Soil Enzymes as Indication of Soil Quality

Changes in Enzymatic Activities and Microbial Communities in Soil under Long-Term Maize Monoculture and Crop Rotation

“…The indicators of soil quality include soil chemical properties (i.e., pH, cation exchange capacity, nutrient reserves, ionic diffusion), physical properties (i.e., soil texture and structure, available water capacity, pore size distribution, water movement, erosion), biological properties (i.e., soil organic carbon, microbial biomass, soil biodiversity, mineralization, respiration), and the interaction between them [6][7].…”

“…Microbiological processes in soil have been measured using several parameters, such as microbial biomass, respiration, and enzymatic activities. Enzyme activity is essential in both mineralisation and transformation of organic C and plant nutrients [6]. The number of biological and biochemical properties can be used as early and sensitive indicators of soil organic matter transformations and dynamics, nutrient cycling, and stress and recovery conditions in soil.…”

“…The number of biological and biochemical properties can be used as early and sensitive indicators of soil organic matter transformations and dynamics, nutrient cycling, and stress and recovery conditions in soil. Many authors are of the opinion that the measurement of soil enzymes and soil microbial communities can be used as indicative of the biological activities and natural biochemical processes in soil [6][7][8][9][10]. The numbers of microorganisms are also an indicator of changes taking place in the soil environment and plant cultivation [8].…”

Impacts of the transgenic CrylAc and CpTI insect-resistant cotton SGK321 on selected soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere

“…Soil enzymes play an essential role in catalyzing reactions of organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling, involved in energy transfer, environmental quality and crop productivity, and often are used as indices of microbial activity and soil fertility (Karaca et al 2011). Previous studies showed that the Bt proteins bind rapidly onto the surface-active particles in soil and become less accessible to microbial degradation but retain insecticidal activity (Vettori et al 2003, Stotzky 2004.…”

Functional and applied significance of biological activity of soil

“…Якщо перша складова швидко реа-гує на зміни і відображає активність біоти, то друга є результатом акумуляції фер-ментів ґрунтовим комплексом і становить 40-60% від загальної ФА ґрунту. Поза-клітинні ферменти відображають кумулятивний ефект тривалої життєдіяльності мікрофлори, тому погано корелюють із активністю мікроорганізмів, їх біомасою [39,52]. Таким чином, у разі інтерпретації результатів ферментативної активності ґрунту необхідний комплексний підхід, який би враховував властивості ґрунту, його екогеографічну оцінку з іншими параметрами біологічної активності.…”