Soil bio- and eco-engineering in China: past experience and future priorities

Stokes, Alexia; Sotir, Robbin B.; Chen, Walter; Ghestem, Murielle

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.07.008

Cited by 119 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The establishment of vegetation, nevertheless, is possible when combined with engineering structures or through the use of soil bioengineering or eco-engineering techniques. Soil bioengineering is defined as a technology that uses engineering practices in conjunction with integrated ecological principles to assess, design, construct and maintain living vegetation systems and to rapidly repair damage caused by erosion and failures (Norris et al 2008;Stokes et al 2010). Ecoengineering is described as the long-term, ecological and economic strategy to manage a site with regard to natural or man-made hazards .…”

Section: Ecological Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological mitigation of hillslope instability: ten key issues facing researchers and practitioners

et al. 2014

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Background Plants alter their environment in a number of ways. With correct management, plant communities can positively impact soil degradation processes such as surface erosion and shallow landslides. However, there are major gaps in our understanding of physical and ecological processes on hillslopes, and the application of research to restoration and engineering projects.Scope To identify the key issues of concern to researchers and practitioners involved in designing and implementing projects to mitigate hillslope instability, we organized a discussion during the From this discussion, ten key issues were identified, considered as the kernel of future studies concerning the impact of vegetation on slope stability and erosion processes. Each issue is described and a discussion at the end of this paper addresses how we can augment the use of ecological engineering techniques for mitigating slope instability. Conclusions We show that through fundamental and applied research in related fields (e.g., soil formation and biogeochemistry, hydrology and microbial ecology), reliable data can be obtained for use by practitioners seeking adapted solutions for a given site. Through fieldwork, accessible databases, modelling and collaborative projects, awareness and acceptance of the use of plant material in slope restoration projects should increase significantly, particularly in the civil and geotechnical communities.

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Section: Ecological Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological mitigation of hillslope instability: ten key issues facing researchers and practitioners

et al. 2014

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“…In soil bioengineering, from the first moment of installation no erosion should occur, as this would be considered part of the original criteria and may be alleviated by the angular arrangement and density of the installed measures. Still, Stokes et al (2010) call to attention that in eco-engineering, civil engineering techniques are not used, although local organic material at the site, e.g. logs and stumps, may be positioned to prevent soil runoff.…”

Section: Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It appears that the term bioengineering was first used as the translation from the German word 'Ingenieurbiologie', created in 1951 by V. Kruedener when referring to projects using both the physical laws of ''hard'' engineering and the biological attributes of living vegetation, which described the work that encompassed both engineering and biology (Schluter 1984;Stokes et al, 2010) that was considered in an ''ecological engineering "context. In 1981, after many discussions with Dr. Schiechtl and other European practitioners, R. Sotir developed the new terminology 'soil bioengineering' for North America (Schiechtl, 1980).…”

Section: Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streambank Soil Bioengineering Approach to Erosion Control

Holanda¹,

Rocha²

2011

Progress in Molecular and Environmental Bioengineering - From Analysis and Modeling to Technology Applications

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“…• Additional important factors such as climate changes, rainfalls, and chemical properties of the soil, as well as, physical properties, and plant ages, soil temperature and precipitation which play a significant role on plant growth need to be investigated [16]. Therefore, models which take into account the impact of vegetation need to be designed accordingly.…”

Section: The Following Topics Are Recommended For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slope Stability and Vegetation

Charlafti¹

2014

J Archit Eng Tech

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This study explores issues related to vegetation effects in slope stability analysis. The main objective of this research was to assess the influences of suction in the stability of slopes. A slope inclination of 1:2 was tested in all cases using SLOPE/W which is sophisticated software with useful features, including suction parameter. Therefore, slope stability analysis was achieved with the usage of this sophisticated software so as to simplify the mathematical processes which are time-consuming. The analysis was based on the Mohr-Coulomb equation arranged appropriately so as to include suction effects. Field measurements recorded by Biddle for mature trees placed on clay subsoil were used to measure the suction effects for each case. Overall, a satisfactory association between field data and results was achieved. For the cases considered, it was indicated that moderately small suction changes from 18 to 39 kPa can influence the safety factor against failure of the slope. All of the analyses showed that the slope model was stable in each case, since safety factor ranged from 1.689 to 4.750. Under undrained conditions Gault clay was found to have a minimum safety factor of 2.553. Suction effects were found to increase the stability of slopes. In the unsaturated analysis, it was found that as b j increased the FOS also increased. Moreover, London clay was found to have a minimum FOS of 2.303 when tested with the effects of matric suction.cohesive and consequently τ f =c u where τ f is the shear strength of the soil. Vegetation effects were not taken into account in this type of analysis, since vegetation is correlated with suction and root strength.The fact that clay is purely cohesive under undrained conditions means that no drainage is allowed [2]. According to Craig, circular slips are associated with homogeneous and isotropic conditions of the soil. Failure of the slope could occur because of the weight of the soil above the slip surface. Finally, undrained shear strength ( u c ) was found for the three soil types (Boulder clay, Gault clay and London clay). Due to the fact that the aim of this dissertation is to estimate the minimum safety factor, worst case scenarios were taken into consideration, therefore the worst values of ( u c ) were chosen. Method of slices (Bishop's Simplified Method)Bishop's simplified method was used to analyse the stability of slopes for the next two stages where the cases of unsaturated clays were taken into account. The assumption made in this method is that the tangential interslice forces are equal and oppose each other thus

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Soil bio- and eco-engineering in China: past experience and future priorities

Cited by 119 publications

References 66 publications

Ecological mitigation of hillslope instability: ten key issues facing researchers and practitioners

Ecological mitigation of hillslope instability: ten key issues facing researchers and practitioners

Streambank Soil Bioengineering Approach to Erosion Control

Slope Stability and Vegetation

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