Soil Flushingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the type of surfactant used determines the success of soil fl ushing. Svab et al ( 2009 ) studied the fl ushing process of a real PCBcontaminated site in which an aqueous solution of anionic surfactant (Spolapon AOS 146 solution of 40 g/L) was passed through 1.7 m 3 of polluted sandy soil. In 2.5 months, a decontamination effi ciency of 56 % was achieved, but it could have been 90 % or above if duration of fl ushing was extended for another 6 months.…”

Section: Soil Flushingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In-Situ Remediation Approaches for the Management of Contaminated Sites: A Comprehensive Overview

Kuppusamy

Thavamani

Megharaj

et al. 2016

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Though several in-situ treatment methods exist to remediate polluted sites, selecting an appropriate site-specific remediation technology is challenging and is critical for successful clean up of polluted sites. Hence, a comprehensive overview of all the available remediation technologies to date is necessary to choose the right technology for an anticipated pollutant. This review has critically evaluated the (i) technological profile of existing in-situ remediation approaches for priority and emerging pollutants, (ii) recent innovative technologies for on-site pollutant remediation, and (iii) current challenges as well as future prospects for developing innovative approaches to enhance the efficacy of remediation at contaminated sites.

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Section: Soil Flushingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Flushingmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Remediation Approaches for the Management of Contaminated Sites: A Comprehensive Overview

Kuppusamy

Thavamani

Megharaj

et al. 2016

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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show abstract

“…The current study focuses on soils at a metallurgical plant (Mann 1999;Svab et al 2009;Navarro and Martinez 2010) that produces Pb and Zn. The stratigraphy of the experimental site consists of a surface layer that contains contaminated soils up to a depth of 4 m.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The applicability of soil flushing technology in a metallurgical plant

Manca

Caredda

Orrù

2018

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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Soil flushing technology is an 'in situ' remediation technique involving the injection of a liquid solution. Applications of the soil flushing technique depend on the leachability of the pollutants and the environmental compatibility and total volumes of the solutions used. Therefore, experiments should consider these aspects by simulating the real phenomenon and using the most suitable reagents for the leachability of the different mineralogical forms present. Thirtyone laboratory tests were carried out (in batch and becker) to the complete exhaustion of the leaching capacity according to pH measurements. The reaction kinetics were studied by producing more than 300 solution samples during which the principal heavy metal concentrations, pH and Eh were measured. Leaching solutions containing various concentrations of hydrochloric, sulphuric, nitric and acetic acids were used. Mercury was leached using potassium iodide and acetic acid (pH 2). Analytes such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, selenium and zinc proved to be leachable in the investigated soil layer. However, high removal efficiencies could be obtained using different typological solutions, concentrations and volumes. The paper discusses the applicability of the soil flushing technique for different heavy metal contents and pH conditions of the flushing solution.

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“…It is well known that they can improve the mass transfer of hydrophobic pollutants from the solid or nonaqueous liquid phase to the aqueous phase by decreasing the interfacial tension and accumulating the hydrophobic compounds inside micelles [5]. Therefore, due to its high efficiency and short implementation period, surfactant-enhanced remediation (SER) is effective in degrading the HOCs in soil system [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micellar Aggregation Behavior and Electrochemically Reversible Solubilization of a Redox-Active Nonionic Surfactant

Long

Tian

et al. 2015

J Solution Chem

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For the purpose of studying the potential of a novel nonionic switchable surfactant, 11-ferrocenylundecyl polyoxyethylene ether (FPEG), applied to surfactant-enhanced remediation (SER), the surface properties and micelle solubilization behavior of FPEG were investigated with different inorganic salts. With the addition of inorganic salts (NaCl and CaCl 2 ), the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of FPEG dropped from 15 to 12 and 8 mgÁL -1 , respectively, due to the salting-out effect on the alkyl chain. Thermodynamic parameters based on the CMCs indicated that micelle formation was an entropydriven process. Dynamic light scattering measurements verified that these inorganic salts can decrease the hydrodynamic diameters (D h ) of the micelles. Solubilization experiments with three typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) demonstrated that the system of FPEG with NaCl shows the highest solubilization ability, and the molar solubilization ratio and micelle-water partition coefficient (K m ) values follow the order pyrene [ phenanthrene [ acenaphthene. After oxidation, PAHs can be released from the micelles through breaking up of the micelles, and the cumulative release efficiency of pyrene, phenanthrene and acenaphthene are 31.2, 42.8 and 44.6 %; the order of release efficiency is opposite to that of the reduced form for solubilization abilities. All the results suggest that the ferrocene-containing, redox-active surfactant FPEG has the potential to be recycled in SER technology through electrochemistry approaches.

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Soil flushing by surfactant solution: Pilot-scale demonstration of complete technology

Cited by 50 publications

References 31 publications

In-Situ Remediation Approaches for the Management of Contaminated Sites: A Comprehensive Overview

In-Situ Remediation Approaches for the Management of Contaminated Sites: A Comprehensive Overview

The applicability of soil flushing technology in a metallurgical plant

Micellar Aggregation Behavior and Electrochemically Reversible Solubilization of a Redox-Active Nonionic Surfactant

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