Soil deformation after one water-drop impact – The effect of texture and soil moisture content

Mazur, Rafał; Ryżak, Magdalena; Sochan, Agata; Beczek, Michał; Polakowski, Cezary; Przysucha, Bartosz; Bieganowski, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.115838

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Admittedly, there are known attempts to calculate the volume of craters based on their depth and diameter obtained from profiles using the hemisphere formula [ 30 , 41 ]. However, using the above equation results in an overestimation of the crater’s volume [ 60 ]. In addition, without a complete picture of deformation, it is difficult to be certain of carrying out the profile through key points, i.e., those where the crater is deepest, the diameter representative, and where the rim reaches its greatest height.…”

Section: Crater Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found that both methods allowed the fast generation of digital models providing good accuracy, which was, however, better with the laser scanner, which enabled the imaging of small aggregates and the spaces between them. 3D models provide the opportunity to determine the highest and lowest points within the entire deformation (not just in a single two-dimensional profile)–as was done in the work of Mazur et al [ 60 ]–or to present the surface roughness within the entire crater [ 35 , 39 , 42 , 49 , 52 ]. In addition, it is possible to measure the diameter, the circularity and volume of craters, the quantities that characterize the rim, including the volume of material that forms it, and determine the dimensions of the material wetted by the drop if such element is present and measurable [ 56 , 60 ].…”

Section: Crater Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3D models provide the opportunity to determine the highest and lowest points within the entire deformation (not just in a single two-dimensional profile)–as was done in the work of Mazur et al [ 60 ]–or to present the surface roughness within the entire crater [ 35 , 39 , 42 , 49 , 52 ]. In addition, it is possible to measure the diameter, the circularity and volume of craters, the quantities that characterize the rim, including the volume of material that forms it, and determine the dimensions of the material wetted by the drop if such element is present and measurable [ 56 , 60 ]. In the case of Laburda et al [ 67 ], the use of photogrammetry made it possible to determine the change in level and roughness of soil samples after natural precipitation.…”

Section: Crater Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Deformation after Water Drop Impact—A Review of the Measurement Methods

Mazur

Ryżak

Sochan

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Water erosion is an unfavorable phenomenon causing soil degradation. One of the factors causing water erosion is heavy or prolonged rainfall, the first effect of which is the deformation of the soil surface and the formation of microcraters. This paper presents an overview of research methods allowing the study of microcraters as well as the process of their formation. A tabular summary of work on the measurements of various quantities describing the craters is presented. The said quantities are divided into three groups: (i) static quantities, (ii) dynamic quantities, and (iii) dimensionless parameters. The most important measurement methods used to study crater properties, such as (i) basic manual measurement methods, (ii) photography, (iii) high-speed imaging, (iv) profilometers, (v) 3D surface modelling, and (vi) computed tomography (CT) and its possibilities and limitations are discussed. The main challenges and prospects of research on soil surface deformation are also presented.

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Section: Crater Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crater Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crater Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Deformation after Water Drop Impact—A Review of the Measurement Methods

Mazur

Ryżak

Sochan

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…The enhanced infiltration effects may be exacerbated as pour points drops are larger (D. F. Levia et al., 2017) with greater kinetic energy than rainfall, creating larger craters in the soil than throughfall (Beczek et al., 2018; Mazur et al., 2022), promoting infiltration (S. E. Thompson et al., 2010). Splash from droplets may also remove surface litter or hydrophobic layers (Lowe, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing Pour Points: Characteristics and Hydrological Significance of a Rainfall‐Concentrating Mechanism in a Water‐Limited Woodland Ecosystem

Kunadi,

Lardner,

Silberstein

et al. 2024

Water Resources Research

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The interception of rainfall by plant canopies alters the depth and spatial distribution of water arriving at the soil surface, and thus the location, volume, and depth of infiltration. Mechanisms like stemflow are known to concentrate rainfall and route it deep into the soil, yet other mechanisms of flow concentration are poorly understood. This study characterizes pour points, formed by the detachment of water flowing under a branch, using a combination of field observations in Western Australian banksia woodlands and rainfall simulation experiments on Banksia menziesii branches. We aim to establish the hydrological significance of pour points in a water‐limited woodland ecosystem, along with the features of the canopy structure and rainfall that influence pour point formation and fluxes. Pour points were common in the woodland and could be identified by visually inspecting trees. Throughfall depths at pour points were up to 15 times greater than rainfall and generally comparable to or greater than stemflow. Soil water content beneath pour points was greater than in adjacent controls, with 20%–30% of the seasonal rainfall volume infiltrated into the top 1 m of soil beneath pour points, compared to 5% in controls. Rainfall simulations showed that pour points amplified the spatial heterogeneity of throughfall, violating assumptions used to close the water balance. The simulation experiments demonstrated that pour point fluxes depend on the interaction of branch angle and foliation for a given branch architecture. Pour points can play a significant part in the water balance, depending on their density and rainfall concentration ability.

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“…The impact of liquid droplets on particles is commonly encountered in both natural and industrial applications, such as the immersion, splashing, and erosion of water droplets when impacting the soil during natural rainfall, − the preparation of liquid marbles, , and the wet deposition of polluted particles from industrial emissions. , When considering the contact collision between droplets and superheated particles, the interaction and dynamic behavior play very important roles in changes in boiling regime and heat transfer efficiency between solid and liquid. Despite the high thermal resistance of the contact of particles compared to the planar structure, , the droplet will still enter the film boiling regime when the temperature of the particles is much higher than the saturation temperature of the droplet .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Behavior of Droplet Impact on Laminar Superheated Particles

Jiao

Zhu

et al. 2023

Langmuir

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The impact of droplets on particles involves a wide range of complex phenomena and mechanisms, including bubble nucleation, crater formation, fluidization, and more intricate changes in the boiling regime when impacting superheated particles. In this study, we focus on droplet impact behavior on superheated laminar particles at various temperatures and define six typical characteristic patterns of a single droplet impact on superheated laminar particles, including film evaporation, bubbly boiling, immersion boiling, sputter boiling, transition boiling, and film boiling. It is worth noting that the variations of inertial force F I caused by gravity, the capillary force F C generated by the pores of the droplets, and the dewetting force by the vapor phase F V are the main contributors to different evaporation regimes. Interestingly, we find that the Leidenfrost point (LFP) of droplets on the laminar superheated particles decreases with particle size, which is related to the effect of the pore space generated between the laminar particles. Finally, the effect of temperature, particle size, and Weber number (We) on the dynamic behavior of droplet impact is revealed. Experimental results show that the instantaneous diameter of droplets is inversely proportional to the change of height, with different patterns of maximum spreading diameter and maximum bounce height at different particle sizes, while the maximum spreading velocity and maximum bounce velocity are independent of particle size. We believe the present work would provide a broader knowledge and comprehension of the droplet impact on heated particles and promote the development of the safety and productivity of industrial processes such as fluid catalytic cracking, spray drying, and spray cooling.

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Soil deformation after one water-drop impact – The effect of texture and soil moisture content

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Soil Deformation after Water Drop Impact—A Review of the Measurement Methods

Soil Deformation after Water Drop Impact—A Review of the Measurement Methods

Introducing Pour Points: Characteristics and Hydrological Significance of a Rainfall‐Concentrating Mechanism in a Water‐Limited Woodland Ecosystem

Dynamic Behavior of Droplet Impact on Laminar Superheated Particles

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