Soil and water conservation measures improve soil carbon sequestration and soil quality under cashews

Mahajan, Gopal Ramdas; Das, Bappa; Manivannan, S.; Manjunath, B. L.; Verma, Ram Ratan; Desai, Sujeet; Kulkarni, Rahul M.; Latare, A.M.; Sale, Reshma B.; Murgaonkar, Dayesh; Patel, Kiran Puna; Morajkar, Shaiesh; Desai, A. R.; Barnes, Natasha Maria; Mulla, Heena

doi:10.1016/j.ijsrc.2020.07.009

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…We demonstrated that both biological and engineering measures substantially increased soil pH compared with the control treatment, and the effects of biological measures were greater than those of engineering measures. We ascribed the increase in soil pH to a reduction of soil and water loss, which decreases the high rainfall‐induced leaching of soil base cations, such as Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and K + (Adhikary et al., 2017; Duan et al., 2020; Mahajan et al., 2021; Wu et al., 2021). The application of N fertilizer in orchards tends to decrease soil pH and accelerate soil acidification (Chien et al., 2008; Guan et al., 2022; Zhu et al., 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological conservation measures are better than engineering conservation measures in improving soil quality of eroded orchards in southern China

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2022

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Both biological and engineering measures have proven to be effective soil and water conservation practices for eroded environments, whereas how the soil quality varies with them remains unclear. In this study, we measured soil properties in the 0-to-100-cm soil layer of eroded orchards in southern China after 17-yr of application of different conservation measures. The purpose of the experiment was to examine the effect of biological (grass planting, intercropping) and engineering measures (terrace) on the soil quality of eroded orchards. We selected an orchard plot with traditional clean-tillage as control. In comparison, soil pH, organic carbon, total phosphorus, microbial carbon, available potassium, and available microelements contents increased significantly in orchards with biological measures, and the improvements were more dramatic in orchards planting grass in strips. However, biological measures significantly reduced the mean weight diameter of aggregates. Engineering measures significantly increased the soil pH of orchards but decreased the contents of available iron and available manganese. The soil quality index (SQI)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological conservation measures are better than engineering conservation measures in improving soil quality of eroded orchards in southern China

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2022

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…Conservation technologies can be defined as approaches that conserve land and water, reduce loss of soil carbon, promote crop productivity and sequester carbon (Mahajan et al, 2021). Besides, land restoration strategies can also help build soil carbon pool in presence of optimum water and nutrients (Lal, 2015).…”

Section: Achieving Carbon‐positive Villagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relatively higher soil loss (124.8 Mg ha −1 yr −1 ) was observed in rice‐fallow as compared to ginger‐fallow cropping pattern (70.6 Mg ha −1 yr −1 ) in the South Andaman (Islands) District (Table 8). Staggered contour trenches and continuous contour trenches in cashew in coastal Goa resulted in minimising carbon loss to the extent of 36 and 48%, respectively, compared to no conservation measures (Mahajan et al, 2021).…”

Section: Achieving Carbon‐positive Villagementioning

confidence: 99%

Land and water conservation technologies for building carbon positive villages in India

et al. 2022

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Continuous and unabated land degradation in India is a threat to agricultural sustainability while increasing temperatures, changing rainfall patterns and precipitation intensification are going to further aggravate degradation in future. The timely adoption of integrated land and water conservation technologies minimises erosion and provides significant adaptation and mitigation co‐benefits. The objectives of this study were to assess the mitigation potential of soil and water conservation technologies and also the feasibility of making villages carbon positive. The extent of minimisation of soil loss due to soil conservation technologies ranges from 0.10 to 21.65 Mg ha−1 yr−1, while carbon emissions minimised range from 0.73 to 158.77 kg ha−1 yr−1. Emission minimisation from various water management technologies in rice ranges from 73.0 to 507.9 kg CO2 equivalents ha−1 yr−1. Agroforestry practices can sequester 8.64 to 52.77 Mg CO2 ha−1 yr−1 besides enhancing system productivity, arresting soil erosion and carbon loss through erosion. Integration of multiple technologies in a farming system further enhances the adaptation and mitigation benefits. Adoption of conservation technologies resulted in a net carbon balance of 0.05–1.23 CO2 Mg ha−1 yr−1 in 9 villages in India, indicating net positive carbon balance due to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration. Building carbon positive villages is a potential approach for preventing land degradation, while enhancing productivity, mitigating climate change and realising the sustainable development goals. Building capacities of communities and establishing institutions in villages are essential for upscaling and maintaining of soil and water conservation structures and community assets in the village. Furthermore, prioritisation and scaling of location specific land and water conservation technologies hold the key to establish carbon‐positive villages.

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“…Salinity and sodicity: problem and threat (adopted from Falloon and Betts, 2010;Raiesi and Kabiri, 2016;Rengasamy, 2016;Liu et al, 2017;Sione et al, 2017;Neubauer et al, 2019;Abdel-Fattah et al, 2020;Hayat et al, 2020;Mahajan et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Extent and Impact Of Sasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing soil quality for rehabilitation of salt-affected agroecosystem: A comprehensive review

Basak

Kumar

Sundha

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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One billion hectares of land worldwide is affected by several kinds of salinity and associated problems. The soil quality (SQ) in salt-affected soil (SAS) is impaired because of the presence of excess electrolytes, disproportionate Na and Ca in soil solution and exchange phase, rhythmic changes in the hydrological cycle, decreasing soil organic matter, poor vegetative cover, low soil biological activity, and crop residue return. Sodic and saline–sodic soils have the potential to provide alkaline reactions and soil physical constraints to regulate the soil attributes affecting SQ. Because of high spatial variability and rapid temporal changes, selection of simple, robust, low cost, and high-throughput master indicators for assessing SQ is very essential for monitoring the aggradation or degradation of SAS. Therefore, screening the master indicators for developing a minimum dataset for SQ assessment of SAS is an important issue for sustainable management of soil in these agro-ecologies. We captured the SQ indicators for SAS from several ecosystems of different countries and discussed the problems of parameterization for assessing SQ. Improved SQ for optimum soil functioning is needed for confirming agricultural productivity and food security around the globe. This review describes the causes and drivers for sodification/salinization and mechanism-oriented rehabilitation options such as the application of mineral gypsum, flue-gas–desulfurized gypsum, elemental S, acidified biochar, polymer, salt tolerance mechanisms, and other agro-techniques for improving the quality of SAS. Based on the SQ assessment, a suite of site-specific soil management practices are advocated for the greening of SAS and prosperity.

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Soil and water conservation measures improve soil carbon sequestration and soil quality under cashews

Cited by 29 publications

References 87 publications

Biological conservation measures are better than engineering conservation measures in improving soil quality of eroded orchards in southern China

Biological conservation measures are better than engineering conservation measures in improving soil quality of eroded orchards in southern China

Land and water conservation technologies for building carbon positive villages in India

Assessing soil quality for rehabilitation of salt-affected agroecosystem: A comprehensive review

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