Soil amendment with insect exuviae causes species-specific changes in the rhizosphere bacterial community of cabbage plants

Wantulla, Max; Loon, J.J.A. van; Dicke, Marcel

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2023.104854

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For instance, a pot experiment indicated high mineralization of MWF, particularly at higher application rates (Houben et al., 2021). Moreover, the addition of MWF may have altered the soil microbial community, potentially favoring the growth of microorganisms beneficial to the cabbage root fly larvae (Wantulla et al., 2023). It is also possible that the MWF used in our study had a different chemical and/or microbial composition than other sources of insect frass that have been shown to induce plant defenses (Poveda et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of frass from larvae of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) and yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) on growth and insect resistance in field mustard (Brassica rapa): differences between insect species and frass treatments

Chia,

van Loon,

Dicke

2024

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Frass, a byproduct of insect rearing, has become popular for its potential use in sustainable agriculture. The rapid growth of insect production results in an increased frass output. This study examined the effects of frass as soil amendment on plant growth and resistance to insect herbivory. In greenhouse experiments, Brassica rapa L. (Brassicaceae), was grown in unamended soil (NoFrass; control) or soil amended with frass (2 g kg−1) from larvae of black soldier fly (BSFF), Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), or yellow mealworm (MWF), Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Frass was applied as raw, incubated, or composted frass before seed germination. Plant growth and performance were measured of larvae of root‐feeding Delia radicum L. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) and shoot‐feeding Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Initially, raw BSFF and MWF reduced the growth of B. rapa and resulted in a smaller leaf area than NoFrass. However, over time, a notable trend emerged. Whereas the difference in leaf area between MWF and NoFrass disappeared, BSFF consistently resulted in a smaller leaf area than MWF and NoFrass. Raw BSFF reduced D. radicum larval survival and pupal biomass and larval survival of P. xylostella. In contrast, raw MWF increased larval survival and biomass of D. radicum and the survival of P. xylostella larvae. Interestingly, incubation of frass in the soil for 16 days before seed germination removed plant growth inhibition and increased plant leaf area, especially for MWF compared to NoFrass. In addition, composting MWF increased leaf growth. Therefore, frass may be used as a sustainable and natural alternative to conventional organic fertilisers, promoting plant growth and enhancing resistance to herbivory. Our results indicate that soil amendment with raw BSFF may negatively impact herbivore performance, whereas raw MWF may enhance herbivore performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of frass from larvae of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) and yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) on growth and insect resistance in field mustard (Brassica rapa): differences between insect species and frass treatments

Chia,

van Loon,

Dicke

2024

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…To promote soil suppressiveness, beneficial microbes in the rhizosphere can be enriched by promoting their assembly ( Chen et al., 2020a ; Leite et al., 2023 ; Wang et al., 2023c ; Wantulla et al., 2023 ) or transferring pathogen-suppressive microbes into conducive soils ( Zhao et al., 2021b ; Shao et al., 2022 ; Sritongon et al., 2023 ). These enrichments have shown a great potential for improving plant health through minimized disease pressure.…”

Section: Soil Suppressiveness To Phytopathogens In the Rhizospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering key factors in pathogen-suppressive microbiome assembly in the rhizosphere

Andargie,

Lee,

Jeong

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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In a plant-microbe symbiosis, the host plant plays a key role in promoting the association of beneficial microbes and maintaining microbiome homeostasis through microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). The associated microbes provide an additional layer of protection for plant immunity and help in nutrient acquisition. Despite identical MAMPs in pathogens and commensals, the plant distinguishes between them and promotes the enrichment of beneficial ones while defending against the pathogens. The rhizosphere is a narrow zone of soil surrounding living plant roots. Hence, various biotic and abiotic factors are involved in shaping the rhizosphere microbiome responsible for pathogen suppression. Efforts have been devoted to modifying the composition and structure of the rhizosphere microbiome. Nevertheless, systemic manipulation of the rhizosphere microbiome has been challenging, and predicting the resultant microbiome structure after an introduced change is difficult. This is due to the involvement of various factors that determine microbiome assembly and result in an increased complexity of microbial networks. Thus, a comprehensive analysis of critical factors that influence microbiome assembly in the rhizosphere will enable scientists to design intervention techniques to reshape the rhizosphere microbiome structure and functions systematically. In this review, we give highlights on fundamental concepts in soil suppressiveness and concisely explore studies on how plants monitor microbiome assembly and homeostasis. We then emphasize key factors that govern pathogen-suppressive microbiome assembly. We discuss how pathogen infection enhances plant immunity by employing a cry-for-help strategy and examine how domestication wipes out defensive genes in plants experiencing domestication syndrome. Additionally, we provide insights into how nutrient availability and pH determine pathogen suppression in the rhizosphere. We finally highlight up-to-date endeavors in rhizosphere microbiome manipulation to gain valuable insights into potential strategies by which microbiome structure could be reshaped to promote pathogen-suppressive soil development.

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“…Black soldier fly-composted organic fertilizer (BSFCOF) and chitin-rich exuviae contain essential nutrients which are readily available to crops (Beesigamukama et al, 2020aMenino et al, 2021). Recent studies have demonstrated that these by-products possess the potential to enhance the activities of beneficial soil microorganisms (Barragań-Fonseca et al, 2022;Wantulla et al, 2023a), augment plant development and trigger systemic resistance in plants (Quilliam et al, 2020;Barragań-Fonseca et al, 2022), attract parasitoids and plant pollinators, and significantly contribute to the suppression of soil-borne plant pathogens and pests (Temple et al, 2013;Poveda et al, 2019;Quilliam et al, 2020;Wantulla et al, 2023b). In SSA for example, the potential of these by products, especially BSFCOF to improve maize yield (Beesigamukama et al, 2020a, Beesigamukama et al, 2020bTanga et al, 2021), kale, tomato, and French bean (Anyega et al, 2021), kale and Swiss chard (Abiya et al, 2022) has been demonstrated, and insect-composted organic fertilizer has been recommended as a complement or total replacement of mineral fertilizer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase in the activities of chitinolytic microorganisms (Wantulla et al, 2023a;Spiegel et al, 1987;Rodriguez-Kabana et al, 1987), release of ammonia (Oka, 2010), improved soil chitinase activity (Jung et al, 2002;Jin et al, 2005) and production of antibiotics (Akhtar and Malik, 2000;Ali et al, 2002) have been reported as some of the possible mechanisms behind the biocontrol efficacy of chitin and chitin-rich organic soil amendments in plant parasitic nematode control. Strohl (1997) reported that enriching compost with shrimp shell chitin increased the abundance of Grampositive bacteria, the group known for having an important role in antibiotic production, while Jin et al (2005) found that increase in chitinase activity was associated with reduced galling index of M. incognita.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving dynamics of insect frass fertilizer for sustainable nematode management and potato production

Anedo,

Beesigamukama,

Mochoge

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Potato production faces major challenges from inadequate soil fertility, and nematode infestation, yet synthetic fertilizers and nematicides are costly and harmful to the environment. This study explored the potential of chitin-fortified black soldier fly-composted organic fertilizer (BSFCOF) as a multipurpose organic fertilizer amendment for enhancing potato yield and suppressing potato cyst nematodes (PCN). The BSFCOF was applied at a rate equivalent to 150 kg N ha-1 and fortified with chitin from black soldier fly pupal exuviae at inclusion rates equivalent to 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% chitin. Data were collected on potato growth characteristics, PCN population densities, and soil chemical properties for two growing cycles. Results showed that chitin fortified BSFCOF significantly improved potato growth parameters, chlorophyll concentration, marketable tuber yield and number of marketable tubers. The marketable tuber yield achieved using chitin-fortified BSFCOF was 70 – 362%, and 69 – 238% higher than the values achieved using unfertilized soil during the first and second growing cycles, respectively. Soil amendment with chitin-fortified BSFCOF significantly reduced the number of cysts per 200 g soil-1, number of eggs and J2 per cyst-1, eggs g-1 soil and reproduction rate by 32 – 87%, 9 – 92%, 31– 98% and 31 – 98%, respectively. The PCN suppression increased with chitin inclusion rates. There were significantly higher values for soil pH, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and cation exchange capacity in soil amended with BSFCOF compared to unamended soil. This study demonstrates that BSFCOF fortified with 5% chitin is an effective soil enhancer with multiple benefits, including improved soil fertility, potato performance, and effective management of potato cyst nematodes.

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Soil amendment with insect exuviae causes species-specific changes in the rhizosphere bacterial community of cabbage plants

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of frass from larvae of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) and yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) on growth and insect resistance in field mustard (Brassica rapa): differences between insect species and frass treatments

Effects of frass from larvae of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) and yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) on growth and insect resistance in field mustard (Brassica rapa): differences between insect species and frass treatments

Deciphering key factors in pathogen-suppressive microbiome assembly in the rhizosphere

Evolving dynamics of insect frass fertilizer for sustainable nematode management and potato production

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