Soil avalanches on Oahu, Hawaii

Wentworth, Chester K.

doi:10.1130/gsab-54-53

Cited by 51 publications

(30 citation statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were no large-scale land movements (MAGA, 2001), although several shallow landslides and/or earthflows were observed. Nevertheless, landslides are the most significant cause of denudation in watersheds with steep slopes (Wentworth, 1943;Scott and Street, 1976;Li, 1988;Terlien, 1997;Lan et al, 2004).Most landslides in Central and South America occur (or have the potential to occur) in mountainous regions of the Andes and steep slopes in volcanic regions. In rural zones of Guatemala, forested land has been degraded (Medina, 2007) or partially converted to subsistence agriculture (Bresci et al, 2013).…”

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Shallow landslide susceptibility assessment in a data-poor region of Guatemala (Comitancillo municipality)

Preti

Letterio²

2015

J Agricult Engineer

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Although landslides are frequent natural phenomena in mountainous regions, the lack of data in emerging countries is a significant issue in the assessment of shallow landslide susceptibility. A key factor in risk-mitigation strategies is the evaluation of deterministic physical models for hazard assessment in these data-poor regions. Given the lack of physical information, input parameters to these data-intensive deterministic models have to be estimated, which has a negative impact on the reliability of the assessment. To address this problem, we examined shallow landslide hazard in Comitancillo municipality, Guatemala. Shallow landslides are here defined as small (less than two or three metre-deep) rotational or translational slides or earth flows. We based our hazard simulation on the stability index mapping model. The model's input parameters were estimated from a statistical analysis of factors affecting landslides in the municipality obtained from a geodatabase. The outputs from the model were analysed and compared to an inventory of small-scale landslides. The results of the comparison show the effectiveness of the method developed to estimate input parameters for a deterministic model, in regions where physical data related to the assessment of shallow landslide susceptibility is lacking. IntroductionVarious natural disasters in recent centuries in Central America have been caused by landslides and debris flows (Zaitchik and van Es, 2003;Petley et al., 2005;Devoli et al., 2007aDevoli et al., , 2007bMedina, 2007;Miner and Villagran de Leon, 2008;Devoli et al., 2009). For example, in early October 2005 at the end of the rainy season, a storm system led to heavy rainfall in Guatemala (UNEP, 2005) and resulted in several landslides that had a severe impact on communities. More than 1800 people died (Cepeda et al., 2010) and the landslides that hit the Sololà and San Marcos Departments wrecked entire villages (Medina, 2007). However, the municipality of Comitancillo (San Marcos Department) escaped the disaster. There were no large-scale land movements (MAGA, 2001), although several shallow landslides and/or earthflows were observed. Nevertheless, landslides are the most significant cause of denudation in watersheds with steep slopes (Wentworth, 1943;Scott and Street, 1976;Li, 1988;Terlien, 1997;Lan et al., 2004).Most landslides in Central and South America occur (or have the potential to occur) in mountainous regions of the Andes and steep slopes in volcanic regions. In rural zones of Guatemala, forested land has been degraded (Medina, 2007) or partially converted to subsistence agriculture (Bresci et al., 2013). Such changes in land use and land cover affect soil cohesion and critical pore water pressure, causing loss of root reinforcement and reduction of the canopy effect on interception and evapotranspiration (Kuriakose et al., 2009).In the municipality the factors affecting landslides have never been identified or analysed; they include lithology, soil texture, slope angle, elevation (Lan et al....

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shallow landslide susceptibility assessment in a data-poor region of Guatemala (Comitancillo municipality)

Preti

Letterio²

2015

J Agricult Engineer

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“…Il est possible par ailleurs que, dans certains cas, de petites avalanches jouent un rôle dans la formation des glissements pelliculaires. WENTWORTH (1943), HACK et GOODLETT (1960, SWANSTON (1970). et McROBERTS et MORGENSTERN (1974 attribuent eux aussi à la saturation en eau de la couche superficielle et au seepage un rôle fondamental dans les glissements pelliculaires.…”

Section: Mécanismes De Formationunclassified

Glissements pelliculaires sur versants rocheux, Côte-Nord du Saint-Laurent, Québec

Dionne¹,

Filion²

2007

gpq

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Les glissements pelliculaires sont des décrochements superficiels affectant la mince couche de débris minéraux et la couche organique recouvrant les versants rocheux à pente raide (> 35°). Par suite d'une saturation en eau du matériel, un paquet de débris se détache du haut du versant et glisse brusquement vers le bas déblayant ainsi un étroit couloir dans le tapis végétal et mettant à nu le substrat rocheux. Les débris accumulés au pied du versant forment un amas correspondant au volume des débris arrachés au versant. Ce processus de denudation des versants rocheux joue un rôle dans leur évolution, le substrat rocheux mis à nu étant ainsi exposé différemment aux agents d'altération subaériens. Environ 500 glissements pelliculaires sur versant rocheux dans plus de 300 sites ont été cartographies dans l'arrière région côtière de la Côte-Nord du Saint-Laurent entre Godbout et Blanc-Sablon. Ce processus mal connu est brièvement décrit et son importance morphologique est soulignée.Skin slides or flows are surficial debris movements on rocky slopes. They occur in the thin mineral soil veneer and the organic cover on relatively steep slopes (> 35°). In the upper part of rocky slopes, water-saturated debris slide down suddenly, cutting through the vegetation cover. The ribbon-like stripe so formed exposes the underlying bedrock. Debris involved in the slide accumulates at the slope base forming a ridge varying in size according to the volume of slide debris. This process of denudation plays a role in the evolution of rocky slopes, since the bedrock is thus exposed to subaerial weathering. Over 500 skin slides on rocky slopes have been mapped in the inland area between Godbout and Blanc-Sablon on the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. This poorly documented slope process is briefly described and its morphological significance is stressed

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“…Landslide, here used in a general sense, is a very rapid mass movement that may release large volumes of regolith to drainage ways. Where weathering rates are high and regoliths are thick, rapid mass movement commonly occurs as planar or block slide (Moeyersons 1981), debris avalanche (Wentworth 1943), and debris flow (Jibson 1989). In high-relief areas of the wet tropics, such as the Luquillo Mountains of northeastern Puerto Rico, mass movement includes rockfall and rotational slumping (Moss 1965;Larsen and Torres-Sánchez 1998).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Fluvial Systems In the Humid Tropicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoindicators for river and river-valley monitoring in the humid tropics

Osterkamp

2002

Environmental Geology

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Geoindicators for rivers and river valleys in the humid tropics are suggested to indicate environmental change during periods of up to a century. Geoindicators suggested for upland areas of supply are rainfall-runoff relations, rates of soil movement and slope failure, and analyses of drainage density. Data applicable to sediment storage in lowlands are rates of sediment deposition as shown by monuments, short-lived radioisotopes, and pollen. Discharges of water, sediment, and dissolved solids are basic geoindicators for large streams, especially when analyses include flood frequency, stage-discharge relations, flow duration, sedimentrating curves, and comparisons of dissolved loads to sediment loads. The utility of geoindicators in the humid tropics may be greatest if observation sites are selected with a network design to permit comparisons of sites with similar conditions of climate and drainage-basin characteristics.

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Soil avalanches on Oahu, Hawaii

Cited by 51 publications

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Shallow landslide susceptibility assessment in a data-poor region of Guatemala (Comitancillo municipality)

Shallow landslide susceptibility assessment in a data-poor region of Guatemala (Comitancillo municipality)

Glissements pelliculaires sur versants rocheux, Côte-Nord du Saint-Laurent, Québec

Geoindicators for river and river-valley monitoring in the humid tropics

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