Soil carbon sequestration in freshwater wetlands varies across a gradient of ecological condition and by ecoregion

Fennessy, M. Siobhan; Wardrop, Denice H.; Moon, Jessica B.; Wilson, Sara S.; Craft, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.09.013

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Wetlands are sources of freshwater for domestic and agricultural use and are important for the livelihoods and food security of many local communities [4,18,19]. Besides, they are suspected to contribute to global long-term carbon sequestration [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priorities and Interactions of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with Focus on Wetlands

Jaramillo¹,

Desormeaux²,

Hedlund³

et al. 2019

Water

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Wetlands are often vital physical and social components of a country’s natural capital, as well as providers of ecosystem services to local and national communities. We performed a network analysis to prioritize Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets for sustainable development in iconic wetlands and wetlandscapes around the world. The analysis was based on the information and perceptions on 45 wetlandscapes worldwide by 49 wetland researchers of the Global Wetland Ecohydrological Network (GWEN). We identified three 2030 Agenda targets of high priority across the wetlandscapes needed to achieve sustainable development: Target 6.3—“Improve water quality”; 2.4—“Sustainable food production”; and 12.2—“Sustainable management of resources”. Moreover, we found specific feedback mechanisms and synergies between SDG targets in the context of wetlands. The most consistent reinforcing interactions were the influence of Target 12.2 on 8.4—“Efficient resource consumption”; and that of Target 6.3 on 12.2. The wetlandscapes could be differentiated in four bundles of distinctive priority SDG-targets: “Basic human needs”, “Sustainable tourism”, “Environmental impact in urban wetlands”, and “Improving and conserving environment”. In general, we find that the SDG groups, targets, and interactions stress that maintaining good water quality and a “wise use” of wetlandscapes are vital to attaining sustainable development within these sensitive ecosystems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priorities and Interactions of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with Focus on Wetlands

Jaramillo¹,

Desormeaux²,

Hedlund³

et al. 2019

Water

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“…Forecast hydrological variations will have profound effects on the processes responsible for nutrient cycling in wetlands [119]. More specifically, Fennesy et al [175] recognized that wetlands' capacity to sequester carbon is a function of factors that interact across multiple scales and hydrologic disturbances, such as drainage and shortened hydroperiods, which tend to increase soil drying and organic carbon oxidation, resulting in the release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere [24]. In fact, drying-rewetting cycles may represent a significant physiological stress for soil biota, which can undergo an osmotic shock with possible cell lyses and release of intracellular solutes [176].…”

Section: Consequence Of Sediment Desiccation and Re-flooding On Greenhouse Gases Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemistry of Mediterranean Wetlands: A Review about the Effects of Water-Level Fluctuations on Phosphorus Cycling and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Vicente

2021

Water

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Although Mediterranean wetlands are characterized by extreme natural water level fluctuations in response to irregular precipitation patterns, global climate change is expected to amplify this pattern by shortening precipitation seasons and increasing the incidence of summer droughts in this area. As a consequence, a part of the lake sediment will be exposed to air-drying in dry years when the water table becomes low. This periodic sediment exposure to dry/wet cycles will likely affect biogeochemical processes. Unexpectedly, to date, few studies are focused on assessing the effects of water level fluctuations on the biogeochemistry of these ecosystems. In this review, we investigate the potential impacts of water level fluctuations on phosphorus dynamics and on greenhouse gases emissions in Mediterranean wetlands. Major drivers of global change, and specially water level fluctuations, will lead to the degradation of water quality in Mediterranean wetlands by increasing the availability of phosphorus concentration in the water column upon rewetting of dry sediment. CO2 fluxes are likely to be enhanced during desiccation, while inundation is likely to decrease cumulative CO2 emissions, as well as N2O emissions, although increasing CH4 emissions. However, there exists a complete gap of knowledge about the net effect of water level fluctuations induced by global change on greenhouse gases emission. Accordingly, further research is needed to assess whether the periodic exposure to dry–wet cycles, considering the extent and frequency of the cycles, will amplify the role of these especial ecosystems as a source of these gases and thereby act as a feedback mechanism for global warming. To conclude, it is pertinent to consider that a better understanding about the effect of water level fluctuations on the biogeochemistry of Mediterranean wetlands will help to predict how other freshwater ecosystems will respond.

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“…Contrary to this expectation, seasonally saturated wetland soils can sequester large stocks of SOC (Pearse et al 2018;Tangen and Bansal 2020), though little is known about the mechanisms that could promote long-term SOC storage in seasonally saturated wetlands. As wetting and drying cycles in wetlands are expected to become more extreme with changes in land use and climate (e.g., Fennessy et al 2018;Lee et al 2020), understanding the mechanisms of SOC storage in seasonally saturated wetlands is critical to predicting the vulnerability of SOC to future change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical protection in aggregates and organo-mineral associations contribute to carbon stabilization at the transition zone of seasonally saturated wetlands

Kottkamp

Jones

Palmer

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Wetlands store significant soil organic carbon (SOC) globally, yet this SOC is sensitive to climate and land use change. Seasonally saturated wetlands experience fluctuating hydrologic conditions that may promote the physicochemical mechanisms known to control SOC stabilization in upland soils; these wetlands are therefore likely to be important for SOC storage at the landscape-scale. We investigated the role of physicochemical mechanisms of SOC stabilization in five seasonally saturated wetlands to test the hypothesis that these mechanisms are present, particularly at the transition zone between wetland and upland where saturation in the upper soil profile is most variable. At each wetland, we monitored water level and collected soil samples at five points along a transect from frequently saturated basin edge to rarely saturated upland. We quantified physical protection of SOC in aggregates and organo-mineral associations in mineral horizons to 0.5 m depth. As expected, SOC decreased from basin edge to upland. In the basin edge and transition zone, the majority of SOC was physically protected in macroaggregates. By contrast, overall organo-mineral associations were low, with the highest Fe concentrations (5 mg Fe g− 1 soil) in the transition zone. While both stabilization mechanisms were present in the transition zone, physical protection is more likely to be a dominant mechanism of SOC stabilization in seasonally saturated wetlands. As future climate scenarios predict changes in wetland wet and dry cycles, understanding the mechanisms by which SOC is stabilized in wetland soils is critical for predicting the vulnerability of SOC to future change.

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Soil carbon sequestration in freshwater wetlands varies across a gradient of ecological condition and by ecoregion

Cited by 28 publications

References 34 publications

Priorities and Interactions of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with Focus on Wetlands

Priorities and Interactions of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with Focus on Wetlands

Biogeochemistry of Mediterranean Wetlands: A Review about the Effects of Water-Level Fluctuations on Phosphorus Cycling and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Physical protection in aggregates and organo-mineral associations contribute to carbon stabilization at the transition zone of seasonally saturated wetlands

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