Soil Factors Influencing Formation of Mycorrhizae

Slankis, V.

doi:10.1146/annurev.py.12.090174.002253

Cited by 125 publications

(84 citation statements)

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“…Assim, a colonização pelo fungo ectomicorrízico, na fase de viveiro, não estaria obrigatoriamente associada a um grande efeito da simbiose no crescimento da planta para obtenção de uma adequada resposta em nível de campo (Marx et al 1985). Pois, outros fatores como pH, temperatura e umidade do solo, podem influenciar na resposta das mudas à inoculação, quando levadas a campo (Slankis 1974). TABELA 4: Valores de massa da parte aérea seca (MS-PA), comprimento radicular (CR), área superficial específica radicular (ASE) e colonização micorrízica (CM) de mudas de eucalipto inoculadas com diferentes isolados e mistura de fungos ectomicorrízicos.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Efeito da inoculação com fungos ectomicorrízicos na produção de mudas de <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> W. Hill ex Maiden em solo arenoso.

Silva

Antoniolli²,

Andreazza³

2005

Ciênc. Florest.

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RESUMOEste trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito de diferentes inóculos e mistura de inóculos de fungos ectomicorrízicos sobre a produção de mudas de eucalipto em solo arenoso. O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos foram quatro isolados e quatro mistura de inóculo de fungos ectomicorrízicos. Utilizou-se solo sob processo de arenização, coletado no município de São Francisco de Assis -RS. Avaliou-se a massa da parte aérea e radicular verde, massa da parte aérea seca, altura de planta, diâmetro do colo, comprimento e área superficial específica radicular, colonização micorrízica e teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio. Os resultados mostraram que o isolado F2-RS (Pisolithus sp.) proporcionou os maiores incrementos no desenvolvimento das mudas de eucalipto. A mistura de inóculos de fungos pode ser utilizada desde que se tenha um prévio conhecimento do efeito isolado do fungo.Palavras-chave: fungos ectomicorrízicos, eucalipto, solo arenoso. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper was to analyze the effect of different ectomycorrhizal fungi isolates and mixture of inoculum in the eucalyptus seedling production, in sandy soil. The treatments were four isolates of fungi and four inoculum mixture of ectomycorrhizal fungi. It was used soil with sandy process, collected at São Francisco de Assis, RS. It was determined the fresh matter of the shoot and the root system, above-ground dry matter, root length and specific surface area, mycorrhizal colonization, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium level. The results showed that the F2-RS (Pisolithus sp.) isolated increased the eucalypt seedling development. The mixture of fungi inoculum could be used once there is a knowledge of the isolated effect to each fungi.Key words: ectomycorrhizal fungi, eucalypt, sandy soil. INTRODUÇÃOAs ectomicorrizas são fungos pertencentes à subdivisão Basidiomicotina cuja estrutura fúngica se desenvolve na raiz e nos espaços intercelulares do córtex, sem que ocorra penetração celular (Peterson e Bonfante, 1994). Esses fungos ocorrem em um grupo restrito de plantas (aproximadamente 5%), no entanto, tal associação é importante economicamente, sobretudo para o setor florestal. As ectomicorrizas podem melhorar a eficiência na absorção de alguns nutrientes. Concentrações mais elevadas de Cu, Mn, Mg, Ca, Fe e Zn foram encontrados nos rizoma e frutificações dos fungos do que nos órgãos das plantas sem micorrizas (Smith e Read 1977; Bellei e Carvalho 1992). Assim, alguns países vêm desenvolvendo, com êxito, programas de micorrização controlada, propiciando aumentos significativos na produção de biomassa florestal, como ocorre por exemplo em eucalipto, além de contribuir para que as plantas desenvolvam-se em locais onde, isoladamente, não teriam produção viável do ponto de vista econômico.Uma das essências florestais mais plantadas no Brasil é o eucalipto em razão de seu rápido crescimento e elevado rendimento econômico. Com o aumento das áreas reflorestadas anualmente, a produção de mudas de essências florestais tem aumentado, não ...

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Efeito da inoculação com fungos ectomicorrízicos na produção de mudas de <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> W. Hill ex Maiden em solo arenoso.

Silva

Antoniolli²,

Andreazza³

2005

Ciênc. Florest.

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“…Although only some soil parameters were measured, others such as soil texture [7], bulk density [33,51], NH 4 + , NO 3 -, SO 4 -, Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Zn contents, CEC [5,37] and soil microorganisms [15,42,51] could affect the ECM colonization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectomycorrhizal colonization of Alnus acuminata Kunth in northwestern Argentina in relation to season and soil parameters

et al. 2005

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-The objective of this study was to determine patterns of ECM colonization of Andean alder at two natural forests in relation to soil parameters at two different seasons (autumn and spring). The soil parameters studied were field capacity, pH, electrical conductivity, available P, total N and organic matter. Twelve ECM morphotypes were found on A. acuminata roots. The ECM colonization varied among soil types and was affected positively by electrical conductivity. Multiple regression relationships among ECM colonization and edaphic properties variables showed no significant differences at two seasons and among soil types with respect to morphotype diversity values. Positive correlations were found between three morphotypes (Cortinarius tucumanensis, Gyrodon monticola and Russula alnijorrulensis) and soil types and two other morphotypes (Naucoria escharoides and Lactarius sp.) between two seasons. Results of this study provide evidence that ECM colonization of A. acuminata is affected by some chemical edaphic parameters and indicate that some ECM morphotypes are sensitive to changes in seasonality and soil parameters.Alnus acuminata / ectomycorrhizal diversity / Andean forest / soil type Résumé -Colonisation ectomycorrhizienne d'Alnus acuminata Kunth au nord-ouest de l'Argentine en relation avec la saison et quelques paramètres du sol. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer, au cours de deux différentes saisons (août et printemps), les modèles de colonisation de l'aulne andin dans deux forêts naturelles en relation avec quelques paramètres de sol. Les paramètres de sol étudiés étaient la capacité au champ, le pH, la conductivité électrique, le P disponible, le N total et la matière organique. Douze morphotypes de ECM ont été trouvés sur des racines de A. acuminata. La colonisation par les ECM varie en fonction des types de sols et est affectée positivement par la conductivité électrique. Les relations de régression multiple entre la colonisation de ECM et les variables de propriétés du sol n'ont montré aucune différence significative entre les deux saisons et entre les types de sol pour ce qui concerne des valeurs de diversité morphotypique. Des corrélations positives existent entre Cortinarius tucumanensis, Gyrodon monticola et Russula alnijorrulensis et les types de sol, et entre Naucoria escharoides et Lactarius sp. et les deux saisons. Les résultats de cette étude mettent en évidence que la colonisation de ECM de A. acuminata est affectée par quelques paramètres édaphiques chimiques et indiquent que quelques morphotypes de ECM sont sensibles aux changements des paramètres saisonniers et pédologiques.Alnus acuminata / diversité ectomycorrhizienne / forêt Andine / type de sol

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“…Ectomycorrhizae increase uptake of many nutrients by plant roots (5,7,8,16,19). Harley and colleagues (6,7) extensively studied P uptake by excised beech mycorrhizae and P storage in the fungus and its subsequent transfer to the host.…”

Section: Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both cytoplasmic and vacuolar fluxes for mycorrhizal hemlock were 2-fold greater than for spruce and 3-fold greater than for Douglas fir. These results demonstrate the usefulness of compartmental analysis for study of ion fluxes in intact mycorrhizal root systems and suggest that the fungal tonoplast may be the site for regulation of potassium fluxes in these coniferous roots.Ectomycorrhizae increase uptake of many nutrients by plant roots (5,7,8,16,19). Harley and colleagues (6, 7) extensively studied P uptake by excised beech mycorrhizae and P storage in the fungus and its subsequent transfer to the host.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal Effects on Potassium Fluxes by Northwest Coniferous Seedlings

Rygiewicz¹,

Bledsoe²

1984

Plant Physiol.

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In ectomycorrhizae, the relative abilities of mycobiont and host plant to take up and store inorganic nutrients are not easily determined due to the intimate physical relationship of the two components forming the association. Since [Bong.j Carr.) seedlings.Mycorrhizas significantly increased 8'Rb uptake rates while decreasing the amount of MRb released to the external solution. Using compartmental analysis, the flux data suggest that the primary mycorrhizal effects were to increase inward potassium fluxes across the fungal tonoplast and to decrease potassium efflux across the fungal tonoplast, as compared with nonmycorrhizal seedling roots. The result was greater potassium storage, presumably in the fungal vacuole. The three coniferous species responded differently to fungal infection with respect to potassium fluxes. Both cytoplasmic and vacuolar fluxes for mycorrhizal hemlock were 2-fold greater than for spruce and 3-fold greater than for Douglas fir. These results demonstrate the usefulness of compartmental analysis for study of ion fluxes in intact mycorrhizal root systems and suggest that the fungal tonoplast may be the site for regulation of potassium fluxes in these coniferous roots.Ectomycorrhizae increase uptake of many nutrients by plant roots (5,7,8,16,19). Harley and colleagues (6, 7) extensively studied P uptake by excised beech mycorrhizae and P storage in the fungus and its subsequent transfer to the host. Substantial storage of 32p occurred in the fungal sheath and only 10% of the absorbed P was transferred to the host core as inorganic P. These early pioneering studies relied on physical separation of fungus

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Soil Factors Influencing Formation of Mycorrhizae

Cited by 125 publications

References 20 publications

Efeito da inoculação com fungos ectomicorrízicos na produção de mudas de <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> W. Hill ex Maiden em solo arenoso.

Efeito da inoculação com fungos ectomicorrízicos na produção de mudas de <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> W. Hill ex Maiden em solo arenoso.

Ectomycorrhizal colonization of Alnus acuminata Kunth in northwestern Argentina in relation to season and soil parameters

Mycorrhizal Effects on Potassium Fluxes by Northwest Coniferous Seedlings

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