Soil erosion in an avalanche release site (Valle d'Aosta: Italy): towards a winter factor for RUSLE in the Alps

Stanchi, Silvia; Freppaz, M.; Ceaglio, E.; Maggioni, Margherita; Meusburger, Katrin; Alewell, Christine; Zanini, Ermanno

doi:10.5194/nhessd-2-1405-2014

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Snow cover is a key visual and hydrological characteristic of many mountain belts during the winter months. Nevertheless, the plethora of studies dedicated to quantifying rates of erosion and sediment transport in steeplands has largely neglected the role of snow cover in potentially modulating these rates (Stanchi et al, 2014). Snow avalanching in particular is an important and seasonally recurring process in many high-altitude and high-latitude regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil erosion and organic carbon export by wet snow avalanches

Rixen¹,

Korup²

2014

Preprint

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Abstract. Many mountain belts sustain prolonged snow cover for parts of the year, although enquiries into rates of erosion in these landscapes have focused almost exclusively on the snow-free periods. This raises the question of whether annual snow cover contributes significantly to modulating rates of erosion in high-relief terrain. In this context, the sudden release of snow avalanches is a frequent and potentially relevant process, judging from the physical damage to subalpine forest ecosystems, and the amount of debris contained in avalanche deposits. To quantitatively constrain this visual impression and to expand the sparse existing literature, we sampled sediment concentrations of n = 28 river-spanning snow-avalanche deposits (snow bridges) in the eastern Swiss Alps, and infer an orders-of-magnitude variability in specific fine sediment and organic carbon yields (1.8 to 830 t km−2 yr−1, and 0.04 to 131 t C km−2 yr−1, respectively). A Monte Carlo simulation demonstrates that, with a minimum of free parameters, such variability is inherent to the geometric scaling used for computing specific yields. Moreover, the widely applied method of linearly extrapolating plot-scale sample data may be prone to substantial under- or over-estimates. A comparison of our inferred yields with previously published work demonstrates the relevance of wet snow avalanches as prominent agents of soil erosion and transporters of biogeochemical constituents to mountain rivers. Given that a number of snow bridges persisted below the insulating debris cover well into the summer months, snow-avalanche deposits also contribute to regulating in-channel sediment and organic debris storage on seasonal timescales. Finally, our results underline the potential shortcomings of neglecting erosional processes in the winter and spring months in mountainous terrain subjected to prominent snow cover.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil erosion and organic carbon export by wet snow avalanches

Rixen¹,

Korup²

2014

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, the plethora of studies dedicated to quantifying rates of erosion and sediment transport in steeplands has largely neglected the role of snow cover in potentially modulating these rates (Stanchi et al, 2014). Snow avalanching in particular is an important and seasonally recurring process in many high-altitude and high-latitude regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil erosion and organic carbon export by wet snow avalanches

Korup

Rixen²

2014

The Cryosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Many mountain belts sustain prolonged snow cover for parts of the year, although enquiries into rates of erosion in these landscapes have focused almost exclusively on the snow-free periods. This raises the question of whether annual snow cover contributes significantly to modulating rates of erosion in high-relief terrain. In this context, the sudden release of snow avalanches is a frequent and potentially relevant process, judging from the physical damage to subalpine forest ecosystems, and the amount of debris contained in avalanche deposits. To quantitatively constrain this visual impression and to expand the sparse literature, we sampled sediment concentrations of n = 28 riverspanning snow-avalanche deposits (snow bridges) in the area around Davos, eastern Swiss Alps, and inferred an ordersof-magnitude variability in specific fine sediment and organic carbon yields (1.8 to 830 t km −2 yr −1 , and 0.04 to 131 t C km −2 yr −1 , respectively). A Monte Carlo simulation demonstrates that, with a minimum of free parameters, such variability is inherent to the geometric scaling used for computing specific yields. Moreover, the widely applied method of linearly extrapolating plot scale sample data may be prone to substantial under-or overestimates. A comparison of our inferred yields with previously published work demonstrates the relevance of wet snow avalanches as prominent agents of soil erosion and transporters of biogeochemical constituents to mountain rivers. Given that a number of snow bridges persisted below the insulating debris cover well into the summer months, snow-avalanche deposits also contribute to regulating in-channel sediment and organic debris storage on seasonal timescales. Finally, our results underline the potential shortcomings of neglecting erosional processes in the winter and spring months in mountainous terrain subjected to prominent snow cover.

show abstract

Soil erosion in an avalanche release site (Valle d'Aosta: Italy): towards a winter factor for RUSLE in the Alps

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Soil erosion and organic carbon export by wet snow avalanches

Soil erosion and organic carbon export by wet snow avalanches

Soil erosion and organic carbon export by wet snow avalanches

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