Soil and Saprolite Characteristics of Vertic and Aquic Hapludults Derived from Triassic Basin Sandstones

Griffin, Richard W.; Buol, S. W.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200040037x

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The absence of clay coating in thin sections of argillic horizons of highly calcareous soils of arid and semiarid regions is either tied to high shrink-swell potential, caused by the considerable amount of expandable clays (Nettleton et al, 1969;Nettleton and Peterson, 1983) or to the disruption force of growing crystals, such as gypsum or calcite (Khademi and Mermut, 2003) or to engulfment with carbonates (Mahmoodi, 1979). Soil horizons with high extensibility, were mostly missing clay coatings on the faces of peds because of high shrink-swell activity of the groundmass (Griffin and Buol, 1988). As mentioned above, smectite is the major clay mineral of the studied soils, particularly in more stable landforms.…”

Section: Soilsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Soil-landscape relationship as indicated by pedogenesis data on selected soils from Southwestern, Iran

Owliaie¹,

Najafi‐Ghiri²,

Shakeri³

2018

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science (Ejss)

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Article Info Received : 02.10.2017 Accepted : 02.01.2018 Soils of semiarid regions of Dehdasht and Choram in Southwestern Iran have formed on alluvium derived from mixed calcareous-gypsiferous materials from Lower Miocene to Upper Pliocene. In order to characterize and classify the soils and to determine the soillandscape relationship in the area, nine pedons located on different physiographic positions including plateau, river alluvial plain, piedmont plain, alluvial plain and alluvial fan have been described, sampled and analyzed. Physicochemical analyses, clay mineralogy and micromorphological studies were performed. The results showed that topography and parent material were two important soil forming factors affecting soil formation in the area. The soils were dominated by carbonate, gypsum, and clay illuviation and accumulation. More developed soils were found on the stable plateau and piedmont plain. Clay illuviation and argillic horizon development in soils of the more stable alluvial plain were assumed to be relict features from presumably more humid climates. Palygorskite, illite, chlorite, smectite, kaolinite, and quartz clay minerals were identified in almost all physiographic surfaces, but more palygorskite and less smectite were found in the soils with gypsiferous parent materials. Observations by SEM revealed the occurrence of neoformed palygorskite as thread-like faces and coating of gypsum crystals and marly matrix. Coating and infilling of gypsum and calcite crystals in voids and channels were common pedofeatures observed in the soils studied. Two different distribution patterns of Fe-Mn oxides were identified in aquic and non-aquic soils.

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Section: Soilsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Soil-landscape relationship as indicated by pedogenesis data on selected soils from Southwestern, Iran

Owliaie¹,

Najafi‐Ghiri²,

Shakeri³

2018

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science (Ejss)

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“…The current study occurred within the Triassic Basin where soils formed from weathering of fine-grained red sandstones and/or coarse-grained grey sandstones. The Triassic Basin consists of clayey, saprolitic soils that may exhibit shrink-swell characteristics (e.g., cracks and slickenslides) and may have low hydraulic conductivities (Griffin and Buol 1988).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Nitrogen Treatment by an In-stream Bioreactor in a Watershed Served by Septic Systems

Iverson,

Humphrey,

O’Driscoll

et al. 2024

Environ. Process.

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Septic systems are potentially significant sources of nitrogen to groundwater and surface water. In-stream practices, such as in-stream bioreactors (IBRs), that promote or enhance nitrogen treatment are promising solutions to reduce nitrogen loads to nutrient-sensitive water. More work is needed to evaluate the efficiency of IBRs in new applications, such as residential sub-watersheds with a high-density of septic systems. The goal of this study was to quantify nitrogen treatment by an in-stream bioreactor (IBR) during baseflow conditions. The IBR was constructed in March 2017 when approximately 1 m of streambed sediment was excavated and backfilled with 0.75 m of woodchips capped by 0.2 m of rotary-kiln, expanded slate and boulder-sized riprap. Samples were collected monthly from July 2017 – March 2019 including IBR inflow, monitoring ports within the IBR, groundwater seeps draining to the IBR, and IBR outflow. Water samples were analyzed for total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), nitrate, ammonium, dissolved organic carbon, chloride, and nitrate isotopic fractionation. The IBR reduced the median concentration of TDN and nitrate by 40% and 77%, respectively. The median mass removal of TDN and nitrate was 26 and 5.2 g day− 1, respectively. Nitrogen-chloride ratios and isotopic fractionation data suggest that denitrification was likely a predominant nitrogen reduction mechanism. In addition to nitrogen treatment, the IBR provided other benefits by improving erosion control, streambank stabilization, and increased bank-full storage from 6 m3 to 19.2 m3. Results indicated that the IBR improved water quality and other residential sub-watersheds with septic systems would benefit from similar practices.

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“…Soil horizons with high COLE (Coefficient Of Linear Extensibility) values were mostly missing clay coatings on the faces of peds because of high shrink-swell activity of the groundmass (Griffin & Buol 1988).…”

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confidence: 99%

Soil genesis along a Catena in Southwestern Iran: a micromorphological approach

Owliaie

2013

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science

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In order to determine the role of topography and drainage condition on soil genesis, a micromorphological study was carried out along a catena in Kohgilouye Province, southwestern Iran. The catena in this study crosses the main physiographical units such as alluvial and colluvial fans, piedmont plain, plateau, river alluvial plain, and lowland. Seven representative soil profiles were described and studied accurately. Thin section observations, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and digital microscope studies were used in this study. The major contributing soil processes can be categorized as calcium carbonate leaching, clay eluviation, and formation of Fe-Mn oxides. Calcite depletion pedofeatures were the most striking aspect of the soil thin sections studied. In pedons that were located on more stable physiographic unit, a higher frequency of micritic calcite nodules was observed. The presence of needle-shaped calcite in aquic and non-aquic conditions throughout the soil profile suggests an appropriate broad range of pedoenvironmental conditions for the formation and stability of this mineral habit. The magnitude of calcite nodules that were impregnated with Fe-Mn oxides was higher in soils formed on more stable geomorphic units. Adjacent formation of needleshaped calcite and cytomorphic calcite in some horizons may suggest the biogenic source of this mineral. In most thin sections of argillic horizons, clay films were cleared after a mild HCl treatment, suggesting masking of the clay coating by carbonates.

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Soil and Saprolite Characteristics of Vertic and Aquic Hapludults Derived from Triassic Basin Sandstones

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Soil-landscape relationship as indicated by pedogenesis data on selected soils from Southwestern, Iran

Soil-landscape relationship as indicated by pedogenesis data on selected soils from Southwestern, Iran

Quantifying Nitrogen Treatment by an In-stream Bioreactor in a Watershed Served by Septic Systems

Soil genesis along a Catena in Southwestern Iran: a micromorphological approach

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