Soil-Borne Pathogens and Their Interactions with the Soil Environment

Dixon, G. R.; Tilston, Emma L.

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9479-7_6

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 223 publications

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“…Root‐associated phytopathogens are heavily influenced by the abiotic and biotic conditions of the rhizosphere (Dixon & Tilston, ). In particular, soil moisture conditions can have a profound impact on the PRRC community structure (Esmaeili Taheri et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, drier conditions facilitate the germination of F. solani conidia (Palmero Llamas et al ., ; Esmaeili Taheri et al ., ). Additional factors such as soil temperature and composition, nutrient availability, and interactions with plant symbionts have roles in defining the community structure of the rhizosphere (Tu, ; Dixon & Tilston, ). It is important, therefore, to note that the controlled conditions of a greenhouse do not reflect the highly variable field environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of interactions between the pea root rot pathogens Aphanomyces euteiches and Fusarium spp. using a multiplex qPCR assay

et al. 2018

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Pea root rot complex (PRRC) describes a group of closely associated soilborne pathogens that cause root rot disease in field pea. Aphanomyces euteiches and several Fusarium spp. are the most prevalent and damaging microorganisms within this complex, although the impact of interspecific interactions on disease progression remains largely unexplored. Furthermore, a fast and reliable method of detecting and quantifying these pathogens is not currently available. The objectives of this experiment were to: (i) investigate the effect of microbial interactions on root rot severity in pea under greenhouse conditions; and (ii) characterize changes in colonization rates when multiple pathogens are present using qPCR. Seeds were exposed to three species of Fusarium and were planted into A. euteiches‐infested soil in varying combinations. For each experimental treatment, an index of disease severity was used to visually rate disease symptoms. Additionally, two triplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays were designed to detect and quantify changes in pathogen population dynamics on the roots. Both assays demonstrated a high degree of sensitivity and efficiency. Results from two independent greenhouse trials indicated an increase in disease severity in the presence of multiple pathogen species compared to single inoculations. Specifically, roots infected with A. euteiches were more susceptible to fusarium root rot than those exposed only to Fusarium spp. These observations were confirmed by qPCR results, which revealed significant changes in colonization rates when multiple species were present. These findings suggest an increased risk of yield loss in regions where A. euteiches and Fusarium spp. co‐occur.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of interactions between the pea root rot pathogens Aphanomyces euteiches and Fusarium spp. using a multiplex qPCR assay

et al. 2018

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“…Fungicide application to chickpea increased the relative abundance of Fusarium in the seminal roots of a subsequent durum crop in 2009, but did not affect it in 2010 (Fig 6). There was considerable variation in the distribution of some fungal taxa in the replicates of treatments which could be due to their sporadic distribution (Dixon and Tilston, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrosequencing reveals the impact of foliar fungicide application to chickpea on root fungal communities of durum wheat in subsequent year

2015

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“…Observations from field surveys have indicated that soil type can have a strong effect on clubroot levels, with higher severity on clay soils (Colhoun, 1953) and soils with low organic matter content (Karling, 1968;Wallenhammar, 1996) than in adjacent fields with higher sand or organic matter content. The beneficial effect of organic matter in reducing clubroot severity may be associated with improved soil texture and increased soil microbial activity and nutrient availability (Dixon & Tilston, 2010). However, severe clubroot has been reported on peat soils with extremely high organic matter content (Thuma et al, 1983;McDonald & Westerveld, 2008), and clubroot severity was higher on a peat soil than silty loam soil (Dobson et al, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil type affects water-holding capacity, and soil moisture affects clubroot infection and development (Dobson et al, 1982;Narisawa et al, 2005). High organic matter content has been reported to reduce clubroot severity, possibly via increased microbial activity in such soil (Dixon, 2009;Dixon & Tilston, 2010). A few clubroot-suppressive soils have been identified and some of these soils become conducive when autoclaved, but suppression in other soils is not affected by autoclaving (Young et al, 1991;Murakami et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soil type, organic matter content, bulk density and saturation on clubroot severity and biofungicide efficacy

et al. 2016

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Growth room experiments were conducted to assess the interaction of soil type, biofungicides, soil compaction and pathotype/host on infection and symptom development caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, the cause of clubroot on Brassica spp. In two initial experiments, four soil types (peat soil, mineral soil, non‐calcareous sand, soil‐less mix), two biofungicides (Bacillus subtilis, Clonostachys rosea), and two pathotypes (3 and 6, Williams’ differential set) were assessed. Differences in clubroot severity associated with soil type were unexpectedly small and variable. Prestop (C. rosea) was often more effective than Serenade (B. subtilis) at reducing clubroot levels on peat and mineral soils, but less effective than Serenade on sand. Inoculation with pathotype 3 often resulted in a slightly higher mean severity than pathotype 6. The interaction of soil type × biofungicide was similar on both canola (B. napus) and Shanghai pak choy (B. rapa subsp. chinensis), whether the soil was kept saturated or allowed to drain after inoculation. The impact of soil type on biofungicide efficacy might explain, in part, why biofungicides are more effective in one location than another. The observation that clubroot severity in soil‐less mix was affected by compaction led to an investigation of soil bulk density. Severity was higher in soil‐less mix that was more compacted than in the initial experiments, and was lower in peat and mineral soils when soil bulk density was reduced by adding soil‐less mix. In this study, soil bulk density had a larger impact on clubroot than soil type, organic matter or pathotype.

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Soil-Borne Pathogens and Their Interactions with the Soil Environment

Cited by 38 publications

References 223 publications

Detection of interactions between the pea root rot pathogens Aphanomyces euteiches and Fusarium spp. using a multiplex qPCR assay

Detection of interactions between the pea root rot pathogens Aphanomyces euteiches and Fusarium spp. using a multiplex qPCR assay

Pyrosequencing reveals the impact of foliar fungicide application to chickpea on root fungal communities of durum wheat in subsequent year

Effect of soil type, organic matter content, bulk density and saturation on clubroot severity and biofungicide efficacy

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