Soil Carbon Distribution in Nonacidic and Acidic Tundra of Arctic Alaska

Bockheim, James G.; Walker, Donald A.; Everett, L. R.

doi:10.1201/9780203739273-11

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Bockheim et al () reported values of (50 kg C/m 3 ) for the area around Barrow in northwestern Alaska coast. As they noted, this is less than other inland Arctic sites (62 kg C/m 3 reported in Michaelson et al, , and 65 kg C/m 3 in Bockheim et al, ), which might be due to higher ground ice contents in the coastal regions. Our results emphasize how important it is to include deeper carbon in calculations since only 44% of the SOC in our study was stored in the upper 1 m, with 56% of it at greater depths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Where gravimetric ice contents were not available (35% of samples), another method was used based on several studies that showed a significant relationship ( R 2 = 0.823) between organic carbon concentrations and bulk densities (Bockheim et al, , ). In those cases, bulk density was estimated according to the following empirically derived equation (Bockheim et al, ):

ρ_{b} = 1.374 ((), 10^{- 0.026 x})

where x is the TOC (% wt).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This region therefore has the potential to release high amounts of organic matter. In North America, total organic carbon (TOC) contents of permafrost soils have been shown to vary considerably depending on soil type and land cover (Bockheim et al, , , , ; Bockheim & Hinkel, ; Michaelson et al, ; Obu, Lantuit, Myers‐Smith, et al, ; Ping et al, ; Tarnocai, ; Tarnocai et al, , , ), with mean values between 30 and 60 kg C/m 3 . Most measurements of TOC in permafrost have been confined to the top 1 m of soil, although some recent studies have examined deeper deposits (Bockheim & Hinkel, ; Strauss et al, ; Tarnocai et al, ; Zimov et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coastal Erosion of Permafrost Soils Along the Yukon Coastal Plain and Fluxes of Organic Carbon to the Canadian Beaufort Sea

et al. 2018

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Reducing uncertainties about carbon cycling is important in the Arctic where rapid environmental changes contribute to enhanced mobilization of carbon. Here we quantify soil organic carbon (SOC) contents of permafrost soils along the Yukon Coastal Plain and determine the annual fluxes from coastal erosion. Different terrain units were assessed based on surficial geology, morphology, and ground ice conditions. To account for the volume of wedge ice and massive ice in a unit, SOC contents were reduced by 19% and sediment contents by 16%. The SOC content in a 1 m2 column of soil varied according to the height of the bluff, ranging from 30 to 662 kg, with a mean value of 183 kg. Forty‐four per cent of the SOC was within the top 1 m of soil and values varied based on surficial materials, ranging from 30 to 53 kg C/m3, with a mean of 41 kg. Eighty per cent of the shoreline was erosive with a mean annual rate of change of −0.7 m/yr. This resulted in a SOC flux per meter of shoreline of 132 kg C/m/yr, and a total flux for the entire 282 km of the Yukon coast of 35.5 × 106 kg C/yr (0.036 Tg C/yr). The mean flux of sediment per meter of shoreline was 5.3 × 103 kg/m/yr, with a total flux of 1,832 × 106 kg/yr (1.832 Tg/yr). Sedimentation rates indicate that approximately 13% of the eroded carbon was sequestered in nearshore sediments, where the overwhelming majority of organic carbon was of terrestrial origin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

ρ_{b} = 1.374 ((), 10^{- 0.026 x})

where x is the TOC (% wt).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coastal Erosion of Permafrost Soils Along the Yukon Coastal Plain and Fluxes of Organic Carbon to the Canadian Beaufort Sea

et al. 2018

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Hierarchical subdivision of Arctic tundra based on vegetation response to climate, parent material and topography

Walker

2000

Global Change Biology

168

218

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Summary Current land‐cover classifications used for global modelling portray Arctic tundra as one or two classes. This is insufficient for analysis of climate–vegetation interactions. This paper presents a simple three‐level vegetation‐map legend system useful for modelling at global, regional, and landscape scales. At the highest level (global scale: 107−108 km2) the Tundra Zone is divided into four subzones based on vegetation response to temperature along the latitudinal temperature gradient from north to south: (1) Cushion‐forb, (2) Prostrate Dwarf‐shrub, (3) Erect Dwarf‐shrub, and (4) Low Shrub subzones. The boundaries follow a modification of Yurtsev's phytogeographic subzones. Parent material and topography are also major considerations at global, regional, and landscape scales. Soil pH is a key variable for many ecosystem responses, and a division into acidic (pH 5.5 or less) and nonacidic soils is used. A conceptual mesotopographic gradient is used to characterize the influence of soil‐moisture and snow regimes. The example legend framework focuses on the Northern Alaska floristic subprovince, and could be expanded to other floristic provinces using local expert knowledge and available literature. Dominant plant functional types within each habitat type within the four subzones are also presented. Modellers could include or ignore different levels of resolution depending on the purpose of the model. The approach resolves conflicts in terminology that have previously been encountered between the Russian, North American, and Fennoscandian approaches to Arctic zonation.

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Organic Carbon Pools and Genesis of Alpine Soils with Permafrost: A Review

Bockheim

Munroe

2014

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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Soil Carbon Distribution in Nonacidic and Acidic Tundra of Arctic Alaska

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Coastal Erosion of Permafrost Soils Along the Yukon Coastal Plain and Fluxes of Organic Carbon to the Canadian Beaufort Sea

Coastal Erosion of Permafrost Soils Along the Yukon Coastal Plain and Fluxes of Organic Carbon to the Canadian Beaufort Sea

Hierarchical subdivision of Arctic tundra based on vegetation response to climate, parent material and topography

Organic Carbon Pools and Genesis of Alpine Soils with Permafrost: A Review

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